Short-term Power Load Forecasting Based on Orthogonal PCA-LPP Dimension Reduction and IGWO-BiLSTM

Background: Accurate power load forecasting is significant in ensuring power load planning, reliability and economical operation. The traditional power load is easily affected by climate, environment, data type and other factors, resulting in the problem of poor forecasting accuracy. Therefore, it is necessary to study power load forecasting. Objective: Through machine learning, dimension reduction method and intelligent optimization algorithm, the accuracy of load forecasting is improved. Methods: In order to fully extract load information and improve the accuracy of short-term load forecasting for campus electricity, an improved combination of orthogonal dimensionality reduction and Bilstm is proposed to optimize the hyperparameters in BiLSTM using an improved gray wolf algorithm. Firstly, using the advantages of principal component analysis (PCA) and Locality Preserving Projection (LPP) to maintain the global and local structure of the data, respectively, the Orthogonal PCA-LPP (OPCA-LPP) dimensionality reduction method is proposed to reduce the dimensionality of the original multidimensional data. Finally, the dimensionality-reduced data is used as the input of BiLSTM and optimized by the improved Gray Wolf algorithm, which can enhance the model's prediction capability and thus achieve accurate prediction of short-term electric load. Results: The Mae and RMSE of this paper are 1.6585 and 1.7602, respectively. The results show that the method proposed in this paper is reasonable. Conclusion: This method is applied to power load forecasting. The comparative experimental results show that this method reduces the dimension of data input, simplifies the complexity of network input data, and improves load forecasting accuracy. Compared with other methods, it can improve load forecasting accuracy and provide a basis for formulating reasonable power grid operation modes and balanced power grid dispatching.