Food Science, Nutrition and Dietetics
Nutritional Pathways to Prostate Health: A Comprehensive Review of Dietary Influences on Prostatitis, BPH, and Prostate Cancer
The present article offers a thorough critical assessment of the intricacies of nutrition and prostatic diseases including prostatitis benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer. The literature review begins with an overview of the embryology anatomy and physiology of the prostate gland before proceeding to examine the aetiology pathophysiology and risk factors surrounding these prostate diseases. This work aims to provide a broad systematic analysis of nutrient composition and possible effects on the prostate state including beneficial and harmful nutrients. The review of the findings consolidates the contemporary data regarding the beneficial effects of certain micronutrients phytochemicals and diet patterns as well as the detrimental effects of high intake of saturated fats processed meats and refined carbohydrates. In addition the paper looks into the synergistic and additive impact of multiple dietary constituents to give an understanding of the possible mode of action in prostate disease prevention and control. Therefore the purpose of this critical analysis is to provide nutritional advice based on scientific evidence that is helpful in enhancing prostate health and reducing the severity of pathologies connected with it.
Uncovering the Impact of MMP-9 and TIMPs in Diabetic Nephropathy: A Review on Bioflavonoids in Disease Management
This article provides a thorough analysis of the complex roles played by tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Diabetic nephropathy a notable complication of diabetes is characterized by a progressive decline in kidney function prompting a thorough examination of its fundamental molecular pathways. This article presents a comprehensive overview of the function played by MMP-9 a key enzyme in the remodeling of extracellular matrix in developing tubulointerstitial and glomerular fibrosis which are critical aspects of renal dysfunction in DN. Simultaneously the review delves into the regulatory functions of TIMPs emphasizing their crucial role in maintaining the delicate balance between matrix degradation and repair. The abnormal regulation of the MMP-9/TIMP axis is explored as a pivotal factor contributing to increased vascular permeability inflammation and structural alterations within the renal microenvironment. By synthesizing current research findings the purpose of this review was to unravel the complex molecular interplay between MMP-9 and TIMPs in diabetic nephropathy. The insights derived from this comprehensive analysis hold promise for identifying potential therapeutic targets that could mitigate renal damage arrest disease progression and enhance clinical outcomes for individuals grappling with diabetic nephropathy. Finally it concludes by emphasizing the necessity for additional research to validate these findings and facilitate the translation of this knowledge into targeted therapeutic interventions for improved management of diabetic nephropathy.
Effect of Azadirachta indica Leaf Extract on the Toxicity Induced by Ethyl Methanesulphonate (EMS) in the Third Instar Larvae of Transgenic Drosophila melanogaster (hsp70-lacZ) Bg9
Neem known for its medicinal benefits such as anti-inflammatory antioxidant and anti-cancer properties can serve as a complementary or alternative treatment. Research has also indicated that neem extracts lessen the harmful effects of the chemotherapy drug cisplatin on healthy cells while still preserving its ability to target cancer cells effectively. Different parts of the Neem tree such as leaves bark fruit flowers oil and gum have been traditionally used in herbal medicine for treating various health conditions including cancer hypertension heart disease and diabetes.
The effect of neem extract was studied on the Ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) (an anti-cancerous drug)-induced toxicity in the third instar larvae of transgenic Drosophila melanogaster (hsp70-lacZ) Bg9.
The third instar larvae were exposed to 25 µM of EMS alone and along with 4×10-3 g/ml 8×10-3 g/ml 12×10-3 g/ml and 16×10-3 g/ml of neem extract (NE) mixed in diet for 24 hrs.
A significant increase in toxicity was observed in the larvae exposed to 25 µM of EMS. A dose-dependent significant decrease in the toxic effects was observed in the larvae exposed to various doses of neem extract. The GCMS analysis of the neem extract showed the presence of Phytol and α-tocopherol as major compounds.
The reduction in the toxicity induced by EMS is mainly attributed to phytol and α-tocopherol.
A Review on Diabetes that can be Prevented or Cured by Nutraceuticals
This review aims to investigate and evaluate the existing scientific research on the potential of nutraceuticals in preventing or curing diabetes. It involves summarizing and analyzing studies clinical trials and data related to the effects of specific nutraceuticals on diabetes prevention and treatment.
Moreover it examines the potential of various nutraceuticals in the prevention and treatment of diabetes focusing on evidence-based studies that demonstrate their efficacy safety and potential to improve overall health outcomes for individuals with diabetes or at risk for developing the condition.
Synthetic medication treatment solutions do not suit the needs of patients. The notion of nutraceuticals was born out of a survey conducted in the United Kingdom Germany and France which found that consumers value nutrition more than exercise or inherited factors in achieving excellent health. Nutraceuticals which give health advantages and are an alternative to contemporary medicine have gained popularity in recent years. Herbal medications provide a better therapeutic promise with fewer side effects than conventional therapeutic needs for treating diabetes. Nutraceuticals encompass a wide range of substances including botanicals vitamins antioxidants minerals amino acids and fatty acids. Incorporating them into your diet or supplement routine can provide a variety of health benefits. While they may have broad applications their effects are often more targeted compared to traditional pharmaceutical drugs and they are commonly used as complementary or alternative therapies in conjunction with conventional medical treatments.
Nutraceuticals are nutritionally valuable dietary supplements. Many of the nutrients mentioned including botanicals vitamins antioxidants minerals amino acids and fatty acids have demonstrated clinical and pharmacological efficacy in various aspects of health including their potential anti-diabetic effects.
Development and Validation of a High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography Method for Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Wogonin in S. barbata D. Don Herb
Scutellaria barbata D. Don a perennial herb with a rich history in traditional medicine is known for its bioactive compounds including wogonin. It possesses anti-inflammatory antioxidant and anticancer properties. Together with other bioactive compounds wogonin contributes to the pharmacological activities associated with S. barbata D. Don making it a subject of interest in both traditional and modern medicinal research. This study aimed to develop and validate a High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) method for the precise and accurate quantification of wogonin in the hydroethanolic extract of S. barbata D. Don.
The process was developed and underwent rigorous validation following the ICH guidelines. Parameters such as linearity specificity instrument precision precision accuracy limit of detection (LOD) limit of quantification (LOQ) and robustness were systematically evaluated to ensure the method's reliability.
The HPTLC separation was conducted on TLC aluminum plates precoated with silica gel 60 F254 and optimal separation was achieved using Ethyl acetate: toluene: formic acid (5: 4.9: 0.1 (v/v/v/v)) as the mobile phase. Densitometric scanning at 254 nm in reflection/absorbance mode revealed compact spots at Rf 0.87 corresponding to wogonin. Linear regression analysis demonstrated a robust linear relationship between peak area and the amount of wogonin in the range of 10-40 (µg/mg). The quantification of wogonin in crude extracts obtained was 3.274 µg/mg of extract.
In summary the developed HPTLC method emerges as a straightforward precise and accurate tool for the rapid screening of active constituents specifically wogonin within the petroleum ether extracts of S. barbata D. Don. This method holds promise for routine quality control and analysis of herbal materials and formulations containing S. barbata D. Don contributing to the ongoing exploration of its therapeutic potential.
Pharmacological and Dietary Significance of Indian Spices: A Review
Indian spices which provide food taste color and scent also have several medicinal benefits. The therapeutic uses of these plants were described in ancient Indian writings of Ayurveda an Indian medical system. Numerous active chemicals with pharmacological effects have been shown to exist in these spices according to recent scientific studies. Experimental and clinical research has also confirmed the medicinal effectiveness of these distinct spices for certain pharmacological activities. Modern pharmacological and experimental approaches corroborate the therapeutic benefits long attributed to Indian spices giving their traditional therapeutic use a scientific basis. Various parts of plants are used as spices to prepare food recipes. Still this review considered that these particular plants have some important roles and also mentioned their chemistry pharmacological activity and traditional use as folk medicine.
Banana's Treasure Trove: Unlocking the Nutritional and Medicinal Power of Musa Varieties”
This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the Musa genus focusing on its significance diversity cultivation practices commercial applications and impact on health and well-being. The introduction highlights the economic importance of the Musa genus particularly bananas and plantains as globally consumed fruit crops. It emphasizes their role in food security poverty alleviation and rural development. The classification and diversity of Musa species are discussed with a focus on recent advancements in understanding their genetic diversity and evolutionary history. The geographical distribution and cultivation practices of Musa varieties are explored including major production regions in India and worldwide. The article also delves into the various bioactive compounds found in Musa varieties their potential therapeutic uses and their significance in wound healing anti-cancer activity and diabetes management. The commercial applications of Musa varieties in the food pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries are highlighted. Furthermore the safety and adverse effects of Musa varieties are addressed drawing from toxicological studies. The importance of Musa varieties in promoting health and well-being is emphasized considering their medicinal properties nutritional composition cultural significance and potential for commercial applications. The article concludes by highlighting the need for further research and utilization of Musa varieties to maximize their benefits and contribute to human health and well-being.
Development of Anthocyanin Fortified Black Rice Based Sandesh: A Comparative Study with White Rice Sandesh on Physical Characteristics, Sensory Attributes, Nutritional Quality, and Antioxidant Capacity
Black rice (Oryza sativa L. indica) is rich in anthocyanins and flavonoids offering the potential to fortify sandesh a traditional dairy sweet as a functional food. This study aims to develop anthocyanin-fortified black rice sandesh and compare its proximate composition physical properties sensory attributes nutritional quality antioxidant capacity and shelf-life with white rice sandesh.
Black rice Sandesh was prepared by incorporating black rice flour at 10% (BRFS-1) 15% (BRFS-2) and 20% (BRFS-3) into channa while the control used 10% white rice. Both experimental and control sandesh were analysed for sensory colour and textural properties along with their proximate composition nutritional and functional properties. The microbiological analysis during storage of the Sandesh samples was also assessed.
BRFS-2 had the highest sensory score while increasing black rice raised hardness gumminess and chewiness but lowered cohesiveness. Higher black rice levels reduced moisture increased carbohydrates and decreased protein and fat. BRFS-3 had the highest mineral (Ca P Fe) and anthocyanin content absent in the control. Polyphenols flavonoids DPPH activity and FRAP values were also highest in BRFS-3. Microbiological analysis showed reduced coliform counts at 15% and 20% black rice by day 8 of storage.
The present study indicates that sandesh can be successfully prepared with up to 15% black rice offering heightened taste and sensory qualities nutritional value and higher antioxidant capacity with higher anthocyanin levels compared to the control sandesh. Further investigations can be conducted to assess the storage stability of black rice sandesh.
Water-soluble Pequi Almond Extract: A Novel Probiotic and Sustainable Beverage
The edible pulp of pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Cambess.) is the most valued component of the fruit and is used for human consumption. However when into food a significant amount of waste is produced and could impact the environment. Therefore reusing these by-products such as pequi almonds as an alternative for new product development is a proposal for sustainable consumption. Adding probiotic microorganisms isolated from plant matrices such as by-products cerrado fruits makes it an even more sustainable and accessible option for the vegan population.
The present study aimed to characterize the pequi almond extract supplemented with potentially probiotic microorganisms (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum/pentosus M3 and M1) isolated from cerrado fruit by-products as a fermented beverage.
The effects of fermentation on viable cell counts and physicochemical properties such as pH soluble solids and color were assessed on the day of processing before fermentation after fermentation after 7 days and 14 days during storage of the preparation at 8°C.
The counts of potentially probiotic cultures M1 and M3 showed an inverse correlation with the sample pH indicating greater bacterial adaptation. The higher survival of strains in water-soluble pequi almond extract (WSPAE) may be associated with the isolation matrix being part of the same matrix to which they were added. No differences were observed in the total soluble solids and color of the preparations added with M1 and M3.
WSPAE demonstrated protective effects for the maintenance and survival of the tested strains. These findings support the potential use of these strains in plant-based probiotic beverages as a sustainable alternative to dairy products.
Probiotic Interventions in Psoriasis: The Therapeutic Promise of Bifidobacterium infantis
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterised by an overactive immune response which leads to rapid skin cell turnover. It is influenced by a combination of genetic immunological and environmental factors manifesting in various forms such as plaque guttate pustular and erythrodermic psoriasis each with distinct clinical features. Recent studies highlight the role of gut dysbiosis an imbalance in gut microbiota as a contributing factor to psoriasis exacerbation. Disruptions in the gut microbiome can influence immune responses and inflammatory pathways potentially worsening the condition. Bifidobacterium infantis (B. infantis) a probiotic strain has emerged as a potential therapeutic agent among the promising interventions. Research indicates that B. infantis may help restore microbiome balance reduce systemic inflammation and modulate immune responses in psoriasis patients. Specifically B. infantis has been shown to decrease pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-17 and TNF-alpha both of which are crucial drivers of psoriasis. Moreover
B. infantis enhances gut barrier function which may reduce systemic inflammation and improve skin lesions. Clinical studies have demonstrated improvements in the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores as well as enhancements in the quality of life for patients receiving B. infantis supplementation. These findings underscore the potential of probiotics as a novel adjunctive therapy for psoriasis management either as a standalone treatment or in combination with conventional therapies. Further studies are needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms by which B. infantis modulates immune responses determine optimal dosing regimens and assess the potential benefits of combining probiotics with traditional psoriasis treatments. Such research could pave the way for more personalised microbiome-based therapeutic approaches in psoriasis care.