Current Cell Science - Current Issue

Neoplasm metastasis is a multi-step process with a high rate of cancer mortality (>60%). Several complex pathogenesis pathways and key therapeutic targets are unclear to us now. To change this scenario, effective drug targets and underlying mechanisms should be found, and high-quality metastasis treatment should be supported. Aberrant tumor sialylation was proposed as a putative drug target candidate to bridge the gaps between metastatic spread and drug responses (genetic, molecular, and animal models). More recently, several promising therapeutic mechanisms and benefits against neoplasm metastasis have been observed by potential association for the target of higher levels and diverse forms of sialic acids (sia) analogues, antigens, glycan, sialylation enzymes, and conjugates. Subsequently, sia-related pathophysiology in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic responses has been reviewed. New algorithms, computation, experimental evaluations, and modern technology might see breakthroughs in therapeutic targets, responses, and immune regulation via sialylation enzymes, associated genes, different glycol conjugates, and other hallmarks of cancer.

Anticancer drug development is becoming complex and demanding because human cancer leads to 12% of global human mortality. Chemical and pharmacological breakthroughs play leading roles in updating drug evaluation and development for different types of tumors.

Chemical and pharmacological breakthroughs manifest in different facets. A large proportion of financial and workload increases in drug discovery must be paid off. In front of complexity, difficulties, and financial increase of drug development, evaluative promotion must go miniature-wise and single-cell-wise. Multi-omics knowledge and technology are greatly expanded and understood in depth. This type of technical trend is suitable for current experimental exploration and clinical occasions. Technical and pharmacologic advances are especially emphasized to address this trend.

Presently, the anticancer pharmaceutical study is multi-faceted and risk-taking. To keep up this momentum, multi-disciplinary drug evaluation, clinical selection, and combination principles should be discovered. Past and futuristic chemical and pharmacological interactions and breakthroughs are discussed.

In summary, the landscape of pharmaceutical investigation should be integrated with chemical and pharmacological knowledge in every facet of drug development and clinical personalization.

The favourable results of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy in the management of hematologic malignancies have heightened the formerly unparalleled enthusiasm for employing this novel strategy in the treatment of diverse types of human malignancies. Although there has been a lot of study on increasing the effectiveness of these cells in solid tumors, few studies have examined challenges and potential fixes. A number of the main challenges that CAR-T-cells face include confined trafficking and penetration into the tumour zone, hypoxic and immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment (TME), antigen escape and heterogeneity, CAR-T-cell fatigue, and intense incurable toxicities. Beyond these constraints, CAR designs must expand their applicability to a wider variety of malignancies by surpassing the standard architectures. In order to overcome current obstacles and improve the efficacy and materiality of this therapeutic manner, investigators are combining many medicinal approaches with a broad range of engineering solutions.