Current Molecular Pharmacology - Volume 17, Issue 1, 2024

Background:Amplification of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase II, EC 1,1,1,205 (IMPDH2) has been reported in various cancers, which results in transformation and tumorigenicity. In our current work, we have explored the oncogenic properties and the underlying pathophysiology of IMPDH2 in hepatoblastoma (HB).Methods:To investigate IMPDH2 expression in HB tissues and prognostic significance in HB patients, gen Read More

Background: Lung cancer (LC) incidence is rising globally and is reflected as a leading cause of cancer-associated deaths. Lung cancer leads to multistage carcinogenesis with gradually increasing genetic and epigenetic changes. Aims: Sanguinarine (sang) mediated the anticancer effect in LCC lines by involving the stimulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), impeding Bcl2, and enhancing Bax and other apoptosis-associat Read More

Introduction Endometrial cancer is one of the most common gynecological malignancies. Endometrial cancer cells express the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and its receptor (GnRH-R). Among the various therapeutic approaches for the treatment of endometrial cancer is the use of GnRH conjugates, such as the AN-152, created by linking the (D-Lys6) GnRH with the cytotoxic doxorubicin through an ester bond. Read More

Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (IRI) is a paradoxical phenomenon where removing the source of injury can cause additional damage. Ischemia reduces ATP production and intracellular pH, reducing oxidative reactions, increasing lactic acid release, and activating anaerobic metabolism. Reperfusion restores aerobic respiration and increases ROS production, leading to malfunction of transmembrane transport, activation Read More

Introduction: This work aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and myorelaxant effect of thymol (TM) and carvacrol (CAR) in the pregnant rat uterus. Both compounds exhibit considerable antimicrobial, antispasmodic, and anti-inflammatory effects and due to these properties, they were studied in this in vitro model of premature birth induced by infection. Method: All uterine tissues were studied in uterine contraction tests Read More

Guanine nucleotide exchange factor H1 (GEF-H1) is a unique protein modulated by the GDP/GTP exchange. As a regulator of the Rho-GTPase family, GEF-H1 can be activated through a microtubule-depended mechanism and phosphorylation regulation, enabling it to perform various pivotal biological functions across multiple cellular activities. These include the regulation of Rho-GTPase, cytoskeleton formation, cellular barrie Read More

Background The most prevalent extracranial solid tumor in childhood is neuroblastoma (NB), which arises from undifferentiated neural crest cells. However, the prognosis of this condition remains unfavorable, and the underlying mechanisms of its origin are still elusive. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the specific mechanism underlying NEAT1-1 in NB. Methods In this study, the expressions of NEAT1-1, miR-873-5p, Read More

Background:Nicosulfuron, a widely used herbicide in crops, has raised concerns due to its escalating presence as an environmental pollutant, particularly in soil and water. The potential adverse effects of nicosulfuron on animals, including reproductive toxicity, have garnered attention.Objective:The study aimed to evaluate the reproductive toxicity of nicosulfuron in male mice.Methods:Male mice were orally a Read More

Background Post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) constitutes a distinct subtype of osteoarthritis (OA). Despite extensive research, no effective pharmacological intervention has been established to prevent or halt the progression of PTOA. Current therapeutic approaches are primarily limited to symptomatic management and pain relief. SkQ1, a novel mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, has emerged as a promising ther Read More

Gynecological cancers are serious life-threatening diseases responsible for high morbidity and mortality around the world. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery are considered standard therapeutic modalities for these cancers. Since the mentioned treatments have undesirable side effects and are not effective enough, further attempts are required to explore potent complementary and/or alternative treatments Read More

Background Diabetes mellitus type-1 is an immunological disease associated with low insulin release and hyperglycemia due to beta cell loss. No clear studies show the relationship between the coagulation cascade activation and diabetes mellitus type-1 development. Objective The present work aimed to clarify the function of the active coagulation system in the progression of diabetes mellitus type-1 (T1DM). Furthermore, t Read More

Background Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common and severe complication of Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Dihydromyricetin (DHM) is a flavonoid compound with potential cardioprotective effects, but the mechanism of DHM in diabetes-induced myocardial damage and autophagy is not fully understood. Objective The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of DHM on cardiac function and pathological features of DCM, Read More

Background:Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease recognized by elevated activity of autoimmune cells, loss of tolerance, and decreased regulatory T cells producing inhibitory cytokines. Despite many efforts, the definitive treatment for lupus has not been fully understood. Curcumin (CUR) and berberine (BBR) have significant immunomodulatory roles and anti-inflammatory properties that Read More

Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic targets. Although accumulating studies have identified Ferredoxin 1 (FDX1), a key regulator of cuproptosis, as a candidate tumor suppressor and potential therapeutic target, its role and mechanism remain elusive in HCC. Methods The FDX1 expression was investiga Read More

Background Androgen receptor mutations, particularly T877A and W741L, promote prostate cancer (PCa). The main therapies against PCa use androgen receptor (AR) antagonists, including Bicalutamide; but these drugs lose their effectiveness over time. Chrysin is a flavonoid with several biological activities, including antitumoral properties; however, its potential as an antiandrogen must be explored. Objective The present Read More

Alnustone (4(E)-,6(E)-1,7-Diphenyl-hepta-4,6-dien-3-one) is a non-phenolic natural diarylheptanoid, which was first isolated and identified from the male flower of Alnus pendula (Betulaceae). It can also be isolated from Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb (Zingiberaceae) rhizomes and Alpinia katsumadai Hayata (Zingiberaceae) seeds. It was first synthesized through a five-step process from β-phenyl propionyl chloride. In later Read More

Mitosis of somatic cells produces a daughter cell. Apoptosis, a naturally programmed cellular death mechanism, kills abnormal cells produced by mitosis. Cancer can develop when this equilibrium is disrupted, either by an upsurge in cell propagation or a reduction in tissue demise. Cancer therapy aims to cause cancer cells to die while inflicting little harm to healthy cells. This review of apoptotic mechanism processes impr Read More

Background:Pancreatic fibrosis is a hallmark feature of chronic pancreatitis (CP), resulting in persistent damage to the pancreas. The sustained activation of pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) plays a pivotal role in the progression of pancreatic fibrosis and is a major source of extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition during pancreatic injury.Methods:Calpain is a calcium-independent lysosomal neutral cysteine endopeptidase an Read More

Background: This study aimed to investigate the influence of Notch1 on c-Fos and the effect of c-Fos on the proliferation of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)-infected neuronal cells. Methods: Real-time PCR and western blotting were used to determine c-Fos expression levels in KSHV-infected (SK-RG) and uninfected SH-SY5Y cells. C-Fos levels were measured again in SK-RG cells with or without Notch1 kn Read More