Natural Products Journal, The - Volume 15, Issue 6, 2025

There is a research gap about applying titania–graphene oxide (GO-TiO2) nanocomposite and coronatine as elicitors in the cell suspension culture of T. baccata.

The effects of two elicitors of GO-TiO2 (30 µg/L) and coronatine (10 µM) were examined to improve the production of five different taxanes in the cell suspension culture of T. baccata.

The suspension culture was prepared from the callus of T. baccata stems explant. Next, both elicitors of coronatine (10 µM) and GO-TiO2 (30 µg/L) were applied, sampling occurred 2, 4, 16 days after elicitation, and all five taxanes were quantified using HPLC.

The amounts of 10-DAB III ranged from 0.84 mg/L (for control) to 9.17 mg/L (day 16 after elicitation with GO-TiO2). The production of BAC III ranged from zero (for control) to 7.69 mg/L (day 4 with GO-TiO2). The maximum production of 10-deacetyltaxol was observed in control on day 16 with the amount of 1.85 mg/L, followed by a lower level of 0.825 mg/L on day 2 with coronatine treatment. Considering cephalomannine, only elicitation of GO-TiO2 over all three different sampling times (i.e., days 2, 4, and 16) resulted in sensible quantities. The maximum magnitudes of taxol were acquired when GO-TiO2 was applied on day 4 and day 16 (1.345 mg/L and 0.965 mg/L, respectively).

The results indicated the potential positive effects of both elicitors, particularly GO-TiO2 nanocomposite, to improve taxanes production.

Forsythia-4 is an herbal formula commonly used in traditional Mongolian Medicinal clinics to treat peptic ulcers. However, the mechanism of its pharmacological components has not yet been fully characterized.

The study aimed to evaluate the biological basis for the clinical prevention and preventive treatment of uncontrolled liver function caused by metabolomics from Forsythia-4 to investigate the intervention mechanism in rats with liver injury caused by pyloric ligation (PL).

PL was performed to induce gastric and duodenal ulcers in rats, which were then treated with oral Forsythia-4 (Solongga-4) for 15 days. PL-induced Liver Damage. Therapeutic effects were characterized by pathological and histological evaluations, and inflammatory indicators were analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Microarray analyses were conducted to identify liver tissue gene expression profiles in PL rats with or without Forsythia-4 treatment and detected chemical composition by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS/MS.

Forsythia-4's effects on rat serum revealed that the levels of ALT and AST in the model group were significantly higher (p < 0.01) than in the control group and that they were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the medication administration group than in the model group. The contents of BILD2 and SBIL3 in the model group were considerably higher (p < 0.01) compared with the control group and significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the medication administration group compared with the model group. These effects of Forsythia-4 in serum with pyloric ligation liver injury. In rats with liver damage brought on by pyloric ligation, Forsythia-4's serum metabolic profile study revealed 25 metabolic alterations from the model group and 39 metabolites from the drug administration group. IGFBP1, which was upregulated in the model group compared to the control group and down-regulated in the administration group compared to the model group, was the regulator of the differential metabolite's pathway for arachidonic acid metabolism.

Pyloric ligation can alter the regulation of the IGFBP1 factor in the pathway that produces adipose tissue, and after Forsythia-4 intervention, the regulation of the IGFBP1 factor in the route that produces adipose tissue returns to normal.

Secondary metabolites from the mangrove-derived fungi have great potential to produce natural products with novel structures and significant biological activities.

The objective of this study was to isolate and identify the secondary metabolites from the mangrove-derived fungus Trichoderma sp. WHUF0342, and evaluate their antibacterial activities.

The compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 gel chromatography, and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Their structures were elucidated by comparing the NMR and MS spectroscopic data with those of literature. The antibacterial activity were evaluated by modified broth microdilution assay.

Eight compounds were isolated from the fermented extracts of the fungus Trichoderma sp. WHUF0342 and identified as chaxine B (1), nafuredin (2), dichlorodiaportin (3), ferulaic acid (4), bis(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate (5), methyl 4-hydroxyphenylacetate (6), 4-hydroxyphenyl acetate (7), and 4-hydroxyphenylethyl acetate (8). Chaxine B (1) showed antibacterial activity against the phytopathogenic bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 16 μg/mL. The antibacterial activity against plant pathogen of compound 1 was reported for the first time in this study.

This study not only enriched the secondary metabolites of mangrove-derived fungi but also provided a valuable resource for the prevention of agricultural pathogen infections.