Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry - Current Issue

Transition metal-free annulation/cascade reactions have been embraced as a powerful synthetic tool to access carbo/heterocyclic molecules. Among them, benzyne chemistry gained significant interest due to the formation of diverse functionalized arenes via unusual carbon-carbon (C-C) or carbon-heteroatom (C-O, C-N, C-S) bond-formation under different reaction conditions. In this review, few dynamic methods have been documented to construct the synthetically and pharmaceutically valuable indazole scaffolds using benzyne precursor and various other coupling partners. In this mini-review, we have described the recent progress on metal-free cascade strategies, highlighting the contribution from several synthetic chemists, including our research work. Specific attention has been paid to offer the detailed mechanistic pathway to explain the developed methodologies.

Chitin is widely recognized as a highly abundant polymer found throughout the planet. This serves as a fundamental basis for the production of chitosan through deacetylation. Chitosan is non-toxic and biodegradable, making it highly suitable for applications as a biomaterial and in the development of drug delivery systems. However, the limited solubility of chitosan in neutral or alkaline environments has hindered its use in pharmacology and biology. Chitosan can undergo carboxymethylation, which enhances its water solubility while maintaining its biodegradability and compatibility with living organisms. Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) is a derivative of chitosan that is soluble in water and exhibits enhanced biological and physicochemical properties compared to chitosan. The CMC, or modified CMC, is a highly versatile agent with many applications. It has shown great promise in drug delivery, wound healing, bioimaging, biosensors, tissue engineering, and gene therapy. This study investigates the properties and potential applications of materials derived from carboxymethyl chitosan. These materials have attracted significant interest due to their versatility and fascinating possibilities in biomedical nanodevices and controlled-release medication formulations.

Benzimidazole, discovered in 1872, is a heterocyclic compound noted for its pharmacological activities. It and its derivatives can be synthesized through methods such as condensation reactions and using nano-based nanoparticles as catalysts. Recent environmentally friendly methods include microwaves, ultrasound, and photochemical reactions. its derivatives are known for their diverse medicinal applications.

Benzimidazole and its derivatives are versatile compounds with a wide range of pharmacological activities. Their synthesis has evolved over time, incorporating various environmentally friendly methods such as microwave, ultrasound, and photochemical reactions. The continued exploration of these compounds and their synthesis methods holds great promise for the development of new and effective medicinal applications.

Here, we provide an overview of benzimidazole, highlighting its historical significance, various synthesis methods, and extensive range of pharmacological activities. It aims to emphasize the importance of benzimidazole and its derivatives in medicinal chemistry and their potential therapeutic applications. The review also notes the development of environmentally friendly synthesis techniques, reflecting advancements in the field.

This review is about a class of plant polyphenols known as Stilbenes. Resveratrol – the first stilbene was extracted from White Hellebore in 1940, since then 400 plus stilbene derivatives have been discovered. The core purpose of this paper is to summarize the history, extraction sources, biosynthesis and chemical synthesis and applications of stilbenes. Apart from biosynthesis, its novel derivatives are being synthesized in laboratories. This class of compounds has extensive clinical (including antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory activities etc.) and industrial applications such as optical dyes, laser dyes, scintillators, etc.