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image of Microrna Expression in Aurelia aurita Metamorphosis

Abstract

Introduction

In animal taxa and jellyfish, the same genome encodes for the different phenotypes that characterize life stages that follow each other during ontogeny. This situation underscores the existence of profound regulation of genomic information at the epigenetic level. MicroRNAs are fundamental epigenetic regulators. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of microRNA regulation during jellyfish metamorphosis and to explore the existence of evolutionarily conserved microRNAs.

Methods

Specimens belonging to the 4-metamorphosis stages of (polyps, ephyra, young, and adult jellyfish) were bred and collected. The expression of 2,549 miRNAs for each stage was tested using microarray technology. The comparison of microRNA expression for each phase was performed using line plot analysis and Principal Component Analysis of variance (PCA), while the identification of microRNA clusters was performed volcano plot analysis.

Results

A remarkable number of miRNAs specifically hybridize with a human miRNA library. Each metamorphosis stage is characterized by a different level of expression of miRNAs: 1) Polyp vs. Ephyra stage: 128 upregulated, 2 downregulated; 2) Ephyra vs. Young stage: 2 upregulated, 135 downregulated; 3) Young vs. Adult stage: 69 upregulated, 6 downregulated. Specific functions inferred from known activities of corresponding miRNAs in higher animals (PubMed database) appear to be coherent with the correlated experimental model.

Discussion

Present results reveal that microRNAs with human homologs undergo specific expression changes throughout metamorphosis. This observation reinforces the hypothesis of a shared evolutionary origin of certain miRNA families between Cnidaria and Bilateria. The dynamic and stage-specific regulation pattern observed suggests that miRNAs play a key role in orchestrating the complex transitions involved in jellyfish development. These findings point to a broader conservation of epigenetic mechanisms, such as miRNA-mediated gene silencing, which may have emerged early in metazoan evolution and contributed to the regulation of cell differentiation and phenotype modulation.

Conclusion

The present study highlights the importance of as a model for investigating miRNA-driven epigenetic regulation in non-bilaterian animals. The identification of human-homologous miRNAs provides novel insights into the evolutionary stability of the epigenetic machinery and suggests conserved regulatory functions across distant taxa. Although limited by the use of a human-based microarray platform, the data presented here lay a solid foundation for future studies employing sequencing and functional assays to further explore the role of miRNAs in cnidarian development and evolution.

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2025-10-28
2025-11-02

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/content/journals/mirna/10.2174/0122115366376242250622154915
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Microrna Expression in Aurelia aurita Metamorphosis
Bentham Science Publishers ; https://doi.org/10.2174/0122115366376242250622154915
/content/journals/mirna/10.2174/0122115366376242250622154915
/content/journals/mirna/10.2174/0122115366376242250622154915
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  • Article Type:     Research Article
Keywords: microRNA ; Epigenetic ; jellyfish ; Aurelia aurita ; epigenetic regulation ; metamorphosis
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