Current Nanoscience - Online First

Introduction: Due to its magnetic and semiconductor properties, V2O5 has shown tremendous potential in resistive switching memory. Method: Therefore, this paper investigates the resistive mechanism of oxygen vacancies in V2O5. The formation energies of different oxygen vacancies are calculated. Results: The results indicate that oxygen vacancies tend to form single-component conductive filaments. In mixed oxygen vacancies clusters, the charge transfer characteristics and density of states of the V2O5-VO¹³ vacancies are the most significant, which is consistent with the analysis of formation energy data. Conclusions: Additionally, the charge transfer of cluster oxygen vacancies was calculated, showing that V atoms directly connected to oxygen vacancies tend to lose electrons, while adjacent oxygen atoms are more likely to gain electrons. In V2O5-VO¹² and V2O5-VO¹³, the number of electrons obtained by O2 and O16 exceeds the average by 36.4% and 33.2%. Thus, the formation of oxygen vacancies effectively improves the resistance characteristics of the V2O5.

Introduction: With the advancement of technology, nanotechnology has emerged as a prominent research field. The Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) serves as a vital tool in nanoscience and technology, playing an indispensable role across various domains. Method: However, in the AFM photoelectric sensing system, the optical feedback noise from the beam deflection method can lead to inaccuracies in signal identification and analysis, impacting the accuracy and reliability of AFM measurements. To mitigate this interference, this study proposes a high-frequency current superposition system aimed at reducing optical feedback noise. By superimposing high-frequency currents, the semiconductor laser transitions from a single-mode to a multi-mode operational state, thereby altering its mode of operation and consequently reducing optical feedback noise during sensing. Initially, mathematical modeling and simulation analysis were conducted on the high-frequency current superposition noise reduction system to examine the impact of high-frequency current on the intensity noise of the semiconductor laser. Subsequently, the design of the high-frequency current superposition noise reduction system was outlined, encompassing the development of a constant current drive circuit, a voltage-controlled oscillator circuit, and a biasing circuit. Finally, the high-frequency current superposition noise reduction system underwent testing. Results: During the high-frequency current superposition noise reduction test, the system's Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) increased from 15.57 dB to 17.81 dB, and the system's noise peak-to-peak value decreased from 8 mV to 6 mV. Analysis of the superposition frequency and noise reduction effect determined the optimal superposition frequency of the AFM photoelectric sensor system to be 400 MHz. Characterization experiments of the high-frequency superposition noise reduction system compared the clarity of Escherichia coli images before and after noise reduction. Conclusion: The aforementioned experimental results demonstrated that high-frequency current superposition is an effective noise reduction method capable of mitigating optical noise in the AFM photoelectric sensing system.

Nanoparticles are essential tools used in manipulating plants, and there is a wide variety of nanoparticles, each with its own uses for different plants. Plants undergo minuscule gene manipulations that give them advantages and endurance. When particles are reduced to the nanometer scale, they exhibit a high surface area to volume ratio, resulting in unique properties that allow for systematic applications in engineering, biomedical, agricultural, and related fields. Nanomaterials can be created through bottom-up or top-down procedures using physical, chemical, and organic synthesis methods. This review study explores the use of different nano materials in the agricultural sector and the impact of silica nanoparticles, metal oxide, and metal nanoparticles on plant metabolic processes. Additionally, the impacts of nanoparticles on microbes, bacteria, and other pathogens are also being analyzed.

The utilization of nanotechnology in developing novel packaging components has grown significantly in recent years, and it is anticipated to have a significant influence on the food industry shortly. It offers to produce food packaging with improved qualities that will assist food goods in lasting longer on the shelf. The present article comprehensively discusses the nanoparticles commonly used in food packaging, the significant changes they bring to the qualities of the material, and the commercially available packaging materials based on nanotechnology. This review primarily focuses on using nanotechnologies in food processing and packaging, explicitly examining their impact on food quality and safety. To comprehend the function of enhanced, active, and antimicrobial packaging in food packaging. The utilization of nanotechnology in food products has experienced a significant surge in popularity in both developed and developing nations. The review was obtained from searches conducted on academic databases such as Sci-Hub, Google Scholar, PubMed, etc. Collected data from many sources has been compiled and presented here to facilitate further research on the application of nanotechnology in food packaging. In the current review, we also discussed the different organic and inorganic nanomaterials. The article also discusses consumer health and safety concerns, highlighting the significance of thorough safety assessments and clear communication. Nanotechnology has numerous uses in diverse areas of food technology. This analysis examines the potential of nanotechnology to improve the quality and safety of packaged food. Nanotechnology in food packaging is highly encouraging, providing substantial advantages in terms of food preservation, safety, and sustainability. This paper offers a thorough examination of present trends, technological progress, and future predictions to provide a full understanding of how nanotechnology can fundamentally transform food packaging. This transformation will enable the development of creative, environmentally friendly, and more secure food systems.

Foodborne diseases (FBDs) are a major global public health problem, causing millions of deaths annually and substantial economic losses. Antimicrobial treatment is increasingly challenged by bacterial resistance. Essential oils from herbs and spices, such as carvacrol from thyme and oregano, offer potential solutions due to their broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties. However, its stability and its controlled release are affected by media and environmental conditions. Nanoencapsulation presents a promising alternative to address these challenges. This review analyzes 44 original papers and 21 patents concerning the recent advancements in the nanoencapsulation of carvacrol over the past decade, focusing on natural matrices and their applications in food, packaging, and human health fields. Various encapsulation techniques and matrices have been explored, demonstrating that nanoencapsulation can maintain the stability and antimicrobial efficacy of carvacrol. Moreover, nanoencapsulated carvacrol shows promising applications in inhibiting biofilm formation and quorum sensing, as well as exhibiting anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects. Patents related to nanoencapsulated carvacrol highlight its potential for intelligent packaging and healthcare. Nanoencapsulated carvacrol is a promising alternative to synthetic antimicrobials and as an adjuvant in inflammatory disease treatments and cancer, offering enhanced efficacy and versatility in applications.