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image of Improved Efficacy of Burdock-loaded Nano-emulsion Gel in Acne Vulgaris Treatment by the Quality by Design Approach

Abstract

Introduction

Acne vulgaris is a dermatological condition that significantly affects the physical appearance and quality of life of patients. The emergence of antibiotic resistance has compromised the therapeutic efficacy of antibiotics in acne management. Burdock is a water-soluble bioactive agent that exhibits antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties.

Methods

Burdock was loaded into w/o/w nano-emulsion using the reverse titration method. The globule size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, and percentage cumulative drug release of the nano-emulsion were evaluated. The nano-emulsion was incorporated into a Carbopol 940 (0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% w/w) gel, and the drug permeability of the nano-emulsion gel was evaluated. The formulations of the nano-emulsion were optimized using the Box-Behnken design.

Results

The Burdock was loaded into w/o/w nano-emulsion by applying the Quality by Design (QbD) approach considering the effect of the factors (phase volume ratio: PVR, time of primary emulsification: TPE, and concentration of Transcutol P: TLP) on globule size (GS) and % entrapment efficiency (%EE) of the drug.

Discussion

The optimized nano-emulsion was prepared using Burdock and showed a GS of 176.2 nm and an EE of 99.24% with a PVR of 4.60, a TPE of 3.1 minutes, and a TLP concentration of 8.92%.

Conclusion

The optimized nano-emulsion was transformed into a gel and characterized for morphology, viscosity, pH, drug content, in-vitro release, and ex vivo drug permeation. Finally, skin irritation study and histopathological evaluation suggested that the obtained nano-emulsion gel was effective in the treatment of Acne vulgaris.

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2025-08-28
2025-12-14

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Improved Efficacy of Burdock-loaded Nano-emulsion Gel in Acne Vulgaris Treatment by the Quality by Design Approach
Bentham Science Publishers ; https://doi.org/10.2174/0115748855379987250812064127
/content/journals/cdth/10.2174/0115748855379987250812064127
/content/journals/cdth/10.2174/0115748855379987250812064127
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  • Article Type:     Research Article
Keywords: W/O/W nano-emulsion ; antioxidant ; Burdock ; nano-emulsion gel ; QbD ; acne vulgaris

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