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2000
Volume 3, Issue 1
  • ISSN: 2210-299X
  • E-ISSN: 2210-3007
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Abstract

Background

The presence of synthetic dyes like Congo Red in wastewater poses serious and persistent environmental health hazards as a result of their toxicity and stability. Therefore, developing an efficient and reusable adsorbents for the elimination of dye is quite important in order to address water pollution challenges.

Objective

The study aims to classify the efficacy of sodium borohydride-reduced Bent/Fe NPs and crude bentonite in removing Congo Red dye from aqueous solutions.

Methods

Sodium Borohydride was utilized in order to synthesize Bent/Fe NPs, dragging its reducing capacities in order to enhance its adsorption properties. Batch adsorption experiments were performed in order to estimate the removal efficacy under multiple conditions consisting of initial dye concentration, pH and contact time. Adsorption isotherms and kinetics were analyzed using Freundlich and pseudo-second-order models.

Results

Bent/Fe NPs exhibited significant removal efficiency, reaching up to 91.97% removal of Congo Red dye with an initial concentration of 40 mg/L in alkaline conditions. Adsorption data was found to align well with the Freundlich isotherm model, signifying heterogeneous adsorption sites. It also fitted well with pseudo-second-order kinetic model indicating that chemisorption is the dominant mechanism taking place. Also, the adsorbent displayed excellent reusability, preserving substantial efficiency up to three cycles.

Conclusion

Sodium borohydride reduced Bent/Fe NPs offer an assuring, efficient and reusable solution for Congo Red dye removal from aqueous solution. The high adsorption capacity and, its affinity with alkaline conditions and its excellent reusability make them a feasible choice for wastewater treatment applications.

2025 © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Bentham Science Publisher. The Author(s)
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2025-01-01
2025-08-13

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Optimizing Congo Red Dye Removal Using Sodium Borohydride-reduced Bent/Fe NPs and Bentonite in Aqueous Solutions
Curr. Indian Sci. 3, E2210299X370390 (2025); https://doi.org/10.2174/012210299X370390250429053029
/content/journals/cis/10.2174/012210299X370390250429053029
/content/journals/cis/10.2174/012210299X370390250429053029
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  • Article Type:     Research Article
Keyword(s): Adsorption; Aqueous solution; Bentonite; Congo Red; Dyes; Metallic nanoparticles; NaBH4 reduction

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