Anti-proliferative Effects of Cuminum cyminum Extraction by Co-administration of Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH) Nanosheets on SW480 Colorectal Cancer Cell Line through Apoptosis Induction

Background: Colorectal cancer (CC) is common cancer in humans and one of the major causes of cancer death worldwide. Recently, several therapeutic methods of CC and other malignancies have been developed, but drug resistance is an important problem in cancer treatment. Therefore, identifying and providing novel chemotherapeutic agents is important for treating malignancies. Objective: In the present study, we investigated the anti-cancer activity of Cuminum cyminum extraction using layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanosheets on the SW480 CC cell line. Methods: The anti-cancer activity of C. cyminum extraction and LDH nanosheets were investigated on the SW480 CC cell line by MTT assay. The mRNA expression of apoptosis-related genes (BAX and BCL2) was investigated by the Real-Time PCR method. Results: Our results revealed that extraction of C. cyminum significantly decreased proliferation and viability of SW480 CC cell line in a concentration-time-dependent manner. However, the antiproliferation effects of C. cyminum extraction by co-administration of LDH nanosheets were significantly more than its monotherapy. Moreover, the expression of BAX and BCL2 genes in the treated SW480 cells was significantly upregulated and downregulated, respectively. Conclusion: The present study generally revealed significant anti-cancer effects of C. cyminum extraction and LDH nanosheets combination on SW480 CC cells, which may be due to apoptosis induction.