Recent Patents on Nanotechnology - Volume 9, Issue 3, 2015

The various approaches have been utilized in the treatment of a variety of diseases by applying drug delivery system such as polymeric nanoparticles, self-emulsifying delivery systems, liposomes, microemulsions and micellar solutions. Recently, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) and lipid-drug conjugates (LDCs) have been exploited as a carrier of lipophilic and hydrophilic/amphiphilic substances for invasive and non-invasive routes of delivery. SLNs are colloidal drug carrier system and are like nanoemulsion, however, the lipid content in SLNs is solid in nature. These novel type of lipid nanoparticles with solid matrix offers to develop new prototype therapeutics in drug delivery, which could be used for controlled release, drug targeting, gene therapy, physical and chemical stability and site-specific drug delivery and thereby attracted the research groups worldwide. This manuscript overviews the recent patents, advantages, formulation techniques, stability aspects and applications of SLNs.

Nowadays, in pharmaceutical industries, the attention on nanosized materials is growing gradually due to their wide applications in drug delivery systems. Recently, out of different nanosize systems, nanosuspension system has undergone a lot of interest in such a way to rectify the solubility and bioavailability problem due to their technical simplicity and cost-effectiveness property compared to other colloidal systems. Nanosuspension technology has proven that it can be a superior substitute over alternative approaches, which are available for enhancing the bioavailability of different drugs having low solubility. Since today, nanosuspensions have been greatly evolved for a huge number of drugs and also investigated for their potential applications. The various unique features make the nanosuspension to enable their utilization in numerous dosage forms and given through different routes, including parenteral, oral, topical, peroral, ocular and pulmonary routes. A large number of products grounded in nanosuspension technology are present in the market, and some are on the way. In fact, the number of such types of products is much more in comparison of other nanotechnologies based products. Additionally, the different preparation methods used to prepare the nanosuspensions are also well- established and patented. This article reviews the recent research, advances in formulation and their approaches related to nanosuspensions with emphasis given on different patents related to nanosuspension methods.

Nanomaterials are promising in the field of optical sensors due to their unique properties. Emeraldine base of polyaniline (Nano EB-PANI) was prepared, characterized and applied as an optical formaldehyde sensor. FTIR data confirm the formation of the EB-PANI. TEM and SEM revealed the size and shape of the nanoscale EB-PANI. XRD showed that the obtained nano EB-PANI has a partial crystalline nature. The sensing mechanism is based on the reaction of formaldehyde with Nano EB-PANI- to form a complex as described by molecular modeling HF/3-21G** level of theory. Results showed that Nano EB-PANI- detect low concentrations of formaldehyde ranging from 0.0003 to 0.9 ppm in a dosedependent manner. The molecular modeling theory analysis showed that formaldehyde could interact with the amine of EB-PANI in, ring 3 or 4 or both together. The binding energy and dipole moment of the interaction between formaldehyde and polyaniline nanosensor were calculated by HF/3-21g** level of theory. The interaction with ring 3-NH gives a less stable product with a high dipole moment 6.978 Debye comparing with 1.678 Debye for the product of formaldehyde interaction with the terminal ring 4-NH. The development of such novel EB-PANI nanosensor can be used as, reliable and sensitive formaldehyde sensor.

CuO nano-structures were prepared in Rosmarinus Officinalis leaves extract medium via a green bio-chemical method and were used for the one-pot synthesis of dihydropyrano [3,2-c] chromene derivatives. This procedure is very simple and the products were synthesized in high to excellent yields.

Burn is the fourth most common type of trauma worldwide. It often creates a third degree to fourth degree burn wound in the victims of accident. Hence a study was undertaken to fabricate hybrid sponge with biopolymers, silver nano particle and phytochemical constituents to accelerate wound healing. Antimicrobial susceptibility of wound isolates was evaluated by disc diffusion method. The silver nano particle was synthesized using the extracts of clove bud. The size of silver nano material ranged from 59-98 nm. The sponge was fabricated by freeze drying and its swelling property was evaluated. In the present study, 82.3% of the swelling of the sponge was observed within 20 minutes. The efficiency of sponge in healing infectious burn wound was assessed in rats. On the 20th day, 96.92% of wound was healed in sponge dressing and 58.2% in silverex treated rats. Thus, the study proved that the sponge accelerated the healing rate. Recent patents on the formulation of antimicrobial dressings and sponge have also been discussed in this paper.