An Overview on Promising Nanotechnological Approaches for the Treatment of Psoriasis

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disorder of the skin which is characterized by the reoccurring episodes of inflammatory lesions with a worldwide occurrence of around 2-5%. Psoriasis can be categorized as mild, moderate and severe conditions. In mild psoriasis, there is the formation of rashes, and when it becomes moderate, the skin turns scaly. In severe conditions, the red patches can be seen on the skin surface and the skin becomes itchy. The different treatment approaches include phototherapy, topical, oral and other systemic drug deliveries. Dermal treatment is now highly endorsed in topical indications for psoriatic patients, due to its higher penetration which can be achieved using pharmaceutical carriers. Objective: Though various conventional formulations are there, therapeutic benefits can be provided only to a limited extent. The objective of this review was to highlight newer biocompatible and biodegradable materials like phospholipids, and forefront drug delivery methods like liposomes, microemulsions, nanoemulsions, niosomes, ethosomes, etc. which has increased the possibility to improve the efficacy and safety of the topical products. Apart from this, many medicinal plants are available in nature that are used for treating skin diseases like psoriasis. Conclusion: The new trends in nanotechnology are marked by subsequent changes in the pharmaceutical research field. To safeguard the research works in the research field, various patents have been introduced, such as Glaxo Smith Kline (GSK 2981278) – RORγ antagonist, etc. The causes, pathophysiology and the herbal plants that are used in treating the disease are also discussed.