Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry - Volume 19, Issue 8, 2022

In recent years, organic Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted wide attention because of their excellent and unique properties in electrical, optical, mechanical, and other fields, as well as their potential application in the water treatment field. Metal-composite photocatalysts generally have the problems of electron-hole recombination, which seriously affect their photo-catalytic performance. It was found that the surface modification of metal-composite photocatalyst using organic carbon nanotubes could effectively improve the photo-catalytic activity and stability of metalcomposite photocatalyst materials. This paper aims to provide the current research progress of organic carbon nanotubes-modified metal-composite photo-catalytic materials in water pollution control, including the preparation methods of organic carbon nanotubes and their modified metal-composite photocatalysis materials, as well as the applications of organic carbon nanotubes-modified metalcomposite photocatalytic materials in water pollution control field. Concluding remarks and future trends are also pointed out. This paper can provide guidance for designing high-performance carbon nanotube metal-composite photo-catalytic materials.

Among the large variety of nitrogen and oxygen heterocycles, 1,3,4-oxadiazole scaffold has attracted considerable attention owing to its ability to perform an extensive range of pharmacological actions. Therefore, significant efforts of organic chemists have been directed towards the construction of new drug candidates containing 1,3,4-oxadiazole subunits connected to a known pharmaceutical or a potential pharmacophore. This paper highlights recent publications on the various synthesis techniques of 1,3,4-oxadiazole and related compounds over the previous ten years (2011–2021). The purpose of this review is to present several ways for synthesizing oxadiazole. These heterocyclics are formed mainly by the cyclization reactions of various reactants under diverse conditions. A high priority is given to these heterocyclics in literature investigations due to their pharmacological significance, such as their anticonvulsant, anticancer, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antibacterial, antidiabetic activities, etc.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a category of composite materials synthesized through metal ions and organic ligands. This class of material has a variety of applications, including energy storage, isolation, catalysis, sensing, cancer theranostics, and so on; this rapidly expanding class of frameworks provides advantages. However, MOF uses have not been expanded in chemosensing and neurodegenerative disease phototherapy. In recent years, there has been a lot of focus on research on metal-organic structures (MOFs) in biomedical applications. MOFs are considered promising classes of drug-related nanocarriers based on their well-defined architecture, superficial and porous surfaces, configurable pores, and simple chemical functionalization. In this report, in the first part, we explored the special proprieties of MOFs and their benefits for drug delivery as nanocarriers in biomedical applications. Adapting MOFs to therapeutic agents, like surface adsorption, pore modularity, covalent bindings, and functional molecules, were also summarized in this review. Many other MOF applications in chemotherapeutic agents were discovered in the last segment, not only for a tumor laser treatment but also for neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's (AD). Presently, highly responsive Alzheimer's biomarkers (AD) are essential for us in preventing and diagnosing AD, i.e., presenilin 1, amyloid β-protein (Aβ), as well as acetylcholine (ACh). The brain's deviant amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) mixture is the primary pathologic symptom of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Inhibiting aggregation is regarded as an appealing preventive action to alleviate amyloid neuroinflammation. In this study, we looked at how effective response and AD diagnosis have changed, and I looked at the future of MOFs in this field.

The 2021 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to small molecule asymmetric organocatalysis. Quantitative structure−selectivity relationships (QSSR) based on linear free energy relationships are crucial to predicting enantioselectivity in asymmetric catalytic reactions and to gaining insight into the catalytic mechanism. Molecular descriptors describing steric effects and/or electronic effects are described in this review. Subsequently, QSSR models in enantioselective catalysis are analyzed and prospected.

In the past few decades, metal nanoparticles have received a great deal of attention from researchers. Particularly, silver nanoparticles have great potential in a wide range of applications such as antimicrobials, drug delivery carriers, sensors, optoelectronics, and attractive gadgets. Designing a systematic and natural or environmentally-friendly method for blending metal nanoparticles could be a principal step within the field of nanotechnology. Awareness of “green nanotechnology” in nanoparticle synthesis is developing amongst scientists. In the recent decade, more than a hundred different plant extract sources for synthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been described. The majority of publications focused on the union and characterization of several plant parts; however, a few articles focused on the role of biomolecules in plants and the working conditions involved in the amalgamation. This review highlights the potential of plant extracts in the synthesis of AgNPs with a special focus on the biochemical and molecular mechanism involved in the synthesis of AgNPs using plant extract as a reducing and capping agent. The present review also includes the characterization of AgNPs and the physical parameters affecting the size and shape of AgNPs.

Harmful microorganisms are widely present in the surrounding environment, causing a large number of infectious diseases in human society and serious negative effects on human life. In order to resist the damage of harmful microorganisms, antimicrobial agents that inhibit the growth of microorganisms came into being. This review aimed to encompass current syntheses and applications of N-halamines antimicrobial agents in the past five years, highlighting recent significant breakthroughs. This review included an introduction to the classification of antimicrobial agents, antimicrobial mechanisms, syntheses, and applications of small molecular N-halamines and N-halamines polymers. And finally, the conclusion and outlooks of N-halamines antimicrobial agents were provided.

In view of the crucial importance of the bioactivities of N-acylhydrazone derivatives and their corresponding metal complexes, N-acylhydrazones have recently attracted the attention of researchers in the chemical, biological, and pharmaceutical fields. This review aims to describe Nacylhydrazone complexes involving transition metal ions, such as copper, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, and zinc, and investigate their properties and possible applications in various domains. The most promising applications of the number of transition metal complexes incorporating Nacylhydrazones in biology, medicine, and pharmacology are also examined and determined.