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image of Solid-Phase Synthesized Imunofan Confers Clinically Relevant Protection using a Chimeric Protein Vaccine Candidate Against E. coli O157:H7 in BALB/c Mice

Abstract

Introduction/Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Imunofan, a synthetic peptide adjuvant, compared to Freund’s adjuvant. We hypothesized that imunofan would enhance protective immunity while avoiding the adverse effects associated with traditional adjuvants.

Methods

Imunofan (836 Da) was synthesized SPPS, purified by RP-HPLC, and validated by LC-MS. A chimeric antigen (ESI) encoding EspA, StxB, and Intimin was expressed in BL21(DE3) using the pET28-ESI plasmid, induced with IPTG, and purified Ni-NTA chromatography. BALB/c mice (n = 10/group) were immunized with: (1) ESI+Imunofan, (2) ESI+Freund’s adjuvant, (3) ESI alone, or (4) Imunofan alone. IgG titers were measured by ELISA, and protection was assessed bacterial shedding (log CFU/g feces) post-challenge with O157:H7.

Results

ESI+Freund’s adjuvant elicited the highest IgG response (mean ± SEM: 12.3 ± 0.8 log; 0.05 ESI alone). Surprisingly, ESI+Imunofan showed a comparable reduction in bacterial shedding (3.1 ± 0.4 log CFU/g Freund’s adjuvant: 2.9 ± 0.3; 0.1), despite lower IgG (9.1 ± 0.6 log). ESI alone reduced shedding (4.2 ± 0.5 log; 0.01 control), outperforming Imunofan alone (5.8 ± 0.7; 0.05).

Conclusion

Imunofan’s structural authenticity and functional efficacy were demonstrated. Its comparable protection to Freund’s adjuvant, despite weaker humoral responses, suggests a unique role in modulating non-antibody-mediated immunity. These findings support imunofan as a safer alternative to conventional adjuvants.

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2025-10-15
2026-02-09

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Solid-Phase Synthesized Imunofan Confers Clinically Relevant Protection using a Chimeric Protein Vaccine Candidate Against E. coli O157:H7 in BALB/c Mice
Bentham Science Publishers ; https://doi.org/10.2174/0113892037405052250926104854
/content/journals/cpps/10.2174/0113892037405052250926104854
/content/journals/cpps/10.2174/0113892037405052250926104854
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  • Article Type:     Research Article
Keywords: adjuvant ; immunomodulation ; vaccine ; bacterial shedding ; Imunofan ; Escherichia coli O157:H7

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