Skip to content
2000
Volume 23, Issue 1
  • ISSN: 1570-1638
  • E-ISSN: 1875-6220

Abstract

Scopoletin, a naturally occurring coumarin derivative, has garnered significant attention for its diverse pharmacological properties, including potent anticancer activity. This review provides a comprehensive examination of scopoletin's anticancer effects across a wide range of tumor cell lines. The paper explores its modulation of apoptotic pathways, inhibition concentration (IC) of cancer cell proliferation, and suppression of metastasis and angiogenesis. Additionally, the review discusses the role of scopoletin in regulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell cycle arrest in cancer cells. A detailed analysis of and studies highlights its efficacy, specificity, and potential for synergistic effects when used in combination with conventional chemotherapeutics. Hence, this comprehensive review aims to provide a foundation for future research and development of scopoletin as a promising anticancer agent.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/cddt/10.2174/0115701638379522250412162643
2025-04-24
2026-03-09
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. BairagiS.H. SalaskarP.P. LokeS.D. SurveN.N. TandelD.V. DusaraM.D. Medicinal significance of coumarins: A review.Int J Pharm Res2012421619
    [Google Scholar]
  2. KocaI ÇakirDK TekgulerB Scopoletin: Natural sources and its effects on health.2017
    [Google Scholar]
  3. HassaneinE.H.M. SayedA.M. HusseinO.E. MahmoudA.M. Coumarins as modulators of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway.Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev.20202020112510.1155/2020/1675957 32377290
    [Google Scholar]
  4. MooreC.W. CIX.—The constitution of scopoletin.J. Chem. Soc. Trans.19119901043104810.1039/CT9119901043
    [Google Scholar]
  5. GoodsonJ.A. The constituents of the flowering tops of Artemisia afra, Jacq.Biochem. J.192216448949310.1042/bj0160489 16743105
    [Google Scholar]
  6. PandyV. NarasingamM. KunasegaranT. MuruganD.D. MohamedZ. Effect of noni (Morinda citrifolia Linn.) fruit and its bioactive principles scopoletin and rutin on rat vas deferens contractility: An ex vivo study.ScientificWorldJournal201420141909586 25045753
    [Google Scholar]
  7. SayreL.E. The composition of gelseminine.J. Am. Pharm. Assoc.19121545846210.1002/jps.3080010522
    [Google Scholar]
  8. EdwardsG.R. RogersonH. The constituents of Fabiana imbricata.Biochem. J.19272141010101410.1042/bj0211010 16743895
    [Google Scholar]
  9. GayN.H. SuwanjangW. RuankhamW. Butein, isoliquiritigenin, and scopoletin attenuate neurodegeneration via antioxidant enzymes and SIRT1/ADAM10 signaling pathway.RSC Advances20201028165931660610.1039/C9RA06056A 35498835
    [Google Scholar]
  10. PhamH.T. YooJ. VandenBergM. MuyskensM.A. Fluorescence of scopoletin including its photoacidity and large stokes shift.J. Fluoresc.2020301718010.1007/s10895‑019‑02471‑4 31872306
    [Google Scholar]
  11. ChangT-N. DengJ-S. ChangY-C. Ameliorative effects of scopoletin from Crossostephium chinensis against inflammation pain and its mechanisms in mice.Evid. Based Complement. Alternat. Med.201220121595603 22991572
    [Google Scholar]
  12. DingZ. DaiY. HaoH. PanR. YaoX. WangZ. Anti-inflammatory effects of scopoletin and underlying mechanisms.Pharm. Biol.2008461285486010.1080/13880200802367155
    [Google Scholar]
  13. FirmansyahA. WiningsihW. ManobiJ.D.Y. Review of scopoletin: Isolation, analysis process, and pharmacological activity.Biointerface Res. Appl. Chem.2021114120061201910.33263/BRIAC114.1200612019
    [Google Scholar]
  14. KashyapP. RamH. ShuklaS.D. KumarS. Scopoletin: Antiamyloidogenic, anticholinesterase, and neuroprotective potential of a natural compound present in Argyreia speciosa roots by in vitro and in silico study.Neurosci. Insights202015263310552093769310.1177/2633105520937693 32671342
    [Google Scholar]
  15. NapiroonT. BacherM. BalslevH. TawaitakhamK. SantimaleeworagunW. VajrodayaS. Scopoletin from Lasianthus lucidus Blume (Rubiaceae): A potential antimicrobial against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.J. Appl. Pharm. Sci.2018891610.7324/JAPS.2018.8901
    [Google Scholar]
  16. DingJ. WangL. HeC. ZhaoJ. SiL. HuangH. Artemisia scoparia: Traditional uses, active constituents and pharmacological effects.J. Ethnopharmacol.202127311396010.1016/j.jep.2021.113960 33636317
    [Google Scholar]
  17. LuoL. SunT. YangL. Scopoletin ameliorates anxiety-like behaviors in complete Freund’s adjuvant-induced mouse model.Mol. Brain20201311510.1186/s13041‑020‑0560‑2 32019580
    [Google Scholar]
  18. PrabowoW.C. AgustinaR. Antibacterial activity of scopoletin from stem bark of Aleurites moluccana against Salmonella typhi.J Trop Pharm Chem202051293210.25026/jtpc.v5i1.218
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Kishore KumarS.N. DeepthyJ. PremaV. Scopoletin augments DJ1/Nrf2 signalling and prevents protein aggregation in Parkinson’s disease.bioRxiv2018260521
    [Google Scholar]
  20. NahataA. SethiyaN.K. JainN. DixitV.K. Analysis of scopoletin and mangiferin in botanicals and formulations of Shankhpushpi by HPLC.Herba Pol.2018644546210.2478/hepo‑2018‑0025
    [Google Scholar]
  21. LuoJ. LaiT. GuoT. Synthesis and acaricidal activities of scopoletin phenolic ether derivatives: QSAR, molecular docking study and in silico ADME predictions.Molecules201823599510.3390/molecules23050995 29695088
    [Google Scholar]
  22. AversC.J. GoodwinR.H. Studies on Roots. IV. Effects of coumarin and scopoletin on the standard root growth pattern of phleum pratense.Am. J. Bot.195643861262010.1002/j.1537‑2197.1956.tb10542.x
    [Google Scholar]
  23. WatanabeR. McIlrathW.J. SkokJ. ChorneyW. WenderS.H. Accumulation of scopoletin glucoside in boron-deficient tobacco leaves.Arch. Biochem. Biophys.196194224124310.1016/0003‑9861(61)90036‑4 13783340
    [Google Scholar]
  24. ImbertM.P. WilsonL.A. Stimulatory and inhibitory effects of Scopoletin on IAA oxidase preparations from sweet potato.Phytochemistry1970981787179410.1016/S0031‑9422(00)85592‑2
    [Google Scholar]
  25. PradhanP MajhiO BiswasA JoshiV K SinhaD Enhanced accumulation of reduced glutathione by Scopoletin improves survivability of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's model. Cell Death Dis202011973910.1038/s41419‑020‑02942‑8
    [Google Scholar]
  26. GaoX.Y. LiX.Y. ZhangC.Y. BaiC.Y. Scopoletin: A review of its pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity.Front. Pharmacol.202415126846410.3389/fphar.2024.1268464 38464713
    [Google Scholar]
  27. HornickA. LiebA. VoN.P. RollingerJ.M. StuppnerH. PrastH. The coumarin scopoletin potentiates acetylcholine release from synaptosomes, amplifies hippocampal long-term potentiation and ameliorates anticholinergic- and age-impaired memory.Neuroscience2011197128029210.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.09.006 21945033
    [Google Scholar]
  28. RajkumarS. LathaS. PrabhaT. BibianaM.J.A. SelvamaniP. Scopoletin, A biomarker isolated from Canarium strictum and its ameliorating potential on scopolamine-induced cognitive and behavioral impairment in rats.Neuroquantology20222066529
    [Google Scholar]
  29. GandhiG.R. LeãoG.C.S. CalistoV.K.S. Modulation of interleukin expression by medicinal plants and their secondary metabolites: A systematic review on anti-asthmatic and immunopharmacological mechanisms.Phytomedicine20207015322910.1016/j.phymed.2020.153229 32361292
    [Google Scholar]
  30. KowalczykJ. BudzyńskaB. KurachŁ. Neuropsychopharmacological profiling of scoparone in mice.Sci. Rep.202212182210.1038/s41598‑021‑04741‑3 35039558
    [Google Scholar]
  31. KimJ. KimC.S. LeeY.M. Scopoletin inhibits rat aldose reductase activity and cataractogenesis in galactose-fed rats.Evid. Based Complement. Alternat. Med.2013201311810.1155/2013/787138 24101940
    [Google Scholar]
  32. ZhouR. KanS. CaiS. SunR. YuanH. YuB. Scopoletin activates adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway and improves functional recovery after spinal cord injury in rats.Pharmacology20201055-634935910.1159/000503866 31955175
    [Google Scholar]
  33. BayoumiS.A.L. RowanM.G. BeechingJ.R. BlagbroughI.S. Investigation of biosynthetic pathways to hydroxycoumarins during post-harvest physiological deterioration in Cassava roots by using stable isotope labelling.ChemBioChem20089183013302210.1002/cbic.200800515 19035613
    [Google Scholar]
  34. HeB.T. LiuZ.H. LiB.Z. YuanY.J. Advances in biosynthesis of scopoletin.Microb. Cell Fact.202221115210.1186/s12934‑022‑01865‑7 35918699
    [Google Scholar]
  35. YangS.M. ShimG.Y. KimB.G. AhnJ.H. Biological synthesis of coumarins in Escherichia coli.Microb. Cell Fact.20151416510.1186/s12934‑015‑0248‑y 25927349
    [Google Scholar]
  36. VanholmeR. SundinL. SeetsoK.C. COSY catalyses trans–cis isomerization and lactonization in the biosynthesis of coumarins.Nat. Plants20195101066107510.1038/s41477‑019‑0510‑0 31501530
    [Google Scholar]
  37. TsaiH.H. Rodríguez-CelmaJ. LanP. WuY.C. Vélez-BermúdezI.C. SchmidtW. Scopoletin 8-hydroxylase-mediated fraxetin production is crucial for iron mobilization.Plant Physiol.2018177119420710.1104/pp.18.00178 29559590
    [Google Scholar]
  38. SiwinskaJ. SiatkowskaK. OlryA. Scopoletin 8-hydroxylase: A novel enzyme involved in coumarin biosynthesis and iron-deficiency responses in Arabidopsis.J. Exp. Bot.20186971735174810.1093/jxb/ery005 29361149
    [Google Scholar]
  39. AnS.H. ChoiG.S. AhnJ.H. Biosynthesis of fraxetin from three different substrates using engineered Escherichia coli.Appl. Biol. Chem.20206315510.1186/s13765‑020‑00543‑9
    [Google Scholar]
  40. RajniakJ. GiehlR.F.H. ChangE. MurgiaI. von WirénN. SattelyE.S. Biosynthesis of redox-active metabolites in response to iron deficiency in plants.Nat. Chem. Biol.201814544245010.1038/s41589‑018‑0019‑2 29581584
    [Google Scholar]
  41. LeeY.G. KimT.H. KwonJ.E. KimH. KangS.C. Cytotoxic effects of ardisiacrispin A from Labisia pumila on A549 human lung cancer cells.Life202414227610.3390/life14020276 38398785
    [Google Scholar]
  42. ChauhanA. KaushikN. Synthesis of novel pyrazole analogues as efficacious antimicrobial agents.Int. J. Pharma Sci.201633166176
    [Google Scholar]
  43. YadavD. RaoG.S.N.K. PaliwalD. SinghA. ShadabS. Insight into the basic mechanisms and various modulation strategies involved in cancer drug resistance.Curr. Cancer Drug Targets2023231077879110.2174/1568009623666230508110258 37157204
    [Google Scholar]
  44. RoskoskiR.Jr Properties of FDA-approved small molecule protein kinase inhibitors: A 2024 update.Pharmacol. Res.202420010705910.1016/j.phrs.2024.107059 38216005
    [Google Scholar]
  45. MuellerS. KubicekJ. MerinoF. HanischP. MaertensB. LackmannJ-W. The bigger picture: Global analysis of solubilization performance of classical detergents versus new synthetic polymers utilizing shotgun proteomics.BioRxiv2023
    [Google Scholar]
  46. McGrapheryK. Functional and comparative analysis of small molecule glycosyltransferases from plants by high-throughput assays.Doctoral dissertation, Technische Universität München2021
    [Google Scholar]
  47. SunW. ShahrajabianM.H. Therapeutic potential of phenolic compounds in medicinal plants—natural health products for human health.Molecules2023284184510.3390/molecules28041845 36838831
    [Google Scholar]
  48. KornickaA. BalewskiŁ. LahuttaM. KokoszkaJ. Umbelliferone and its synthetic derivatives as suitable molecules for the development of agents with biological activities: A review of their pharmacological and therapeutic potential.Pharmaceuticals20231612173210.3390/ph16121732 38139858
    [Google Scholar]
  49. LiC.L. HanX.C. ZhangH. WuJ.S. LiB. Effect of scopoletin on apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human prostate cancer cells in vitro.Trop. J. Pharm. Res.201514461161710.4314/tjpr.v14i4.8
    [Google Scholar]
  50. TianQ. WangL. SunX. ZengF. PanQ. XueM. Scopoletin exerts anticancer effects on human cervical cancer cell lines by triggering apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, inhibition of cell invasion and PI3K/AKT signalling pathway.JBUON20192439971002 31424653
    [Google Scholar]
  51. PrompipakJ. SenawongT. SripaB. Anticancer effects of the combined Thai noni juice ethanolic extracts and 5-fluorouracil against cholangiocarcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo.Sci. Rep.20211111486610.1038/s41598‑021‑94049‑z 34290264
    [Google Scholar]
  52. AsgarM.A. SenawongG. SripaB. SenawongT. Scopoletin potentiates the anticancer effects of cisplatin against cholangiocarcinoma cell lines.Bangladesh J. Pharmacol.2015101697710.3329/bjp.v10i1.21202
    [Google Scholar]
  53. YuN. LiN. WangK. Design, synthesis and biological activity evaluation of novel scopoletin-NO donor derivatives against MCF-7 human breast cancer in vitro and in vivo.Eur. J. Med. Chem.202122411370110.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113701 34315044
    [Google Scholar]
  54. BanikazemiZ. MirazimiS.M. DashtiF. Coumarins and gastrointestinal cancer: A new therapeutic option?Front. Oncol.20211175278410.3389/fonc.2021.752784 34707995
    [Google Scholar]
  55. ZhengY.W. LiZ.H. LeiL. FAM83A promotes lung cancer progression by regulating the wnt and hippo signaling pathways and indicates poor prognosis.Front. Oncol.20201018010.3389/fonc.2020.00180 32195172
    [Google Scholar]
  56. FryW.A. MenckH.R. WinchesterD.P. The national cancer data base report on lung cancer.Cancer19967791947195510.1002/(SICI)1097‑0142(19960501)77:9<1947:AID‑CNCR27>3.0.CO;2‑Z 8646697
    [Google Scholar]
  57. CollinsL.G. HainesC. PerkelR. EnckR.E. Lung cancer: Diagnosis and management.Am. Fam. Physician20077515663 17225705
    [Google Scholar]
  58. JostP. SvobodovaH. StetinaR. Induction and repair of DNA cross-links induced by sulfur mustard in the A-549 cell line followed by a comet assay.Chem. Biol. Interact.2015237313710.1016/j.cbi.2015.05.009 25986970
    [Google Scholar]
  59. DanilenkoD.M. SmirnovaS.S. SmirnovaT.D. Human lung carcinoma (A-549) continuing cell line and human endothelial (ECV-304) continuing cell line responses to the influenza virus at different multiplicities of infection.Cell Tissue Biol.201610430531310.1134/S1990519X16040040
    [Google Scholar]
  60. Al-SheddiE.S. FarshoriN.N. Al-OqailM.M. MusarratJ. Al-KhedhairyA.A. SiddiquiM.A. Portulaca oleracea seed oil exerts cytotoxic effects on human liver cancer (HepG2) and Human Lung Cancer (A-549) cell lines.Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev.20151683383338710.7314/APJCP.2015.16.8.3383 25921149
    [Google Scholar]
  61. YuanC. WangM.H. WangF. Network pharmacology and molecular docking reveal the mechanism of Scopoletin against non-small cell lung cancer.Life Sci.202127011910510.1016/j.lfs.2021.119105 33497736
    [Google Scholar]
  62. EmamiS. DadashpourS. Current developments of coumarin-based anti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry.Eur. J. Med. Chem.201510261163010.1016/j.ejmech.2015.08.033 26318068
    [Google Scholar]
  63. GiardD.J. AaronsonS.A. TodaroG.J. In vitro cultivation of human tumors: Establishment of cell lines derived from a series of solid tumors.J. Natl. Cancer Inst.19735151417142310.1093/jnci/51.5.1417 4357758
    [Google Scholar]
  64. JinglinH.U. LinhuL.I. LiC. Design, synthesis and antiproliferative activity of scopoletin derivatives.J China Pharm Univ201546216917310.11665/j.issn.1000‑5048.20150205
    [Google Scholar]
  65. PamudurthyV. LodhiaN. KondaV.J.A. Advances in endoscopy for colorectal polyp detection and classification.Proc. Bayl. Univ. Med. Cent.2020331283510.1080/08998280.2019.1686327
    [Google Scholar]
  66. AhmedM. Colon cancer: A clinician’s perspective in 2019.Gastroenterol. Res.202013111010.14740/gr1239 32095167
    [Google Scholar]
  67. NewcombPA BaronJ CotterchioM Colon cancer family registry: An international resource for studies of the genetic epidemiology of colon cancer. Cancer Epidemiol2007161123314310.1158/1055‑9965.EPI‑07‑0648
    [Google Scholar]
  68. AntiM. ArmuzziA. MoriniS. Severe imbalance of cell proliferation and apoptosis in the left colon and in the rectosigmoid tract in subjects with a history of large adenomas.Gut200148223824610.1136/gut.48.2.238 11156647
    [Google Scholar]
  69. PanP. YuJ. WangL.S. Colon cancer.Surg. Oncol. Clin. N. Am.201827224326710.1016/j.soc.2017.11.002 29496088
    [Google Scholar]
  70. ComptonC.C. Pathology report in colon cancer: What is prognostically important?Dig. Dis.1999172677910.1159/000016908 10545712
    [Google Scholar]
  71. PacalI. KarabogaD. BasturkA. AkayB. NalbantogluU. A comprehensive review of deep learning in colon cancer.Comput. Biol. Med.202012610400310.1016/j.compbiomed.2020.104003 32987202
    [Google Scholar]
  72. ParamaD. GirisaS. KhatoonE. An overview of the pharmacological activities of scopoletin against different chronic diseases.Pharmacol. Res.202217910620210.1016/j.phrs.2022.106202 35378275
    [Google Scholar]
  73. KuoC.T. ChangC. LeeW.S. Folic acid inhibits COLO-205 colon cancer cell proliferation through activating the FRα/c-SRC/ERK1/2/NFκB/TP53 pathway: In vitro and in vivo studies.Sci. Rep.2015511118710.1038/srep11187 26056802
    [Google Scholar]
  74. TakahashiG. OkunoN. YoshinoK. The effects of plasma-activated saline and medium on colorectal cancer in rat models and the human colon adenocarcinoma cell line COLO 205.Int. J. Clin. Oncol.20227181310.11648/j.ijcocr.20220701.12
    [Google Scholar]
  75. QiF. YanQ. ZhengZ. LiuJ. ChenY. ZhangG. Geraniol and geranyl acetate induce potent anticancer effects in colon cancer Colo-205 cells by inducing apoptosis, DNA damage and cell cycle arrest.J. Balkan Union Oncol.2018232346352 29745075
    [Google Scholar]
  76. El-GamalM.I. OhC.H. Synthesis, in vitro antiproliferative activity, and in silico studies of fused tricyclic coumarin sulfonate derivatives.Eur. J. Med. Chem.201484687610.1016/j.ejmech.2014.06.064 25016229
    [Google Scholar]
  77. WinqvistR. KnuutilaS. LeprinceD. StehelinD. AlitaloK. Mapping of amplified c-myb oncogene, sister chromatid exchanges, and karyotypic analysis of the COLO 205 colon carcinoma cell line.Cancer Genet. Cytogenet.198518325126410.1016/0165‑4608(85)90090‑1 3863699
    [Google Scholar]
  78. HanakiY. ShikataY. KikumoriM. In vivo anti-cancer activity of 10-methyl-aplog-1, a simplified analog of aplysiatoxin, and its possible signaling pathway associated with G1 arrest.Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.2023675192510.1016/j.bbrc.2023.07.008 37437496
    [Google Scholar]
  79. TripathiS. BelkacemiL. CheungM.S. BoseR.N. Abstract B1-02: Correlation between oncogenic mutations, signaling pathways, and efficacy of platinum-based drugs against colorectal cancers.Cancer Res.20157522B110.1158/1538‑7445.COMPSYSBIO‑B1‑02
    [Google Scholar]
  80. RaynerE. DurinM.A. ThomasR. CRISPR-Cas9 causes chromosomal instability and rearrangements in cancer cell lines, detectable by cytogenetic methods.CRISPR J.20192640641610.1089/crispr.2019.0006 31742432
    [Google Scholar]
  81. XuX. VeenstraT.D. Concentration of endogenous estrogens and estrogen metabolites in the NCI-60 human tumor cell lines.Genome Med.2012443110.1186/gm330 22546321
    [Google Scholar]
  82. MortimerC.G. WellsG. CrochardJ.P. Antitumor Benzothiazoles. 26. 2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-5-fluorobenzothiazole (GW 610, NSC 721648), a simple fluorinated 2-Arylbenzothiazole, shows potent and selective inhibitory activity against lung, colon, and breast cancer cell lines.J. Med. Chem.200649117918510.1021/jm050942k 16392802
    [Google Scholar]
  83. ZhouJ.Y. ChenM. MaL. WangX. ChenY.G. LiuS.L. Role of CD44high/CD133high HCT-116 cells in the tumorigenesis of colon cancer.Oncotarget2016777657766610.18632/oncotarget.7084 26840024
    [Google Scholar]
  84. NelsonV. SahooN.K. SahuM. SudhanH. PullaiahC.P. MuralikrishnaK.S. In vitro anticancer activity of Eclipta alba whole plant extract on colon cancer cell HCT-116.BMC Complement. Med. Ther.202020135510.1186/s12906‑020‑03118‑9 33225921
    [Google Scholar]
  85. SheikhB.Y. SarkerM.M.R. KamarudinM.N.A. MohanG. Antiproliferative and apoptosis inducing effects of citral via p53 and ROS-induced mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in human colorectal HCT116 and HT29 cell lines.Biomed. Pharmacother.20179683484610.1016/j.biopha.2017.10.038 29078261
    [Google Scholar]
  86. ŽižićJ.B. VukovićN.L. JadraninM.B. Chemical composition, cytotoxic and antioxidative activities of ethanolic extracts of propolis on HCT-116 cell line.J. Sci. Food Agric.201393123001300910.1002/jsfa.6132 23504630
    [Google Scholar]
  87. ShiZ. LiN. ChenC. Novel NO-releasing scopoletin derivatives induce cell death via mitochondrial apoptosis pathway and cell cycle arrest.Eur. J. Med. Chem.202020011238610.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112386 32438251
    [Google Scholar]
  88. ChenZ.Y. HsiehY.M. HuangC.C. TsaiC.C. Inhibitory effects of probiotic lactobacillus on the growth of human colonic carcinoma cell line HT-29.Molecules201722110710.3390/molecules22010107 28075415
    [Google Scholar]
  89. NouriZ. KaramiF. NeyaziN. Dual anti-metastatic and anti-proliferative activity assessment of two probiotics on hela and HT-29 Cell Lines.Cell J.2016182127134 27551673
    [Google Scholar]
  90. FűriI. KalmárA. WichmannB. Cell free DNA of tumor origin induces a ‘metastatic’ expression profile in ht-29 cancer cell line.PLoS One2015107e013169910.1371/journal.pone.0131699 26133168
    [Google Scholar]
  91. LiuW. ZhouJ. ZhangT. Design and synthesis of thiourea derivatives containing a benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridine moiety as potential antitumor and anti-inflammatory agents.Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.20122282701270410.1016/j.bmcl.2012.03.002 22450132
    [Google Scholar]
  92. KawaiK. ViarsC. ArdenK. TarinD. UrquidiV. GoodisonS. Comprehensive karyotyping of the HT‐29 colon adenocarcinoma cell line.Genes Chromosomes Cancer20023411810.1002/gcc.10003 11921276
    [Google Scholar]
  93. KhodavirdipourA. ZareanR. SafaralizadehR. Evaluation of the anti-cancer effect of Syzygium cumini ethanolic extract on HT-29 colorectal cell line.J. Gastrointest. Cancer20215257558110.1007/s12029‑020‑00439‑3 32506290
    [Google Scholar]
  94. GunduzM. GunduzE. Breast cancer: Carcinogenesis, cell growth and signalling pathways.IntechOpen201110.5772/855
    [Google Scholar]
  95. DoneS. Breast cancer - recent advances in biology, imaging and therapeutics.IntechOpen201110.5772/1748
    [Google Scholar]
  96. ElmoreJ.G. ArmstrongK. LehmanC.D. FletcherS.W. Screening for breast cancer.JAMA2005293101245125610.1001/jama.293.10.1245 15755947
    [Google Scholar]
  97. SharmaG. DaveR. SanadyaJ. SharmaP. SharmaK.K. Various types and management of breast cancer: An overview.J. Adv. Pharm. Technol. Res.20101210912610.4103/2231‑4040.72251 22247839
    [Google Scholar]
  98. BurdallS.E. HanbyA.M. LansdownM.R.J. SpeirsV. Breast cancer cell lines: Friend or foe?Breast Cancer Res.200352899510.1186/bcr577 12631387
    [Google Scholar]
  99. SweeneyE.E. McDanielR.E. MaximovP.Y. FanP. JordanV.C. Models and mechanisms of acquired antihormone resistance in breast cancer: Significant clinical progress despite limitations.Horm. Mol. Biol. Clin. Investig.20129214316310.1515/hmbci‑2011‑0004 23308083
    [Google Scholar]
  100. CuzickJ. PowlesT. VeronesiU. Overview of the main outcomes in breast-cancer prevention trials.Lancet2003361935429630010.1016/S0140‑6736(03)12342‑2 12559863
    [Google Scholar]
  101. PlodinecM. LoparicM. MonnierC.A. The nanomechanical signature of breast cancer.Nat. Nanotechnol.201271175776510.1038/nnano.2012.167 23085644
    [Google Scholar]
  102. LeeA.V. OesterreichS. DavidsonN.E. MCF-7 cells-changing the course of breast cancer research and care for 45 years.J. Natl. Cancer Inst.20151077djv07310.1093/jnci/djv073 25828948
    [Google Scholar]
  103. ElsayedE.A. Sharaf-EldinM.A. WadaanM. In vitro evaluation of cytotoxic activities of essential oil from Moringa oleifera seeds on HeLa, HepG2, MCF-7, CACO-2 and L929 cell lines.Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev.201516114671467510.7314/APJCP.2015.16.11.4671 26107222
    [Google Scholar]
  104. HuangZ. YuP. TangJ. Characterization of triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell spheroid model.OncoTargets Ther.2020135395540510.2147/OTT.S249756 32606757
    [Google Scholar]
  105. BanerjeeM. ChattopadhyayS. ChoudhuriT. Cytotoxicity and cell cycle arrest induced by andrographolide lead to programmed cell death of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line.J. Biomed. Sci.20162314010.1186/s12929‑016‑0257‑0 27084510
    [Google Scholar]
  106. SaraivaD.P. MatiasA.T. BragaS. JacintoA. CabralM.G. Establishment of a 3D Co-culture With MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line and patient-derived immune cells for application in the development of immunotherapies.Front. Oncol.202010154310.3389/fonc.2020.01543 32974189
    [Google Scholar]
  107. ShiJ.F. CaoM. WangY. Is it possible to halve the incidence of liver cancer in China by 2050?Int. J. Cancer202114851051106510.1002/ijc.33313 32997794
    [Google Scholar]
  108. MarengoA. RossoC. BugianesiE. Liver cancer: Connections with obesity, fatty liver, and cirrhosis.Annu. Rev. Med.201667110311710.1146/annurev‑med‑090514‑013832 26473416
    [Google Scholar]
  109. BerasainC. CastilloJ. PerugorriaM.J. LatasaM.U. PrietoJ. AvilaM.A. Inflammation and liver cancer: New molecular links.Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci.20091155120622110.1111/j.1749‑6632.2009.03704.x 19250206
    [Google Scholar]
  110. SellS. LeffertH.L. Liver cancer stem cells.J. Clin. Oncol.200826172800280510.1200/JCO.2007.15.5945 18539957
    [Google Scholar]
  111. ArzumanianV.A. KiselevaO.I. PoverennayaE.V. The curious case of the HepG2 cell line: 40 Years of expertise.Int. J. Mol. Sci.202122231313510.3390/ijms222313135 34884942
    [Google Scholar]
  112. ŠtamparM. BreznikB. FilipičM. ŽeguraB. Characterization of in vitro 3D cell model developed from Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HepG2) cell line.Cells2020912255710.3390/cells9122557 33260628
    [Google Scholar]
  113. LuckertC. SchulzC. LehmannN. Comparative analysis of 3D culture methods on human HepG2 cells.Arch. Toxicol.201791139340610.1007/s00204‑016‑1677‑z 26872951
    [Google Scholar]
  114. LiL. ZhaoP. HuJ. Synthesis, in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of scopoletin-cinnamic acid hybrids.Eur. J. Med. Chem.20159330030710.1016/j.ejmech.2015.01.040 25703298
    [Google Scholar]
  115. LyapunI.N. AndryukovB.G. ByninaM.P. HeLa cell culture: Immortal heritage of henrietta lacks.Mol. Gen. Microbiol. Virol.201934419520010.3103/S0891416819040050
    [Google Scholar]
  116. HorbachS.P.J.M. HalffmanW. The ghosts of HeLa: How cell line misidentification contaminates the scientific literature.PLoS One20171210e018628110.1371/journal.pone.0186281 29023500
    [Google Scholar]
  117. HassanshahiJ. Mirzahosseini-pourranjbarA. HajializadehZ. KaeidiA. Anticancer and cytotoxic effects of troxerutin on HeLa cell line: An in-vitro model of cervical cancer.Mol. Biol. Rep.20204786135614210.1007/s11033‑020‑05694‑y 32740797
    [Google Scholar]
  118. TastanP. HajdúZ. KúszN. Sesquiterpene lactones and flavonoids from Psephellus pyrrhoblepharus with antiproliferative activity on human gynecological cancer cell lines.Molecules20192417316510.3390/molecules24173165 31480332
    [Google Scholar]
  119. SchattenH. Brief overview of prostate cancer statistics, grading, diagnosis and treatment strategies.Adv Exp Med Biol2018109511410.1007/978‑3‑319‑95693‑0_1
    [Google Scholar]
  120. GannP.H. Risk factors for prostate cancer.Rev. Urol.20024Suppl. 5S3S10 16986064
    [Google Scholar]
  121. SandaM.G. CadedduJ.A. KirkbyE. Clinically localized prostate cancer: AUA/ASTRO/SUO Guideline. Part II: Recommended approaches and details of specific care options.J. Urol.2018199499099710.1016/j.juro.2018.01.002 29331546
    [Google Scholar]
  122. MaliskiS.L. HeilemannM.V. McCorkleR. From “death sentence” to “good cancer”: Couples’ transformation of a prostate cancer diagnosis.Nurs. Res.200251639139710.1097/00006199‑200211000‑00007 12464759
    [Google Scholar]
  123. ShenM.M. Abate-ShenC. Molecular genetics of prostate cancer: New prospects for old challenges.Genes Dev.201024181967200010.1101/gad.1965810
    [Google Scholar]
  124. SchaidD.J. The complex genetic epidemiology of prostate cancer.Hum. Mol. Genet.2004131R10310.1093/hmg/ddh072
    [Google Scholar]
  125. Şeker KaratoprakG. DumlupınarB. CelepE. Kurt CelepI. Küpeli AkkolE. Sobarzo-SánchezE. A comprehensive review on the potential of coumarin and related derivatives as multi-target therapeutic agents in the management of gynecological cancers.Front. Pharmacol.202415142348010.3389/fphar.2024.1423480 39364049
    [Google Scholar]
  126. MokhtariM.J. MotamedN. ShokrgozarM.A. Evaluation of silibinin on the viability, migration and adhesion of the human prostate adenocarcinoma (PC‐3) cell line.Cell Biol. Int.200832888889210.1016/j.cellbi.2008.03.019 18538589
    [Google Scholar]
  127. ChendilD. RangaR.S. MeigooniD. SathishkumarS. AhmedM.M. Curcumin confers radiosensitizing effect in prostate cancer cell line PC-3.Oncogene20042381599160710.1038/sj.onc.1207284 14985701
    [Google Scholar]
  128. KamisawaT. WoodL.D. ItoiT. TakaoriK. Pancreatic cancer.Lancet201638810039738510.1016/S0140‑6736(16)00141‑0 26830752
    [Google Scholar]
  129. WolfgangC.L. HermanJ.M. LaheruD.A. Recent progress in pancreatic cancer.CA Cancer J. Clin.201363531834810.3322/caac.21190 23856911
    [Google Scholar]
  130. GhanehP. CostelloE. NeoptolemosJ.P. Biology and management of pancreatic cancer.Postgrad. Med. J.20088499547849710.1136/gut.2006.103333 18940950
    [Google Scholar]
  131. KleinA.P. Familial pancreatic cancer in: The Pancreas: An Integrated Textbook of Basic Science, Medicine, and Surgery.3rd edWiley202310.1136/gut.2006.103333
    [Google Scholar]
  132. KoidoS. HommaS. TakaharaA. Current immunotherapeutic approaches in pancreatic cancer.Clin. Dev. Immunol.201120111267539 21922022
    [Google Scholar]
  133. MaddenM.E. SarrasM.P.Jr Morphological and biochemical characterization of a human pancreatic ductal cell line (PANC-1).Pancreas19883551252810.1097/00006676‑198810000‑00003 3141917
    [Google Scholar]
  134. LieberM. MazzettaJ. Nelson-ReesW. KaplanM. TodaroG. Establishment of a continuous tumor‐cell line (PANC‐1) from a human carcinoma of the exocrine pancreas.Int. J. Cancer197515574174710.1002/ijc.2910150505 1140870
    [Google Scholar]
  135. CaiX. YangJ. ZhouJ. Synthesis and biological evaluation of scopoletin derivatives.Bioorg. Med. Chem.2013211849210.1016/j.bmc.2012.10.059 23218780
    [Google Scholar]
  136. SeoE.J. SaeedM. LawB. Pharmacogenomics of scopoletin in tumor cells.Molecules201621449610.3390/molecules21040496 27092478
    [Google Scholar]
  137. AhmadiN. MohamedS. Sulaiman RahmanH. RosliR. Epicatechin and scopoletin‐rich Morinda citrifolia leaf ameliorated leukemia via anti‐inflammatory, anti‐angiogenesis, and apoptosis pathways in vitro and in vivo.J. Food Biochem.2019437e1286810.1111/jfbc.12868 31353737
    [Google Scholar]
  138. DarmawanA. KoselaS. KardonoL.B.S. SyahY.M. Scopoletin, a coumarin derivative compound isolated from Macaranga gigantifolia Merr.J. Appl. Pharm. Sci.2012212175177
    [Google Scholar]
  139. ArcosM.L.B. CremaschiG. WernerS. CoussioJ. FerraroG. AnesiniC. Tilia cordata Mill. extracts and scopoletin (Isolated Compound): Differential cell growth effects on lymphocytes.Phyther Res An Int J Devoted to Pharmacol Toxicol Eval Nat Prod Deriv20062013440
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/cddt/10.2174/0115701638379522250412162643
Loading
/content/journals/cddt/10.2174/0115701638379522250412162643
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error
Please enter a valid_number test