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2000
Volume 15, Issue 9
  • ISSN: 2210-3155
  • E-ISSN: 2210-3163

Abstract

Background

In traditional medicine, species of the genus L. are used to treat various health conditions, such as eye disorders, respiratory infections, headaches, epilepsy, insomnia, as expectorants, and to promote wound healing.

Objective

The goal of this article was to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of three species from genus L. growing in Georgia: , and .

Methods

Initially, fractions containing both aerial and underground parts were air-dried, ground, and extracted with 80% ethanol. The extract was then concentrated by condensation and further dried through freeze-drying. Subsequently, additional chromatographic separations were carried out on Diaion HP-20 using solvents such as water, methanol (50% and 100%), and 100% ethyl acetate to isolate the desired fractions. To identify flavonoids and triterpene glycosides, the study employed thin-layer chromatography (TLC) alongside preliminary phytochemical tests. The antioxidant activity of these species was estimated by cell-free systems using ABTS and DPPH assays. The extracts' anti-inflammatory properties were evaluated using an cell system that isolated neutrophils. The study examined the extracts' impact on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in neutrophils stimulated with PMA, as well as their effect on the catalytic activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO), a marker of inflammation in neutrophils.

Results

Flavonoids and triterpene glycosides were primarily identified in the 50% and 100% methanol (MeOH) fractions of Primula species through TLC and preliminary phytochemical tests. For each experiment, gallic acid and quercetin served as standards at a concentration of 1 mg/ml, while the tested samples were prepared at concentrations of 5 mg/ml. Based on the IC findings, P. w 3 exhibits the most potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as evidenced by the following indicators: ABTS - IC=8.51 ± 0.18; DPPH - IC=34.57 ± 0.47; PMN - IC=0.68 ± 0.04; SIEFED - IC=1.49 ± 0.7; and classical IC=1.89 ± 0.01.

Conclusion

Among the tested fractions, only the fraction of the 3 species prepared in MeOH (50%) showed the best dose-dependent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, especially P.w 3 which is probably related to the high flavonoid content found in this species.

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Phytochemical Screening of Genus Primula Species Growing in Georgia and Study of their Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Potentials
Natural Products Journal, The 15, E22103155334830 (2025); https://doi.org/10.2174/0122103155334830240912072007
/content/journals/npj/10.2174/0122103155334830240912072007
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  • Article Type:     Research Article
Keyword(s): ABTS; antioxidant; DPPH; myeloperoxidase; neutrophils; Primula macrocalyx; Primula saguramica; Primula woronowii; reactive oxygen species stoichiometric; stoichiometric anticatalytic

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