Synthetic Techniques and Applications of Activated Nanostructurized Metals: Highlights up to 2008

Main methods for current production of metallic nanoparticles in different forms are reviewed. Metal nanoparticles are generally synthesized in form of nanopowders, nanowires, nanoclusters, nanorods, nanobelts, and nanofilms. Bi- and trimetallic clusters and alloys are also of an interest. Examined techniques for obtaining metal nanoparticles include chemical vapor and electrochemical deposition, use of γ-, X-ray, laser and UV-irradiation, ultrasonic and microwave treatment, electron- and ion-beams, arc discharge, decomposition and reduction of metal salts and complexes, and biosynthesis. A special attention is paid to Rieke and supported metals.