Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry - Volume 20, Issue 5, 2023

As one of the most efficient and cost-effective separation methods, Membrane technology has been mainly considered for different applications. But as with any method, there are some special drawbacks in membranes, such as fouling, concentration polarization, and durability, which can limit the membrane performance in terms of permeate flux and solute rejection. Superamphiphilic polymers have different applications in different fields, including liquid-liquid separation membranes, self-healing, antifouling, self-cleaning, and adsorbent coatings. Recently, these kinds of coatings were applied to different membrane systems, and the effects of coating on the membrane performance were evaluated. As a review, an overview of the most common methods for manufacturing membranes with a superamphiphilic surface, a general review of the explored practical applications of such coatings in membranes, conclusions about the current situation of research, and commercial applications of superamphiphilic membranes are presented in this study.

Heterocycles are the largest family of organic compounds due to their wide applications as therapeutic agents, synthetic intermediates, scaffolds, building blocks or fine chemicals. Heterocyclic compounds have been used in material science, biotechnology, pharmaceutical, and agrochemical industries. In the past few years, the use of transition metal complexes, especially palladium, as heterogeneous catalysts has become a trend for synthesising various organic compounds. Pd-catalyzed reactions have been proven to be effective for synthesising a variety of heterocyclic compounds, which are a popular class of molecules in the chemical study. Hence, in this review, we have discussed the palladium-catalyzed synthesis of various heterocyclic compounds, i.e., furan, indole, quinoline, coumarin, and some other heterocycle derivatives.

Porphyrin ligands are recognized for their special tendency to form metal porphyrin complexes of pronounced value. Such metal porphyrin complexes display promising roles as catalysts in various fields, viz., conversion reactions, oxidation reactions, organic synthesis, pharmaceutical areas, biological and environmental fields, and many more. Out of different metal porphyrins, manganese porphyrins are one of the appreciated metal porphyrins due to their valuable catalytic application and potential in cancer treatment. Herein, the proficient contribution of manganese porphyrins to the treatment of cancer along with the molecular pathways involved have been assessed based on the recent scientific literature available.

Quinone diazides are a class of diazo compounds, having a planar six-membered ring system with diazo, carbonyl, and alkene groups in conjugation. It has been used in optical, electronic, and polymer materials. In the last few years, these diazo compounds explored various rearrangements reactions and insertion reactions via the formation of metallo-carbenoids. Recently, it has been used to incorporate phenol moieties into hydrocarbons or arene/heteroarenes systems via transition metalcatalyzed C-H bond activation. The reactions proceed via C-H bond insertion or migratory insertion of metal-carbenes. In many cases, the site-selectivities were obtained by the guidance of various directing groups (removable or non-removable). At the same time, several asymmetric approaches were also studied to incorporate phenol derivatives to arenes/heteroarenes furnishing compounds showing axial chirality with high stereoselectivity. This review will mainly focus on directed regioselective arylation with quinone diazides under transition metal catalysis through C-H bond activation.

This review described the preparation of 2-chloroquinoline-3-carbaldehyde derivatives through Vilsmeier-Haack formylation of N-arylacetamides and their use as a key intermediate for the preparation of 2-aminoquinoline-3-carbaldehydes. The synthesis of the 2-aminoquinolines can be done through the following chemical reactions: Claisen-Schmidt condensation, 1, 3-dipolar cycloaddition, one-pot multicomponent reactions (MCRs), and reductive amination.