Skip to content
2000
Volume 11, Issue 3
  • ISSN: 2215-0838
  • E-ISSN: 2215-0846

Abstract

Background

The Aloe Vera plant has been used in India for several decades for the treatment of periodontal disease. The plant has been considered to have antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, but it is still used for the treatment of periodontitis inflammation.

Objective

The study's goal was to assess the function of Aloe vera in the treatment of periodontitis. The article summarized numerous clinical studies, trials reports, patent reports, and safety data in addition to the mechanism of action to provide an overview of Aloe Vera’s usefulness in the treatment of periodontitis.

Methods

The information for their review articles was acquired by using Google Scholar and PubMed as search engines, as well as a number of publishers, including Springer Nature, Bentham Science, Taylor & Francis, and Elsevier. ClinicalTrials.gov.in was referred to study the clinical trials data, and Google Patents was used as a search engine for collecting patent reports.

Results

Aloe Vera is useful for Periodontitis prevention and treatment due to its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant features. Aloe Vera can be used as an alternative to treat periodontitis and its related physiological effects such as gingivitis and mucositis, and various pre-clinical and clinical studies have been summarized that have demonstrated that using Aloe Vera significantly improved the mentioned conditions.

Conclusion

Aloe Vera is an herb that may be used to treat periodontitis and its associated negative effects. However, more preclinical and clinical research, might contribute to raising awareness and managing periodontitis.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/ctm/10.2174/0122150838267094231002173019
2023-10-22
2026-01-03
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. LöeH. The role of bacteria in periodontal diseases.Bull. World Health Organ.1981596821825 6978191
    [Google Scholar]
  2. SeymourG.J. Importance of the host response in the periodontium.J. Clin. Periodontol.199118642142610.1111/j.1600‑051X.1991.tb02310.x 1890222
    [Google Scholar]
  3. PockpaZAD StruillouX KoneD MobioGS SoueidanA BadranZ Periodontal diseases and age-related macular degeneration: is there a link? A review.Perm J201923418.26010.7812/TPP/18.26031926570
    [Google Scholar]
  4. KesicL. MilasinJ. IgicM. ObradovicR. Microbial etiology of periodontal disease.Facta Universitatis Series: Medicine and Biology200815116
    [Google Scholar]
  5. EbersoleJ.L. KirakoduS. NovakM.J. Cytokine gene expression profiles during initiation, progression and resolution of periodontitis.J. Clin. Periodontol.201441985386110.1111/jcpe.12286 24975876
    [Google Scholar]
  6. GravesD.T. The potential role of chemokines and inflammatory cytokines in periodontal disease progression.Clin. Infect. Dis.199928348249010.1086/515178 10194065
    [Google Scholar]
  7. PageR.C. The role of inflammatory mediators in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease.J. Periodontal Res.199126323024210.1111/j.1600‑0765.1991.tb01649.x 1679130
    [Google Scholar]
  8. TrindadeF. OppenheimF.G. HelmerhorstE.J. AmadoF. GomesP.S. VitorinoR. Uncovering the molecular networks in periodontitis.Proteomics Clin. Appl.201489-1074876110.1002/prca.201400028 24828325
    [Google Scholar]
  9. FullmerH.M. Collagenase and periodontal diseases: A review.J. Dent. Res.197150228829110.1177/00220345710500022301 4325084
    [Google Scholar]
  10. IrwinC.R. MyrillasT.T. The role of IL-6 in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease.Oral Dis.199841434710.1111/j.1601‑0825.1998.tb00255.x 9655045
    [Google Scholar]
  11. HaradaA. SekidoN. AkahoshiT. WadaT. MukaidaN. MatsushimaK. Essential involvement of interleukin-8 (IL-8) in acute inflammation.J. Leukoc. Biol.199456555956410.1002/jlb.56.5.559 7964163
    [Google Scholar]
  12. de RhamC. Ferrari-LacrazS. JendlyS. SchneiterG. DayerJ-M. VillardJ. The proinflammatory cytokines IL-2, IL-15 and IL-21 modulate the repertoire of mature human natural killer cell receptors.Arthritis Res. Ther.2007961510.1186/ar2336
    [Google Scholar]
  13. RamadanD.E. HariyaniN. IndrawatiR. RidwanR.D. DiyatriI. Cytokines and chemokines in periodontitis.Eur. J. Dent.202014348349510.1055/s‑0040‑1712718 32575137
    [Google Scholar]
  14. KinaneD.F. StathopoulouP.G. PapapanouP.N. Periodontal diseases.Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers2017311703810.1038/nrdp.2017.38
    [Google Scholar]
  15. ReynoldsT. DweckA.C. Aloe vera leaf gel: A review update.J. Ethnopharmacol.1999681-333710.1016/S0378‑8741(99)00085‑9 10624859
    [Google Scholar]
  16. AhmadM. AliS.A. AliA.S. ChaubeyK.K. Epidemiological and etiological study of oral submucous fibrosis among gutkha chewers of Patna, Bihar, India.J. Indian Soc. Pedod. Prev. Dent.2006242848910.4103/0970‑4388.26022 16823233
    [Google Scholar]
  17. KwanH.W. A statistical study on oral carcinomas in Taiwan with emphasis on the relationship with betel nut chewing: a preliminary report.J. Formos. Med. Assoc.197675497505
    [Google Scholar]
  18. SinorP.N. GuptaP.C. MurtiP.R. BhonsleR.B. DaftaryD.K. MehtaF.S. A case-control study of oral submucous fibrosis with special reference to the etiologic role of areca nut.J. Oral Pathol. Med.1990199498
    [Google Scholar]
  19. HardieJ. Oral submucous fibrosis. A review with case reports.J. Can. Dent. Assoc.1987535389393 3555737
    [Google Scholar]
  20. CaniffJ.P. HarveyW. The etiology of oral submucous fibrosis: The stimulation of collagen synthesis by extracts of areca nut.Int. J. Oral Surg.198110163167 6807873
    [Google Scholar]
  21. RajalalithaP. ValiS. Molecular pathogenesis of oral submucous fibrosis - a collagen metabolic disorder.J. Oral Pathol. Med.200534632132810.1111/j.1600‑0714.2005.00325.x 15946178
    [Google Scholar]
  22. ChangJ.Z.C. YangW.H. DengY.T. ChenH.M. KuoM.Y.P. EGCG blocks TGFβ1-induced CCN2 by suppressing JNK and p38 in buccal fibroblasts.Clin. Oral Investig.201317245546110.1007/s00784‑012‑0713‑5 22415218
    [Google Scholar]
  23. KaleA.D. ManeD.R. ShuklaD. Expression of transforming growth factor β and its correlation with lipodystrophy in oral submucous fibrosis: An immunohistochemical study.Med. Oral Patol. Oral Cir. Bucal2013181e12e1810.4317/medoral.18226 22926483
    [Google Scholar]
  24. PapapanouP.N. SanzM. BuduneliN. Periodontitis: Consensus report of workgroup 2 of the 2017 world workshop on the classification of periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions.J. Periodontol.201889S1S173S18210.1002/JPER.17‑0721 29926951
    [Google Scholar]
  25. TonettiM.S. GreenwellH. KornmanK.S. Staging and grading of periodontitis: Framework and proposal of a new classification and case definition.J. Periodontol.201889S1S159S17210.1002/JPER.18‑0006 29926952
    [Google Scholar]
  26. FujitaT. YoshimotoT. KajiyaM. Regulation of defensive function on gingival epithelial cells can prevent periodontal disease.Jpn. Dent. Sci. Rev.2018542667510.1016/j.jdsr.2017.11.003 29755617
    [Google Scholar]
  27. SongB. ZhangY.L. ChenL.J. The role of Toll-like receptors in periodontitis.Oral Dis.201723216818010.1111/odi.12468 26923115
    [Google Scholar]
  28. BehmC. BlufsteinA. GahnJ. Soluble cd14 enhances the response of periodontal ligament stem cells to toll-like receptor 2 agonists.Mediators Inflamm.2019201911310.1155/2019/8127301 31178663
    [Google Scholar]
  29. DukaM. ErakovićM. DolićaninZ. StefanovićD. ČolićM. Production of soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-bligand and osteoprotegerin by apical periodontitis cells in culture and their modulation by cytokines.Mediators Inflamm.2019201911110.1155/2019/8325380 31011287
    [Google Scholar]
  30. BostanciN. AbeT. BelibasakisG.N. HajishengallisG. TREM-1 is upregulated in experimental periodontitis, and its blockade inhibits IL-17A and RANKL expression and suppresses bone loss.J. Clin. Med.2019810157910.3390/jcm8101579 31581596
    [Google Scholar]
  31. CavallaF. Araujo-PiresA.C. BiguettiC.C. GarletG.P. Cytokine networks regulating inflammation and immune defense in the oral cavity.Curr. Oral Health Rep.20141210411310.1007/s40496‑014‑0016‑9
    [Google Scholar]
  32. KornmanK.S. PageR.C. TonettiM.S. The host response to the microbial challenge in periodontitis: assembling the players.Periodontol. 20001997141335310.1111/j.1600‑0757.1997.tb00191.x 9567965
    [Google Scholar]
  33. MiraA. Simon-SoroA. CurtisM.A. Role of microbial communities in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases and caries.J. Clin. Periodontol.201744S18S23S3810.1111/jcpe.12671 28266108
    [Google Scholar]
  34. SilvaN. AbuslemeL. BravoD. DutzanN. Garcia-SesnichJ. VernalT. Host response mechanisms in periodontal diseases.J. Appl. Oral Sci.2015
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Muñoz CarrilloJ.L. Castro GarcíaF.P. Gutiérrez CoronadoO. Moreno GarcíaM.A. Contreras CorderoJ.F. Physiology and pathology of innate immune response against pathogens.In: Physiology and Pathology of Immunology.Intechopen201710.5772/intechopen.70556
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Muñoz-CarrilloJ.L. Ortega-Martín Del CampoJ. Gutiérrez-CoronadoO. Villalobos-GutiérrezP.T. Contreras-CorderoJ.F. Ventura-JuárezJ. Adipose tissue and inflammation.In: Adipose Tissue.IntechOpen201810.5772/intechopen.74227
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Muñoz-CarrilloJL Contreras-CorderoJF Gutiérrez-CoronadoO Villalobos-GutiérrezPT Ramos-GraciaLG Hernández-ReyesVE Cytokine Profiling Plays a Crucial Role in Activating Immune System to Clear Infectious Pathogens.10.5772/intechopen.80843
    [Google Scholar]
  38. HajishengallisG. KorostoffJ.M. Revisiting the Page & Schroeder model: The good, the bad and the unknowns in the periodontal host response 40 years later.Periodontol. 2000201775111615110.1111/prd.12181 28758305
    [Google Scholar]
  39. RathodS.R. RajA. SardaT. MaskeS. Aloe Vera: A natural remedy.SRM J Res Dent Sci20189132
    [Google Scholar]
  40. NdhlalaA.R. AmooS.O. StaffordG.I. FinnieJ.F. Van StadenJ. Antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and mutagenic investigation of the South African tree aloe (Aloe barberae).J. Ethnopharmacol.2009124340440810.1016/j.jep.2009.05.037 19505552
    [Google Scholar]
  41. AthibanP. BorthakurB. GanesanS. SwathikaB. Evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of Aloe vera and its effectiveness in decontaminating gutta percha cones.J. Conserv. Dent.201215324624810.4103/0972‑0707.97949 22876011
    [Google Scholar]
  42. SahebjameeM. MansourianA. HajimirzamohammadM. Comparative efficacy of Aloe Vera and benzydamine mouthwashes on radiation-induced oral mucositis: A triple-blind, randomised, controlled clinical trial.Oral Health Prev. Dent.2015134309315 25431805
    [Google Scholar]
  43. MansouriP. HaghighiM. BeheshtipourN. RamziM. The effect of Aloe Vera solution on chemotherapy-induced stomatitis in clients with lymphoma and leukemia: A randomized controlled clinical trial.Int. J. Community Based Nurs. Midwifery201642119126 27218109
    [Google Scholar]
  44. AnuradhaA. PatilB. AshaV.R. Evaluation of efficacy of aloe vera in the treatment of oral submucous fibrosis - a clinical study.J. Oral Pathol. Med.2017461505510.1111/jop.12463 27314762
    [Google Scholar]
  45. SinghS. HebbaleM. SinghN. MhapuskarA. NisaS.U. ThopteS. Effectiveness of aloe vera and antioxidant along with physiotherapy in the management of oral submucous fibrosis.J. Contemp. Dent. Pract.2016171788410.5005/jp‑journals‑10024‑1806 27084867
    [Google Scholar]
  46. KurianI.G. DileepP. IpshitaS. PradeepA.R. Comparative evaluation of subgingivally‐delivered 1% metformin and Aloe vera gel in the treatment of intrabony defects in chronic periodontitis patients: A randomized, controlled clinical trial.J. Investig. Clin. Dent.201893e1232410.1111/jicd.12324 29981205
    [Google Scholar]
  47. DeepuS.L. KumarK.C. NayarB.R. Efficacy of Aloe Vera gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in management of chronic localized moderate periodontitis: A randomized clinical trial.Int. J. Oral Care Res.20186S49S53
    [Google Scholar]
  48. HudwekarA. BeldarA. MurkuteS. LendheyS. ThamkeM. Aloe vera on wound healing after periodontal flap surgery in chronic periodontitis patient: A randomized control trial.J Oral Res Rev20191127210.4103/jorr.jorr_14_19
    [Google Scholar]
  49. AnahitaA.M. GolparR. YousefJ. NargesK. Clinical evaluation of effects of local application of Aloe Vera gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planning in patients with chronic periodontitis.J. Dent.2017183165172
    [Google Scholar]
  50. KhalidF. AhmedS. FarooquiW.A. Comparative Efficacy of Gingival Massage of Aloe-vera gel and Sidr Honey on Gingival health: A randomized clinical trial.Research Square10.21203/rs.3.rs‑2441890/v1
    [Google Scholar]
  51. VirdiH. JainS. SharmaS. Effect of locally delivered aloe vera gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: A clinical study.Indian J Dent Sci2012328410.4103/0976‑6944.106460
    [Google Scholar]
  52. PenmetsaG. SubbareddyB. MopideviA. ArunbhupathiP. BaipalliV. PittaS. Comparing the effect of combination of 1% ornidazole and 0.25% chlorhexidine gluconate (Ornigreat™) gel and Aloe Vera gel in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: A randomized, single-blind, split-mouth study.Contemp. Clin. Dent.201910222623110.4103/ccd.ccd_407_18 32308282
    [Google Scholar]
  53. SinghH.P. MuzammilS.G. BabuK.N. VinodK.S. RaoH.P. Comparative study to evaluate the effectiveness of Aloe Vera and metronidazole in adjunct to scaling and root planing in periodontitis patients.J. Int. Oral Health201683374377
    [Google Scholar]
  54. VangipuramS. JhaA. BhashyamM. Comparative efficacy of aloe vera mouthwash and chlorhexidine on periodontal health: A randomized controlled trial.J. Clin. Exp. Dent.201684e442e44710.4317/jced.53033 27703614
    [Google Scholar]
  55. QamarZ. AlmohanaS.A. Khalid AlanaziA. Khalid AlanaziA. AlmohanaA.A. ZeeshanT. Clinical evaluation of the effects of topical indocyanine-green mediated photosensitiser vs aloe vera gel as adjunct therapy to scaling and root planing in chronic periodontitis patients.Oral Health Prev. Dent.2021191489494 34585874
    [Google Scholar]
  56. Aloe vera gel as adjunct therapy to scaling and root planing in chronic periodontitis patients.Oral Health Prev. Dent.202119489494
    [Google Scholar]
  57. SantoshM. Local drug delivery of aloe vera gel in chronic periodontitis.Patent NCT024629932015
  58. NourhanM. Evaluation of local delivery of aloe vera gel as an adjunct to non-surgical treatment in patients with chronic periodontitis.Patent NCT046155852020
  59. FizzaK. Comparison of the Effect of Gingival Massage of Aloevera Gel and Sidr Honey on Chronic Periodontitis.Patent NCT05231092020
  60. NehaM. Efficacy of aloevera gel gum massaging and adjunct to scaling and root planing in chronic periodontitis patients.Patent NCT030835352017
  61. PradeepA.R. Locally delivered metformin and aloe vera for treatment of intrabody defects in chronic periodontitis.Patent NCT032040712017
  62. PradeepA.R. Local host modulating agents alendronate & aloe vera for treatment of furcation defects in chronic periodontitis.Patent NCT032040972017
  63. DrA. R. Pradeep aloe vera in chronic periodontitis.Patent NCT023860202015
  64. GurbaniK. Locally delivered aloe vera gel in the treatment of chronic periodontitis patients with diabetes mellitus.Patent NCT024377472015
  65. AmirhosseinF. Compare the efficacy of aloe vera mouthwash with non- alcoholic chlorhexidine mouthwash on periodontal diseases.Patent NCT025608702016
  66. KarbasizadeS. GhorbaniF. Ghasemi DarestaniN. Mansouri-TehraniM.M. KazemiA.H. Comparison of therapeutic effects of statins and aloe vera mouthwash on chemotherapy induced oral mucositis.Int. J. Physiol. Pathophysiol. Pharmacol.2021134110116 34540131
    [Google Scholar]
  67. LimaI.C.G.S. de Fátima Souto MaiorL. GueirosL.A.M. LeãoJ.C. HiginoJ.S. CarvalhoA.A.T. Clinical applicability of natural products for prevention and treatment of oral mucositis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clin. Oral Investig.20212564115412410.1007/s00784‑020‑03743‑1 33409696
    [Google Scholar]
  68. GubertiM. BottiS. CaffarriC. Efficacy and safety of a colostrum- and Aloe vera-based oral care protocol to prevent and treat severe oral mucositis in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A single-arm phase II study.Ann. Hematol.2022101102325233610.1007/s00277‑022‑04934‑4 35922679
    [Google Scholar]
  69. Shakilur RahmanA.F. JannatT. Ara HaiderI. Effectiveness of Aloe Vera in the managementof oral mucosal diseases: A systematic review.IJSRDMS2021313545
    [Google Scholar]
  70. Gok MetinZ. HelvaciA. Gulbahar ErenM. Effects of Aloe vera in adults with mucocutaneous problems: A systematic review and meta‐analysis.J. Adv. Nurs.20217731105112610.1111/jan.14653 33336470
    [Google Scholar]
  71. FaramarziM KhorramdelA BabalooAR SadighiM SadaghianA Effect of topical Aloe Vera gel on gingival crevicular fluid interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-17 levels in patients with chronicperiodontitis; A double-blind split-mouth randomized clinical trial.Immunopathol persa202311e34426
    [Google Scholar]
  72. LudenaM.S. Oral antimicrobial composition and use thereof in treating of dental plaque and gingivitis.US Patent 10/532,2682006
  73. Amelio SrF.S. MirhomY.W. Method and composition for treating oral bacteria and inflammation.US Patent 7,829,0672010
  74. DeBaunD. PascoD.S. PughN.D. PashkowskyA. NeedlemanA. Aloe preparation for skin enhancement.US patent US 10,543,2472020
  75. VarpeB.D. kulkarniAA MaliAS. Aloe vera compositions used for medicinal applications: A patent review (2013-till 2020).Recent Pat. Food Nutr. Agric.202112210411110.2174/2212798411999201228192616 33371842
    [Google Scholar]
  76. ScottD.C. SankerL.A. GoulbourneE.A. Personal care compositions comprising an antimicrobial blend of essential oils or constituents thereof.US Patent 12/062,8702008
  77. BrownH.G. CooperC.A. HennessyK.J. BrownK.K. Pharmaceutical composition of complex carbohydrates and essential oils and methods of using the same.US Patent US 9,220,2902015
  78. LöeH. AnerudA. BoysenH. SmithM. The natural history of periodontal disease in man. The rate of periodontal destruction before 40 years of age.J. Periodontol.1978491260762010.1902/jop.1978.49.12.607 282430
    [Google Scholar]
  79. SackettD.L. Rules of evidence and clinical recommendations on the use of antithrombotic agents.Chest198995S22S4S10.1378/chest.95.2_Supplement.2S 2914516
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/ctm/10.2174/0122150838267094231002173019
Loading
/content/journals/ctm/10.2174/0122150838267094231002173019
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error
Please enter a valid_number test