Skip to content
2000
Volume 32, Issue 3
  • ISSN: 1381-6128
  • E-ISSN: 1873-4286

Abstract

Neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) are crucial for anesthesia, enabling intubation and optimal surgical conditions. Timely reversal of blockade is critical for safe extubation and recovery. While neostigmine, a traditional reversal agent, is effective for moderate blockade, it has limitations in reversing deep blockade and requires anticholinergics to mitigate side effects. Sugammadex, a novel agent, addresses these limitations by selectively encapsulating aminosteroid NMBAs like rocuronium, providing rapid and reliable reversal. It demonstrates significant advantages, including faster recovery and reduced postoperative complications, especially in high-risk populations such as elderly patients or those with organ dysfunction. However, challenges such as high costs and potential adverse effects, including hypersensitivity and cardiovascular events, restrict its routine use. This review explores sugammadex’s pharmacological features, clinical applications, and cost-effectiveness, offering strategies to optimize its use in complex surgical scenarios while addressing current limitations.

© 2026 Bentham Science Publishers
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/cpd/10.2174/0113816128379883250616051732
2025-07-01
2025-12-23

  • From This Site

    /content/journals/cpd/10.2174/0113816128379883250616051732
    dcterms_title,dcterms_subject,pub_keyword
    -contentType:Contributor -contentType:Concept -contentType:Institution
    10
    5
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. MirakhurR.K. New developments in nondepolarizing muscle relaxants.Yale J Biol Med19936654637825348
     [Google Scholar]
  2. PaechM.J. KayeR. BaberC. NathanE.A. Recovery characteristics of patients receiving either sugammadex or neostigmine and glycopyrrolate for reversal of neuromuscular block: A randomised controlled trial.Anaesthesia201873334034729214645
     [Google Scholar]
  3. BucheeryB.A. IsaH.M. RafiqO. AlmansooriN.A. RazaqZ.A.A. GaweZ.A. AlmoosawiJ.A. Residual neuromuscular blockade and postoperative pulmonary complications in the post-anesthesia care unit: A prospective observational study.Cureus20231512e5101310.7759/cureus.5101338264400
     [Google Scholar]
  4. NaguibM. KopmanA.F. EnsorJ.E. Neuromuscular monitoring and postoperative residual curarisation: a meta-analysis.Br. J. Anaesth.200798330231610.1093/bja/ael386717307778
     [Google Scholar]
  5. ÖzbeyN.B. AbdullahT. DeligözÖ. Residual neuromuscular block in the postanesthesia care unit: Incidence, risk factors, and effect of neuromuscular monitoring and reversal agents.Turk. J. Med. Sci.20225251656166436422506
     [Google Scholar]
  6. YipP.C. HannamJ.A. CameronA.J.D. CampbellD. Incidence of residual neuromuscular blockade in a post-anaesthetic care unit.Anaesth. Intensive Care2010381919510.1177/0310057X100380011620191783
     [Google Scholar]
  7. YuB. OuyangB. GeS. LuoY. LiJ. NiD. HuS. XuH. LiuJ. MinS. LiL. MaZ. XieK. MiaoC. WuX. Incidence of postoperative residual neuromuscular blockade after general anesthesia: A prospective, multicenter, anesthetist-blind, observational study.Curr. Med. Res. Opin.20163211910.1185/03007995.2015.110321326452561
     [Google Scholar]
  8. BrullS.J. MurphyG.S. Residual neuromuscular block: Lessons unlearned. Part II: Methods to reduce the risk of residual weakness.Anesth. Analg.2010111112914010.1213/ANE.0b013e3181da831220442261
     [Google Scholar]
  9. MurphyG.S. SzokolJ.W. FranklinM. MarymontJ.H. AvramM.J. VenderJ.S. Postanesthesia care unit recovery times and neuromuscular blocking drugs: A prospective study of orthopedic surgical patients randomized to receive pancuronium or rocuronium.Anesth. Analg.200498119320010.1213/01.ANE.0000095040.36648.F714693617
     [Google Scholar]
  10. BissingerU. SchimekF. LenzG. Postoperative residual paralysis and respiratory status: A comparative study of pancuronium and vecuronium.Physiol Res.200049Z445510.33549/physiolres.930000.49.455
     [Google Scholar]
  11. SundmanE. WittH. OlssonR. EkbergO. KuylenstiernaR. ErikssonL.I. The incidence and mechanisms of pharyngeal and upper esophageal dysfunction in partially paralyzed humans: Pharyngeal videoradiography and simultaneous manometry after atracurium.Anesthesiology200092497798410.1097/00000542‑200004000‑0001410754616
     [Google Scholar]
  12. NaguibM. BrullS.J. KopmanA.F. HunterJ.M. FülesdiB. ArkesH.R. ElsteinA. ToddM.M. JohnsonK.B. Consensus statement on perioperative use of neuromuscular monitoring.Anesth. Analg.20181271718010.1213/ANE.000000000000267029200077
     [Google Scholar]
  13. BrullS.J. KopmanA.F. Current status of neuromuscular reversal and monitoring.Anesthesiology2017126117319010.1097/ALN.000000000000140927820709
     [Google Scholar]
  14. AndersonA. García-FandiñoR. PiñeiroÁ. O’ConnorM.S. Unraveling the molecular dynamics of sugammadex-rocuronium complexation: A blueprint for cyclodextrin drug design.Carbohydr. Polym.202433412201838553217
     [Google Scholar]
  15. HoningG.H.M. MartiniC.H. BomA. van VelzenM. NiestersM. AartsL.P.H.J. DahanA. BoonM. Safety of sugammadex for reversal of neuromuscular block.Expert Opin. Drug Saf.2019181088389110.1080/14740338.2019.164939331359807
     [Google Scholar]
  16. de BoerH.D. van EgmondJ. van de PolF. BomA. BooijL.H.D.J. Reversal of profound rocuronium neuromuscular blockade by sugammadex in anesthetized rhesus monkeys.Anesthesiology2006104471872310.1097/00000542‑200604000‑0001616571967
     [Google Scholar]
  17. HawkinsJ. KhannaS. ArgaliousM. Sugammadex for reversal of neuromuscular blockade: Uses and limitations.Curr. Pharm. Des.201925192140214810.2174/138161282566619070410114531272347
     [Google Scholar]
  18. SacanO. WhiteP.F. TufanogullariB. KleinK. Sugammadex reversal of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade: a comparison with neostigmine-glycopyrrolate and edrophonium-atropine.Anesth. Analg.2007104356957410.1213/01.ane.0000248224.42707.4817312210
     [Google Scholar]
  19. DuvaldestinP. KuizengaK. SaldienV. ClaudiusC. ServinF. KleinJ. DebaeneB. HeeringaM. A randomized, dose-response study of sugammadex given for the reversal of deep rocuronium- or vecuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade under sevoflurane anesthesia.Anesth. Analg.20101101748210.1213/ANE.0b013e3181c3be3c19933538
     [Google Scholar]
  20. LinY.T. TingC.K. HsuH.S. Sugammadex shortens operation time and improves operation turnover efficacy in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.J. Chin. Med. Assoc.202487444845210.1097/JCMA.000000000000108038391199
     [Google Scholar]
  21. ParkY.S. KimJ. KimS.H. MoonY.J. KwonH.M. ParkH.S. KimW.J. HaS. Comparison of recovery profiles in patients with Parkinson’s disease for 2 types of neuromuscular blockade reversal agent following deep brain stimulator implantation.Medicine (Baltimore)20199852e1840610.1097/MD.000000000001840631876713
     [Google Scholar]
  22. KheterpalS. VaughnM.T. DubovoyT.Z. ShahN.J. BashL.D. ColquhounD.A. ShanksA.M. MathisM.R. SotoR.G. BardiaA. BartelsK. McCormickP.J. SchonbergerR.B. SaagerL. Sugammadex versus Neostigmine for reversal of neuromuscular blockade and postoperative pulmonary complications (STRONGER).Anesthesiology202013261371138110.1097/ALN.000000000000325632282427
     [Google Scholar]
  23. LedowskiT. Szabó-MaákZ. LohP.S. TurlachB.A. YangH.S. de BoerH.D. AsztalosL. ShariffuddinI.I. ChanL. FülesdiB. Reversal of residual neuromuscular block with neostigmine or sugammadex and postoperative pulmonary complications: A prospective, randomised, double-blind trial in high-risk older patients.Br. J. Anaesth.2021127231632310.1016/j.bja.2021.04.02634127252
     [Google Scholar]
  24. MatN.I.S.N. YeohC.N. MaayaM. ZainJ.M. OoiJ.S.M. Effects of Sugammadex and Neostigmine on post-operative nausea and vomiting in ENT surgery.Front. Med. (Lausanne)2022990513110.3389/fmed.2022.9051335669920
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Martinez-UbietoJ. Aragón-BenedíC. de PedroJ. Cea-CalvoL. MorellA. JiangY. CedilloS. Ramírez-BoixP. Pascual-BellostaA.M. Economic impact of improving patient safety using Sugammadex for routine reversal of neuromuscular blockade in Spain.BMC Anesthesiol.20212115533593283
     [Google Scholar]
  26. LinnD.D. RenewJ.R. The impact of sugammadex dosing and administration practices on potential cost savings for pharmacy departments.Am. J. Health Syst. Pharm.20248119e575e58310.1093/ajhp/zxae12438725325
     [Google Scholar]
  27. Murphy GS, Szokol JW, Avram MJ, et al. Residual neuromuscular block in the elderly: Incidence and clinical implications.Anesthesiology201512361322-3610.1097/ALN.000000000000086526448469
     [Google Scholar]
  28. OhM.W. MohapatraS.G. PakT. HermawanA. ChenC.A. ThotaB. ChenJ. SiuE. ParkJ. MoonT.S. Sugammadex versus Neostigmine for reversal of neuromuscular blockade in patients with severe renal impairment: A randomized, double-blinded study.Anesth. Analg.202413851043105110.1213/ANE.000000000000680738190344
     [Google Scholar]
  29. BijkerkV. JacobsL.M. AlbersK.I. GurusamyK.S. van LaarhovenC.J. KeijzerC. WarléM.C. Deep neuromuscular blockade in adults undergoing an abdominal laparoscopic procedure.Cochrane Database Syst. Rev.202411CD01319710.1002/14651858.CD013197.pub238288876
     [Google Scholar]
  30. HristovskaA.M. DuchP. AllingstrupM. AfshariA. The comparative efficacy and safety of sugammadex and neostigmine in reversing neuromuscular blockade in adults. A Cochrane systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis.Anaesthesia201873563164110.1111/anae.1416029280475
     [Google Scholar]
  31. HuangC. WangX. GaoS. LuoW. ZhaoX. ZhouQ. HuangW. XiaoY. Sugammadex versus Neostigmine for recovery of respiratory muscle strength measured by ultrasonography in the postextubation period: A randomized controlled trial.Anesth. Analg.2023136355956810.1213/ANE.000000000000621936279410
     [Google Scholar]
  32. AbolaR.E. RomeiserJ. RizwanS. LungB. GuptaR. Bennett-GuerreroE. A randomized-controlled trial of sugammadex versus neostigmine: Impact on early postoperative strength.Can. J. Anaesth.202067895996910.1007/s12630‑020‑01695‑432405975
     [Google Scholar]
  33. HerringW.J. MukaiY. WangA. LutkiewiczJ. LombardJ.F. LinL. WatkinsM. BroussardD.M. BlobnerM. A randomized trial evaluating the safety profile of sugammadex in high surgical risk ASA physical class 3 or 4 participants.BMC Anesthesiol.202121125910.1186/s12871‑021‑01477‑534711192
     [Google Scholar]
  34. SchmidtM.T. ParedesS. RösslerJ. MukhiaR. PuX. MaoG. TuranA. RuetzlerK. Postoperative risk of transfusion after reversal of residual neuromuscular block with Sugammadex versus Neostigmine: A retrospective cohort study.Anesth. Analg.2023136474575210.1213/ANE.000000000000627536651854
     [Google Scholar]
  35. RuetzlerK. LiK. ChhabadaS. MaheshwariK. ChaharP. KhannaS. SchmidtM.T. YangD. TuranA. SesslerD.I. Sugammadex versus Neostigmine for reversal of residual neuromuscular blocks after surgery: A retrospective cohort analysis of postoperative side effects.Anesth. Analg.202213451043105310.1213/ANE.000000000000584235020636
     [Google Scholar]
  36. JiY. YuanH. ChenY. ZhangX. WuF. TangW. LuZ. HuangC. Sugammadex is associated with reduced pulmonary complications in patients with respiratory dysfunction.J. Surg. Res.202329013314010.1016/j.jss.2023.04.02337267702
     [Google Scholar]
  37. LiG. FreundlichR.E. GuptaR.K. HayhurstC.J. LeC.H. MartinB.J. ShotwellM.S. WandererJ.P. Postoperative pulmonary complications’ association with Sugammadex versus Neostigmine: A retrospective registry analysis.Anesthesiology2021134686287310.1097/ALN.000000000000373533730169
     [Google Scholar]
  38. KirmeierE. ErikssonL.I. LewaldH. Jonsson FagerlundM. HoeftA. HollmannM. MeistelmanC. HunterJ.M. UlmK. BlobnerM. Post-anaesthesia pulmonary complications after use of muscle relaxants (POPULAR): A multicentre, prospective observational study.Lancet Respir. Med.20197212914010.1016/S2213‑2600(18)30294‑730224322
     [Google Scholar]
  39. SchlesingerT. MeybohmP. KrankeP. Postoperative nausea and vomiting: risk factors, prediction tools, and algorithms.Curr. Opin. Anaesthesiol.202336111712310.1097/ACO.000000000000122036550611
     [Google Scholar]
  40. JuJ.W. HwangI.E. ChoH.Y. YangS.M. KimW.H. LeeH.J. Effects of Sugammadex versus neostigmine on postoperative nausea and vomiting after general anesthesia in adult patients: Asingle-center retrospective study.Sci. Rep.2023131542210.1038/s41598‑023‑3273037012336
     [Google Scholar]
  41. ChhabraR. GuptaR. GuptaL.K. Sugammadex versus Neostigmine for reversal of neuromuscular blockade in adults and children: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Curr. Drug Saf.2024191334310.2174/157488631866623030212463436861797
     [Google Scholar]
  42. YağanÖ. TaşN. MutluT. HancıV. Comparison of the effects of sugammadex and neostigmine on postoperative nausea and vomiting.Braz. J. Anesthesiol.201767214715210.1016/j.bjane.2015.08.00328236862
     [Google Scholar]
  43. OhT.K. JiE. NaH.S. The effect of neuromuscular reversal agent on postoperative pain after laparoscopic gastric cancer surgery: Comparison between the neostigmine and sugammadex.Medicine (Baltimore)20199826e1614210.1097/MD.000000000001614231261539
     [Google Scholar]
  44. CastroD.S.Jr LeãoP. BorgesS. GomesL. PachecoM. FigueiredoP. Sugammadex reduces postoperative pain after laparoscopic bariatric surgery: A randomized trial.Surg. Laparosc. Endosc. Percutan. Tech.201424542042310.1097/SLE.000000000000004924752165
     [Google Scholar]
  45. RenewJ.R. BrullS.J. Moving perioperative care forward while reversing: Is there hidden benefit to neuromuscular blockade antagonism with sugammadex?J. Clin. Anesth.20249611135710.1016/j.jclinane.2023.11135738103989
     [Google Scholar]
  46. BashL.D. TurzhitskyV. MarkR.J. HoferI.S. WeingartenT.N. Post- operative urinary retention is impacted by neuromuscular block reversal agent choice: A retrospective cohort study in US hospital setting.J. Clin. Anesth.20249311134410.1016/j.jclinane.2023.11134438007845
     [Google Scholar]
  47. DeljouA. SoleimaniJ. SprungJ. SchroederD.R. WeingartenT.N. Effects of reversal technique for neuromuscular paralysis on time to recovery of bowel function after Craniotomy.Am. Surg.20238951605160910.1177/0003134821105863134986061
     [Google Scholar]
  48. MirakhurR.K. Sugammadex in clinical practice.Anaesthesia200964s1Suppl. 1455410.1111/j.1365‑2044.2008.05870.x19222431
     [Google Scholar]
  49. WachtendorfL.J. TartlerT.M. AhrensE. WittA.S. AzimaraghiO. FassbenderP. SuleimanA. LinhardtF.C. BlankM. NabelS.Y. ChaoJ.Y. GoriackoP. MirhajiP. HouleT.T. SchaeferM.S. EikermannM. Comparison of the effects of Sugammadex versus neostigmine for reversal of neuromuscular block on hospital costs of care.Br. J. Anaesth.2023130213314110.1016/j.bja.2022.10.01536564246
     [Google Scholar]
  50. AzimaraghiO. AhrensE. WongtangmanK. WittA.S. RuppS. SuleimanA. TartlerT.M. WachtendorfL.J. FassbenderP. ChoiceC. HouleT.T. EikermannM. SchaeferM.S. Association of sugammadex reversal of neuromuscular block and postoperative length of stay in the ambulatory care facility: A multicentre hospital registry study.Br. J. Anaesth.2023130329630410.1016/j.bja.2022.10.04436535827
     [Google Scholar]
  51. BowdleT.A. HaththotuwegamaK.J. JelacicS. NguyenS.T. TogashiK. MichaelsenK.E. A dose-finding study of Sugammadex for reversal of rocuronium in cardiac surgery patients and postoperative monitoring for recurrent paralysis.Anesthesiology2023139161510.1097/ALN.000000000000457837027807
     [Google Scholar]
  52. Van LanckerP. DillemansB. BogaertT. MulierJ.P. De KockM. HaspeslaghM. Ideal versus corrected body weight for dosage of sugammadex in morbidly obese patients.Anaesthesia201166872172510.1111/j.1365‑2044.2011.06782.x21692760
     [Google Scholar]
  53. ChoiS.C. HanS. KwakJ. LeeJ.Y. Anaphylaxis induced by sugammadex and sugammadex-rocuronium complex: A case report-.Korean J. Anesthesiol.202073434234610.4097/kja.1934431619026
     [Google Scholar]
  54. EboD.G. BaldoB.A. Van GasseA.L. MertensC. ElstJ. SermeusL. BridtsC.H. HagendorensM.M. De ClerckL.S. SabatoV. Anaphylaxis to sugammadex-rocuronium inclusion complex: An IgE-mediated reaction due to allergenic changes at the sugammadex primary rim.J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. Pract.20208414101415.e310.1016/j.jaip.2019.11.01831785411
     [Google Scholar]
  55. MiyazakiY. SunagaH. KidaK. HoboS. InoueN. MutoM. UezonoS. Incidence of Anaphylaxis associated with Sugammadex.Anesth. Analg.201812651505150810.1213/ANE.000000000000256229064876
     [Google Scholar]
  56. HoriuchiT. TakazawaT. OriharaM. SakamotoS. Saito S. Drug-induced anaphylaxis during general anesthesia in 14 tertiary hospitals in Japan: A retrospective, multicenter, observational study.J Anesth202135115416010.1007/s00540‑020‑02886‑5
     [Google Scholar]
  57. Lopez-RaigadaA. Vega de la OsadaF. Lopez-SanzC. Múgica GarcíaM.V. AlfrancaA. BlancoC. Severe perioperative Anaphylaxis due to allergy to the Sugammadex-Rocuronium complex.J. Investig. Allergol. Clin. Immunol.202232216316410.18176/jiaci.073034213417
     [Google Scholar]
  58. Mao X. Zhang X. Liang X. Liu F. Wang M. A pharmacovigilance study of FDA adverse events for sugammadex. J Clin Anesth.20249711150910.1016/j.jclinane.2024.111509
     [Google Scholar]
  59. LuoJ. ChenS. MinS. PengL. Reevaluation and update on efficacy and safety of neostigmine for reversal of neuromuscular blockade.Ther. Clin. Risk Manag.2018142397240610.2147/TCRM.S17942030573962
     [Google Scholar]
  60. AlsuhebaniM. SimsT. HansenJ.K. HakimM. WaliaH. MillerR. TuminD. TobiasJ.D. Heart rate changes following the administration of sugammadex in children: A prospective, observational study.J. Anesth.202034223824210.1007/s00540‑019‑02729‑y31980926
     [Google Scholar]
  61. BhavaniS.S. Severe bradycardia and asystole after sugammadex.Br. J. Anaesth.20181211959610.1016/j.bja.2018.02.03629935601
     [Google Scholar]
  62. BooK.Y. ParkS.H. ParkS.K. NaC. KimH.J. Cardiac arrest due to coronary vasospasm after sugammadex administration: A case report-.Korean J. Anesthesiol.2023761727610.4097/kja.2233535978452
     [Google Scholar]
  63. WuT.S. TsengW.C. LaiH.C. HuangY.H. WuZ.F. Sugammadex and laryngospasm.J. Clin. Anesth.2019565210.1016/j.jclinane.2019.01.04330690311
     [Google Scholar]
  64. CurtisR. LomaxS. PatelB. Use of Sugammadex in a ‘can’t intubate, can’t ventilate’ situation.Br. J. Anaesth.2012108461261410.1093/bja/aer49422287458
     [Google Scholar]
  65. KomasawaN. NishiharaI. MinamiT. Relationship between timing of sugammadex administration and development of laryngospasm during recovery from anaesthesia when using supraglottic devices.Eur. J. Anaesthesiol.201633969169210.1097/EJA.000000000000045427007330
     [Google Scholar]
  66. DirkmannD. BrittenM.W. PaulingH. WeidleJ. VolbrachtL. GörlingerK. PetersJ. Anticoagulant effect of Sugammadex.Anesthesiology201612461277128510.1097/ALN.000000000000107626950705
     [Google Scholar]
  67. LeeI.O. KimY.S. ChangH.W. KimH. LimB.G. LeeM. In vitro investigation of the effects of exogenous Sugammadex on coagulation in orthopedic surgical patients.BMC Anesthesiol.20181815610.1186/s12871‑018‑0519‑329793426
     [Google Scholar]
  68. KangW.S. LimH. KimB.S. LeeY. HahmK.D. KimS.H. Assessment of the effects of Sugammadex on coagulation profiles using thromboelastographic parameters.Sci. Rep.20201011117910.1038/s41598‑020‑68164‑232636444
     [Google Scholar]
  69. HancıV. KirazH.A. ÖmürD. EkinS. UyanB. YurtluB.S. Precipitation in Gallipoli: Sugammadex / amiodarone & sugammadex / dobutamine & sugammadex / protamine.Braz. J. Anesthesiol.201363116316410.1016/j.bjane.2012.06.004
     [Google Scholar]
  70. EtT. TopalA. ErolA. TavlanA. KılıçaslanA. Tuncer UzunS. The effects of Sugammadex on progesterone levels in pregnant rats.Balkan Med. J.201532220320710.5152/balkanmedj.2015.1550226167346
     [Google Scholar]
  71. Gunduz GulG. OzerA.B. DemirelI. AksuA. ErhanO.L. The effect of sugammadex on steroid hormones: A randomized clinical study.J. Clin. Anesth.201634626710.1016/j.jclinane.2016.03.03927687347
     [Google Scholar]
  72. DevoyT. HunterM. SmithN.A. A prospective observational study of the effects of sugammadex on peri-operative oestrogen and progesterone levels in women who take hormonal contraception.Anaesthesia202378218018710.1111/anae.1590236336462
     [Google Scholar]
  73. YasukawaT. KanekiM. YasuharaS. LeeS.L. MartynJ.A.J. Steroidal nondepolarizing muscle relaxants do not simulate the effects of glucocorticoids on glucocorticoid receptor-mediated transcription in cultured skeletal muscle cells.Anesthesiology200410061615161910.1097/00000542‑200406000‑0004115166588
     [Google Scholar]
  74. KooC.H. HwangJ.Y. MinS.W. RyuJ.H. A meta-analysis on the effect of dexamethasone on the Sugammadex reversal of Rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block.j. clin. Med.202094124032344687
     [Google Scholar]
  75. OzbilginS. YurtluD.A. KüçükoztaşB. KamacıG. KorkutS. YurtluB.S. Ensari GüneliM. HancıV. GünerliA. Evaluation of the effectiveness of Sugammadex for Digoxin intoxication: An experimental study.Cardiovasc. Toxicol.201818540040610.1007/s12012‑018‑9450‑629549524
     [Google Scholar]
  76. CameronK.S. ClarkJ.K. CooperA. FieldingL. PalinR. RutherfordS.J. ZhangM.Q. Modified gamma-cyclodextrins and their rocuronium complexes.Org. Lett.20024203403340610.1021/ol020126w12323029
     [Google Scholar]
  77. BomA. HopeF. RutherfordS. ThomsonK. Preclinical pharmacology of sugammadex.J. Crit. Care2009241293510.1016/j.jcrc.2008.10.01019272536
     [Google Scholar]
  78. de BoerH.D. van EgmondJ. van de PolF. BomA. DriessenJ.J. BooijL.H. Time course of action of sugammadex (Org 25969) on rocuronium-induced block in the Rhesus monkey, using a simple model of equilibration of complex formation.Br. J. Anaesth.200697568168610.1093/bja/ael24017018564
     [Google Scholar]
  79. StaalsL.M. de BoerH.D. van EgmondJ. HopeF. van de PolF. BomA.H. DriessenJ.J. BooijL.H. Reversal of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block by sugammadex is independent of renal perfusion in anesthetized cats.J. Anesth.201125224124610.1007/s00540‑010‑1090‑321225291
     [Google Scholar]
  80. KimW.Y. KimY.H. LeeJ.Y. KimJ.H. MinT.J. Evaluation of the toxicity of Sugammadex in Zebrafish Larvae.J. Korean Med. Sci.2020359e5110.3346/jkms.2020.35.e5132141248
     [Google Scholar]
  81. YeşiltaşS. OrhonZ.N. CakırH. DogruM. ÇelikM.G. Does Sugammadex suppress allergic inflammation due to rocuronium in animal model of rat?Allergol. Immunopathol. (Madr.)2021493919910.15586/aei.v49i3.833938193
     [Google Scholar]
  82. BostanH. KalkanY. TomakY. TumkayaL. AltunerD. YılmazA. ErdivanliB. BedirR. Reversal of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block with sugammadex and resulting histopathological effects in rat kidneys.Ren. Fail.201133101019102410.3109/0886022X.2011.61897222013936
     [Google Scholar]
  83. XiaobingL. YanJ. WangpingZ. RufangZ. JiaL. RongW. Effects of sugammadex on postoperative respiratory management in children with congenital heart disease: a randomized controlled study.Biomed. Pharmacother.202012711018010.1016/j.biopha.2020.11018032353822
     [Google Scholar]
  84. YanP. WuX. CaiF. ChenY. HuangY. LiG. LaiK. Efficacy and safety of sugammadex in anesthesia of cardiac surgery: A retrospective study.J. Clin. Anesth.20206510984510.1016/j.jclinane.2020.10984532464476
     [Google Scholar]
  85. OzmeteO. DardagE. CiviS. Reversal of rocuronium induced neuromuscular block with sugammadex in patients under 2 years of age. A series of 280 cases. Ann Ital Chir.20239461261638131376
     [Google Scholar]
  86. WangA. TsivitisA. MaS. JinZ. Al BizriE. MooreR. The safety and efficacy of sugammadex for reversing neuromuscular blockade in younger children and infants.Expert Opin. Drug Saf.202423784585310.1080/14740338.2024.237390638938223
     [Google Scholar]
  87. SambaS.N. DaklallahY. BrownS.E.S. ColquhounD.A. ModiZ.J. Nause-OsthoffR. Sugammadex use in pediatric patients with stage IV-V chronic kidney disease in a quaternary referral hospital: a case series.BMC Anesthesiol.202424120638858678
     [Google Scholar]
  88. TogiokaB.M. YanezD. AzizM.F. HigginsJ.R. TekkaliP. TreggiariM.M. Randomised controlled trial of sugammadex or neostigmine for reversal of neuromuscular block on the incidence of pulmonary complications in older adults undergoing prolonged surgery.Br. J. Anaesth.2020124555356110.1016/j.bja.2020.01.01632139135
     [Google Scholar]
  89. MuramatsuT. IsonoS. IshikawaT. Nozaki-TaguchiN. OkazakiJ. KitamuraY. MurakamiN. SatoY. Differences of recovery from rocuronium-induced deep paralysis in response to small doses of sugammadex between elderly and nonelderly patients.Anesthesiology2018129590191110.1097/ALN.000000000000241230199419
     [Google Scholar]
  90. TogiokaB.M. SchenningK.J. Optimizing reversal of neuromuscular block in older adults: Sugammadex or Neostigmine.Drugs Aging2022391074976110.1007/s40266‑022‑00969‑435934764
     [Google Scholar]
  91. TorresS.M. DuarteD.F. GlóriaA.S. ReisC. MoreiraJ.F. CunhaS. GomesL.L. DahlemC. Sugammadex administration in pregnant patients undergoing non-obstetric surgery: A case series.Braz. J. Anesthesiol.202272452552810.1016/j.bjane.2021.07.03434411637
     [Google Scholar]
  92. GastonI.N. LangeE.M.S. FarrerJ.R. ToledoP. Sugammadex use for reversal in nonobstetric surgery during pregnancy: A reexamination of the evidence.Anesth. Analg.202313661217121910.1213/ANE.000000000000644237205805
     [Google Scholar]
  93. RichardsonM.G. RaymondB.L. Sugammadex administration in pregnant women and in women of reproductive potential: A narrative review.Anesth. Analg.202013061628163710.1213/ANE.000000000000430531283616
     [Google Scholar]
  94. YılmazR. UzunS.T. ReisliR. Sugammadex for Cesarean in a patient with multiple sclerosis.Sisli Etfal Hastan. Tip Bul.201953219519810.14744/SEMB.2017.0710832377082
     [Google Scholar]
  95. ChunH.R. ChungJ. KimN.S. KimA.J. KimS. KangK.S. Incomplete recovery from rocuronium-induced muscle relaxation in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using sugammadex.Medicine (Baltimore)2020993e1886710.1097/MD.000000000001886732011508
     [Google Scholar]
  96. SchneiderA. TramèrM.R. Keli-BarcelosG. EliaN. Sugammadex and neuromuscular disease: A systematic review with assessment of reporting quality and content validity.Br. J. Anaesth.2024133475275810.1016/j.bja.2024.05.01538997841
     [Google Scholar]
  97. DeanaC. BarbariolF. D’IncàS. PompeiL. RoccaG.D. SUGAMMADEX versus neostigmine after ROCURONIUM continuous infusion in patients undergoing liver transplantation.BMC Anesthesiol.20202017010.1186/s12871‑020‑00986‑z32213163
     [Google Scholar]
  98. AdamsD.R. TollincheL.E. YeohC.B. ArtmanJ. MehtaM. PhillipsD. FischerG.W. QuinlanJ.J. SakaiT. Short-term safety and effectiveness of sugammadex for surgical patients with end-stage renal disease: A two-centre retrospective study.Anaesthesia202075334835231721151
     [Google Scholar]
  99. ParedesS. PorterS.B. PorterI.E.II RenewJ.R. Sugammadex use in patients with end-stage renal disease: A historical cohort study.Can. J. Anaesth.202067121789179710.1007/s12630‑020‑01812‑332949009
     [Google Scholar]
  100. ColquhounD.A. KumarS. JewellE. MentzG. Bickett-HickokR. KheterpalS. Use of neuromuscular blocking and antagonism agents across the spectrum of renal impairment undergoing major inpatient surgery: A single-center retrospective observational cohort study.Anesthesiology2024141360260710.1097/ALN.000000000000507939136482
     [Google Scholar]
  101. HorrowJ.C. LiW. BlobnerM. LombardJ. SpeekM. DeAngelisM. HerringW.J. Actual versus ideal body weight dosing of sugammadex in morbidly obese patients offers faster reversal of rocuronium- or vecuronium-induced deep or moderate neuromuscular block: a randomized clinical trial.BMC Anesthesiol.20212116210.1186/s12871‑021‑01278‑w33639839
     [Google Scholar]
  102. LuI.C. WuS.H. ChangP.Y. HoP.Y. HuangT.Y. LinY.C. KamaniD. RandolphG.W. DionigiG. ChiangF.Y. WuC.W. Precision neuromuscular block management for neural monitoring during thyroid surgery.J. Invest. Surg.202134121389139610.1080/08941939.2020.180505532791867
     [Google Scholar]
  103. KimJ. KimD. KimI. JeongJ.S. Changes in bispectral index and patient state index during sugammadex reversal of neuromuscular blockade under steady-state sevoflurane anesthesia.Sci. Rep.2023131403010.1038/s41598‑023‑31025‑936899105
     [Google Scholar]
  104. Le GuenM. RousselC. ChazotT. DumontG.A. LiuN. FischlerM. Reversal of neuromuscular blockade with sugammadex during continuous administration of anaesthetic agents: A double-blind randomised crossover study using the bispectral index.Anaesthesia202075558359010.1111/anae.1489731808151
     [Google Scholar]
  105. LiL. JiangY. ZhangW. Sugammadex for fast-track surgery in children undergoing cardiac surgery: A randomized controlled study.J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth.20213551388139210.1053/j.jvca.2020.08.06932962936
     [Google Scholar]
  106. LiB. ZhouL. HuangH. Effect of sugammadex on the recovery profiles of cardiac patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.Chin. Med. J. (Engl.)2021134192391239210.1097/CM9.000000000000159934224405
     [Google Scholar]
  107. TanJ. HeJ. WangL. FangJ. LiP. SongZ. BianQ. Analysis of the association of sugammadex with the length of hospital stay in patients undergoing abdominal surgery: a retrospective study.BMC Anesthesiol.20232313210.1186/s12871‑023‑01979‑436698080
     [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/cpd/10.2174/0113816128379883250616051732
Loading

  • Article Type:     Review Article
Keyword(s): adverse reactions; clinical application; cost-effectiveness; neostigmine; Neuromuscular blockade; sugammadex

Most Cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error
Please enter a valid_number test