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image of Structural and Functional Characterization of Type IV Pilus-Associated Proteins PilV, Pil94, and Pil96 of Aeromonas hydrophila: Potential Role in Human Pathogenesis

Abstract

Objective

Recent genomic analyses identified a distinct pilVWXY operon in hypervirulent ATCC 7966, encoding PilV and two previously uncharacterized orthologs, AHA_0694 (Pil94) and AHA_0695 (Pil96), hypothesized to mediate host–pathogen interactions.

Methods

Complete genomes (n = 53) were retrieved from NCBI, and the distribution of , , and was assessed using STRING v11.5. Physicochemical and structural features were analyzed ExPASy-ProtParam, homology modeling, and validation using RAMPAGE, ProQ, and ProSA. Representative models were docked with eight human β-integrins using the HADDOCK server and evaluated by HADDOCK score, cluster size, van der Waals energy, RMSD (root-mean-square deviation), buried surface area, and Z-score.

Results and Discussion

Twenty-eight strains of (predominantly hypervirulent) encoded all three proteins, whereas 11 non-virulent strains lacked them. Structural modelling revealed a conserved lollipop-like conformation with an extended N-terminal α-helix characteristic of Type IV pilins. Docking simulations indicated selective, high-affinity binding patterns (PilV with Integrin β3/β4/β7; Pil94 with integrin β1/β2/β3/β5; Pil96 with integrin β1/β3/β5/β7/β8), suggesting roles in multi-tissue adhesion and systemic dissemination.

Conclusion

The restricted occurrence of , , and in virulent strains and their predicted affinity for human β-integrins underscore their importance in host colonization and pathogenesis, identifying them as promising molecular targets for diagnostic or therapeutic development.

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2026-01-31

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Structural and Functional Characterization of Type IV Pilus-Associated Proteins PilV, Pil94, and Pil96 of Aeromonas hydrophila: Potential Role in Human Pathogenesis
Bentham Science Publishers ; https://doi.org/10.2174/0113892010430558251125201911
/content/journals/cpb/10.2174/0113892010430558251125201911
/content/journals/cpb/10.2174/0113892010430558251125201911
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  • Article Type:     Research Article
Keywords: homology modeling ; β-integrins ; PilV ; T4P ; docking ; A. hydrophila

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