Current Organic Chemistry - Volume 28, Issue 4, 2024

Organic natural materials like chitosan, cellulose, starch, agarose, and alginate possess unique structures that are useful in creating advanced nanostructured materials. These materials are highly useful in catalysis because of their numerous functional groups and catalytic properties. They can also be combined with inorganic materials to create "nano- Biocomposites" with specialized properties that can be utilized as catalysts in multicomponent reactions. This review provides an overview of the use of nano-Biocomposites in multicomponent reactions (MCRs).

This article highlights current developments in iron-doped nanocatalyst-based solvent-free organic reactions. These catalysts have the potential to speed up processes under safe environmental settings and eliminate the need for hazardous organic solvents. Its application in a variety of fields is mostly due to its superparamagnetic nano diameters, which are affordable, easily separable, reusable, and eco-friendly. Thus, the present review article focuses on the compendious account of various doped iron nanocatalysts reported catalyzing organic transformation, including synthesis of bioactive compounds, condensation, multicomponent, annulation, esterification, coupling, alkylation, acylation reactions. The development of innovative, highly active, and reusable magnetic iron nanocomposite catalysts is crucial for the future of catalysis as it will pave the way for the creation of environmentally friendly and sustainable technology. The review will provide valuable insights for researchers who are designing new functionalized doped iron catalysts or utilizing these catalysts for various organic transformations that promote sustainable development. The development of new precursors and synthesis techniques, as well as recent improvements in the synthesis of these catalysts, are described. The article also emphasizes the significance of comprehending the underlying processes of these catalytic events, as well as the difficulties and possibilities for further study in this field. The potential of iron-doped nanocatalysts as an environmentally friendly and long-lasting method of organic synthesis is emphasized throughout this review.

Camphor and carvone exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activity, which determines the prospect of their use as a platform for functionalization to obtain the analogues as potential drugs. The functionalization of camphor and carvone often involves changes to the skeleton of the molecules or their fragmentation. Therefore, in modern medicinal chemistry, research aimed at the development of effective approaches to the synthesis of semisynthetic derivatives of camphor and carvone with preservation of the native framework, demonstrating high biological activity, is in demand. The present work is aimed at the synthesis of new propynyl analogues of camphor and carvone, as well as their conjugates with mono- and disaccharides via Cu-catalyzed cycloaddition of acetylenes and azides (Cu- AAC). Alkylation of camphor and carvone with propargyl bromide in the presence of the base KN(SiMe3)2–Et3B in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME) at room temperature provides the target products with yields of 69% and 47%, respectively. Glycosyl azides were obtained by the reaction of peracetylated sugars with trimethylsilyl azide in the presence of SnCl4.The synthesis of 1,2,3-triazolyl glycoconjugates of camphor and carvone with mono- and disaccharides was carried out through Cu(I)-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azides to acetylenes (CuAAC) in the presence of Cu and CuSO4·5H2O. The structures of the synthesized compounds were determined by NMR. The new propynyl-substituted camphor and carvone, as well as their 1,2,3- triazolylglycoconjugates, can be used as promising building blocks for medicine chemistry.

This study aims to develop a practical and facile one-pot synthesis of 2- substituted quinazolines. Using a commercially available and structurally simple ruthenium( II) complex as the catalyst to synthesize a series of quinazoline derivatives via acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling. The mechanism of this reaction was explored by control reaction and DFT calculation. This protocol offers access to a diverse array of quinazoline derivatives (52 examples) in moderate to excellent yields (29%-98%). In summary, we have developed an efficient one-pot ruthenium (II)-catalyzed ADC synthesis of quinazoline under an air atmosphere. The reaction only produces hydrogen and water as by-products, serving as a sustainable and atom-efficient synthetic approach.

An efficient transition metal catalyst-free protocol for the synthesis of unsymmetrical diaryl tellurides has been developed by the reaction of diaryl tellurides and aryl diazonium tetrafluoroborates under mechanical ball milling in the absence of any solvent and base under room temperature. InBr (Indium Bromide) plays an important role in generating the organotelluride nucleophile via the Te-Te bond cleavage of ditelluride. A library of diaryl tellurides bearing both electron-donating and withdrawing groups in the aromatic ring has been synthesized in good to excellent yields by this protocol. Despite very high synthetic importance of diaryl tellurides in the field of organic synthesis, very few protocols have been reported to date for their synthesis. The reactions were also performed on a gram scale without any considerable change in the yields, which surely broadened the applicability of this methodology in the industrial field.