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image of Urinary CFHR2 as a Biomarker for Early Diagnosis and Disease Progression Prediction in Diabetic Kidney Disease

Abstract

Aim

The pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is complex, and the specific biomarkers for detecting early diagnosis and monitoring kidney function deterioration are insufficient, which affects the prognosis of patients. The complement activation in glomeruli and renal interstitium contributes to the aggravation of DKD. Several key complement proteins, such as complement factor 3 (C3), CD59, and complement factor H-related protein 2 (CFHR2) were reported to be potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis for DKD.

Methods

In the current study, we focus on CFHR2, to investigate its capability and sensitivity as a DKD biomarker. As a non-invasive detection sample, urine has the characteristic of convenient sampling. In the current study, the urine samples were collected from three groups: diabetic patients without albuminuria, with micro-albuminuria, and macroalbuminuria, to analyze whether CFHR2 was associated with albuminuria concentration and declined renal function. Meanwhile, the urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), and C3 were also examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to compare with CFHR2 to determine whether CFHR2 had an advantage in predicting the early detection and progression of DKD. The Spearman correlation analysis was performed for the correlation analysis. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyze the diagnostic efficacy.

Results

CFHR2 had superior diagnostic power to predict the early occurrence of DKD and disease progression, compared with NGAL, microalbumin, and C3 in urine.

Conclusion

CFHR2 has satisfactory potential to be a biomarker for early diagnosis and risk of progression of DKD.

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2025-05-26
2025-09-14

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Urinary CFHR2 as a Biomarker for Early Diagnosis and Disease Progression Prediction in Diabetic Kidney Disease
Bentham Science Publishers ; https://doi.org/10.2174/0115665240350524250524065114
/content/journals/cmm/10.2174/0115665240350524250524065114
/content/journals/cmm/10.2174/0115665240350524250524065114
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  • Article Type:     Research Article
Keywords: components C3 ; and podocyte ; Diabetes kidney disease ; neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin ; complement factor H related 2

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