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image of Sustainable Tools for C-C and C-heteroatom Cross-coupling from Aryl Diazonium Salts

Abstract

Aromatic and heteroatomic diazonium salts constitute a significant class of very reactive electrophiles. In recent times, reactions of diazonium compounds under visible-light photocatalysis, microwave irradiation, and ball-milling strategies have been at the forefront of organic synthesis. The anions like tetrafluoroborate, mesylate, tosylate, disulfonamide, except for chloride and carboxylate, tethered with the aromatic rings of diazo frameworks, have rendered exceptional stability. The synthetic methodologies are highly advantageous in terms of regioselectivity of yields, broad substrate scope, excellent functional group tolerance, and high conversion ratio. These sustainable approaches not only reduce waste production, but also facilitate a ubiquitous eco-friendly protocol which enables strategies, transformations, and syntheses that are typically unachievable in solution. This current review article summarizes the recent developments of aryl diazonium compounds in the field of organic synthesis under ligand- and additive-less conditions. The sustainable techniques employed herein involve the use of non-toxic, low-cost, commercial-grade reagents, environmentally benign and greener solvents.

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2025-07-22
2025-09-29

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Sustainable Tools for C-C and C-heteroatom Cross-coupling from Aryl Diazonium Salts
Bentham Science Publishers ; https://doi.org/10.2174/0122133461403573250717025917
/content/journals/cgc/10.2174/0122133461403573250717025917
/content/journals/cgc/10.2174/0122133461403573250717025917
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  • Article Type:     Review Article
Keywords: visible light ; ball milling ; coupling ; microwave ; Aryl diazonium salts ; eosin Y

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