Skip to content
2000
Volume 13, Issue 2
  • ISSN: 2213-3461
  • E-ISSN: 2213-347X

Abstract

There is an urgent need to investigate viable alternatives to address the significant environmental concerns created by the widespread use of non-biodegradable and non-recyclable synthetic plastics. Bioresource-based polymers from natural materials such as starch, cellulose, chitosan, lignin, and agricultural waste have shown great promise. These biodegradable, cost-effective, and environmentally benign materials address major concerns about the environmental and health effects of petroleum-based polyolefin plastics, which are widely utilized in the packaging, automotive, medical, and agricultural sectors. This review focuses on recent advances in bio-based polymers, blends, and composites reinforced with natural fibers and fillers, demonstrating their potential to replace traditional plastics. It also tackles the difficulties of cost reduction, performance improvement, and processing efficiency. Bioresource-based polymers have the potential to reduce plastic pollution and promote a more sustainable future by prioritizing innovation in material selection and manufacturing techniques.

© 2026 Bentham Science Publishers
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/cgc/10.2174/0122133461372269250503082219
2025-05-09
2026-03-03

  • From This Site

    /content/journals/cgc/10.2174/0122133461372269250503082219
    dcterms_title,dcterms_subject,pub_keyword
    -contentType:Contributor -contentType:Concept -contentType:Institution
    10
    5
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. ReichertC.L. BugnicourtE. ColtelliM.B. CinelliP. LazzeriA. CanesiI. BracaF. MartínezB.M. AlonsoR. AgostinisL. VerstichelS. SixL. MetsS.D. GómezE.C. IßbrückerC. GeerinckR. NettletonD.F. CamposI. SauterE. PieczykP. SchmidM. Bio-based packaging: materials, modifications, industrial applications and sustainability.Polymers2020127155810.3390/polym12071558 32674366
     [Google Scholar]
  2. WaltherB.A. KusuiT. YenN. HuC.S. LeeH. Plastic pollution in East Asia: Microplastics and microplastics in the aquatic environment and mitigation efforts by various actors. Plastic Aquatic Environ Part I.Cham, SwitzerlandSpringer Nature202035340310.1007/698_2020_508
     [Google Scholar]
  3. HottleT.A. BilecM.M. LandisA.E. Sustainability assessments of bio-based polymers.Polym. Degrad. Stabil.20139891898190710.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2013.06.016
     [Google Scholar]
  4. OttoS. StrengerM. Maier-NöthA. SchmidM. Food packaging and sustainability – Consumer perception vs. correlated scientific facts: A review.J. Clean. Prod.202129812673310.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126733
     [Google Scholar]
  5. StarkN.M. MatuanaL.M. Trends in sustainable biobased packaging materials: A mini review.Mat. Today Sustainab.20211510008410.1016/j.mtsust.2021.100084
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Álvarez-ChávezC.R. EdwardsS. Moure-ErasoR. GeiserK. Sustainability of bio-based plastics: general comparative analysis and recommendations for improvement.J. Clean. Prod.2012231475610.1016/j.jclepro.2011.10.003
     [Google Scholar]
  7. HanJ.H. New technologies in food packaging: Overview in Innovations in Food Packaging.Cambridge, MA, USAAcademic Press200531110.1016/B978‑012311632‑1/50033‑4
     [Google Scholar]
  8. MendesA.C. PedersenG.A. Perspectives on sustainable food packaging:– is bio-based plastics a solution?Trends Food Sci. Technol.202111283984610.1016/j.tifs.2021.03.049
     [Google Scholar]
  9. HamoudaT. Biopolymers and Biocomposites from Agro-Waste for Packaging Applications.Sawston, UKWoodhead Publishing202111312610.1016/B978‑0‑12‑819953‑4.00006‑9
     [Google Scholar]
  10. MuneerF. NadeemH. ArifA. ZaheerW. Bioplastics from biopolymers: an ECO-friendly and sustainable solution of plastic pollution.Polym. Sci. Ser. C2021631476310.1134/S1811238221010057
     [Google Scholar]
  11. MillerS.A. Five misperceptions surrounding the environmental impacts of single-use plastic.Environ. Sci. Technol.20205422141431415110.1021/acs.est.0c05295 33103887
     [Google Scholar]
  12. BorgK. LennoxA. KaufmanS. TullF. PrimeR. RogersL. DunstanE. Curbing plastic consumption: A review of single-use plastic behaviour change interventions.J. Clean. Prod.202234413107710.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131077
     [Google Scholar]
  13. IdrisS.N. AmeliaT.S.M. BhubalanK. LazimA.M.M. ZakwanN.A.M.A. JamaluddinM.I. SanthanamR. AmirulA.A.A. VigneswariS. RamakrishnaS. The degradation of single-use plastics and commercially viable bioplastics in the environment: A review.Environ. Res.2023231Pt 111598810.1016/j.envres.2023.115988 37105296
     [Google Scholar]
  14. HoK.T.H. KwokP.W.H. ChangS.S.Y. ChuA.M.Y. Gaps between attitudes and behavior in the use of disposable plastic tableware (DPT) and factors influencing sustainable dpt consumption: a study of hong kong undergraduates.Sustainability20231511895810.3390/su15118958
     [Google Scholar]
  15. SilvaR.R.A. MarquesC.S. ArrudaT.R. TeixeiraS.C. OliveiraD.T.V. Biodegradation of polymers: stages, measurement, standards and prospects.Macromol20233237139910.3390/macromol3020023
     [Google Scholar]
  16. SunY. WangD. LiX. ChenY. GuoH. Public attitudes toward the whole life cycle management of plastics: A text-mining study in China.Sci. Total Environ.2023859Pt 115998110.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159981 36356749
     [Google Scholar]
  17. BozemanJ.F.III ChopraS.S. JamesP. MuhammadS. CaiH. TongK. CarrasquilloM. RickenbackerH. NockD. AshtonW. HeidrichO. DerribleS. BilecM. Three research priorities for just and sustainable urban systems: Now is the time to refocus.J. Ind. Ecol.202327238239410.1111/jiec.13360
     [Google Scholar]
  18. SilviaL. LouisaG. JoãoC. JoãoC.M. LeonelP. AnaM.M. Chapter 8 - Algae-based bioplastics: Expanding algal polymers as materials for industrial applications. Applications Benefitting Health Developments in Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology.United StatesAcademic Press202313315610.1016/B978‑0‑443‑18816‑9.00024‑1
     [Google Scholar]
  19. AmmalaA. BatemanS. DeanK. PetinakisE. SangwanP. WongS. YuanQ. YuL. PatrickC. LeongK.H. An overview of degradable and biodegradable polyolefins.Prog. Polym. Sci.20113681015104910.1016/j.progpolymsci.2010.12.002
     [Google Scholar]
  20. KarbalaeiS. HanachiP. WalkerT.R. ColeM. Occurrence, sources, human health impacts and mitigation of microplastic pollution.Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int.20182536360463606310.1007/s11356‑018‑3508‑7 30382517
     [Google Scholar]
  21. VijayaramanS. MondalP. NandanA. SiddiquiN.A. Presence of microplastic in water bodies and its impact on human health. Advances in Air Pollution Profiling and Control. Springer Transactions in Civil and Environmental Engineering 57-65.SingaporeSpringer202010.1007/978‑981‑15‑0954‑4_4
     [Google Scholar]
  22. TianW. SongP. ZhangH. DuanX. WeiY. WangH. WangS. Microplastic materials in the environment: Problem and strategical solutions.Prog. Mater. Sci.202313210103510.1016/j.pmatsci.2022.101035
     [Google Scholar]
  23. PrataJ.C. CostaD.J.P. LopesI. AndradyA.L. DuarteA.C. Rocha-SantosT. A One Health perspective of the impacts of microplastics on animal, human and environmental health.Sci. Total Environ.202177714609410.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146094 33677304
     [Google Scholar]
  24. SharmaS. ChatterjeeS. Microplastic pollution, a threat to marine ecosystem and human health: a short review.Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int.20172427215302154710.1007/s11356‑017‑9910‑8 28815367
     [Google Scholar]
  25. GateuilleD. NaffrechouxE. Transport of persistent organic pollutants: Another effect of microplastic pollution?WIREs. Water202295e160010.1002/wat2.1600
     [Google Scholar]
  26. ZhangY. WangS. OlgaV. XueY. LvS. DiaoX. ZhangY. HanQ. ZhouH. The potential effects of microplastic pollution on human digestive tract cells.Chemosphere2022291Pt 113271410.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132714 34743871
     [Google Scholar]
  27. ChangX. FangY. WangY. WangF. ShangL. ZhongR. Microplastic pollution in soils, plants, and animals: A review of distributions, effects and potential mechanisms.Sci. Total Environ.202285015785710.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157857 35932864
     [Google Scholar]
  28. HarmonS.M. ChenQ. MaC. JiM. YanX. JiR. ShiH. The effects of microplastic pollution on aquatic organisms. Microplastic Contamination in Aquatic EnvironmentsElsevier202435537910.1016/B978‑0‑12‑813747‑5.00008‑4
     [Google Scholar]
  29. XiM. YuchenX. ZhongC. YunboY. ZetangG. LuJ. KaiT. The impact of microplastic pollution on ecological environment: A review.Front. Biosci.20222724610.31083/j.fbl2702046
     [Google Scholar]
  30. PirontiC. RicciardiM. MottaO. MieleY. ProtoA. MontanoL. Microplastics in the environment: intake through the food web, human exposure and toxicological effects.Toxics20219922410.3390/toxics9090224 34564375
     [Google Scholar]
  31. ColeM. LindequeP. HalsbandC. GallowayT.S. Microplastics as contaminants in the marine environment: A review.Mar. Pollut. Bull.201162122588259710.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.09.025 22001295
     [Google Scholar]
  32. HaleR.C. SeeleyM.E. GuardiaM.J. MaiL. ZengE.Y. A global perspective on microplastics.J. Geophys. Res. Oceans20201251910.1029/2018JC014719
     [Google Scholar]
  33. WrightS.L. ThompsonR.C. GallowayT.S. The physical impacts of microplastics on marine organisms: A review.Environ. Pollut.201317848349210.1016/j.envpol.2013.02.031 23545014
     [Google Scholar]
  34. QiR. JonesD.L. LiZ. LiuQ. YanC. Behavior of microplastics and plastic film residues in the soil environment: A critical review.Sci. Total Environ.202070313472210.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134722 31767311
     [Google Scholar]
  35. AnithaA. SowmyaS. KumarP.T.S. DeepthiS. ChennazhiK.P. EhrlichH. TsurkanM. JayakumarR. Chitin and chitosan in selected biomedical applications.Prog. Polym. Sci.20143991644166710.1016/j.progpolymsci.2014.02.008
     [Google Scholar]
  36. GeyerR. JambeckJ.R. LawK.L. Production, use, and fate of all plastics ever made.Sci. Adv.201737e170078210.1126/sciadv.1700782 28776036
     [Google Scholar]
  37. HopewellJ. DvorakR. KosiorE. Plastics recycling: challenges and opportunities.Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci.200936415262115212610.1098/rstb.2008.0311 19528059
     [Google Scholar]
  38. JiangT. DuanQ. ZhuJ. LiuH. YuL. Starch-based biodegradable materials: Challenges and opportunities. Adv Ind Eng.Poly Res.20203181810.1016/j.aiepr.2019.11.003
     [Google Scholar]
  39. ChenY.J. Bioplastics and their role in achieving global sustainability.J. Chem. Pharm. Res.201461226231
     [Google Scholar]
  40. SurendrenA. MohantyA.K. LiuQ. MisraM. A review of biodegradable thermoplastic starches, their blends and composites: recent developments and opportunities for single-use plastic packaging alternatives.Green Chem.202224228606863610.1039/D2GC02169B
     [Google Scholar]
  41. IsmailN.A. TahirM.S. YahyaN. WahidA.M.F. KhairuddinN.E. HashimI. Synthesis and characterization of biodegradable starch-based bioplastics.Mat. Sci. Forum.201684667367810.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.846.673
     [Google Scholar]
  42. LambertS. WagnerM. Environmental performance of bio-based and biodegradable plastics: the road ahead.Chem. Soc. Rev.201746226855687110.1039/C7CS00149E 28932844
     [Google Scholar]
  43. BabuR.P. O’ConnorK. SeeramR. Current progress on bio-based polymers and their future trends.Prog. Biomater.201321810.1186/2194‑0517‑2‑8 29470779
     [Google Scholar]
  44. JesudasonJ.J. MarchessaultR.H. SaitoT. Enzymatic degradation of poly([R,S] β-hydroxybutyrate).J. Polym. Environ. Degrad.19931899810.1007/BF01418201
     [Google Scholar]
  45. KaliaS. AverousL. Biopolymers: Biomedical and Environmental Applications;John Wiley & Sons: Hoboken, NJ, USA.201170642
     [Google Scholar]
  46. IwataT. Biodegradable and bio-based polymers: future prospects of eco-friendly plastics.Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.201554113210321510.1002/anie.201410770 25583677
     [Google Scholar]
  47. GarrisonT. MurawskiA. QuirinoR. Bio-based polymers with potential for biodegradability.Polymers20168726210.3390/polym8070262 30974537
     [Google Scholar]
  48. GuJ.D. FordT.E. MitchellR. Chapter 30 Microbial degradation of materials: General processes. 28th March. Uhlig’s Corrosion Handbook; John Wiley and Sons: Hoboken, NJ, USA 2011: 351-63.10.1002/9780470872864.ch26
     [Google Scholar]
  49. OkolieO. KumarA. EdwardsC. LawtonL.A. OkeA. McDonaldS. ThakurV.K. NjugunaJ. Bio-based sustainable polymers and materials: from processing to biodegradation.J. Compos. Sci.20237621310.3390/jcs7060213
     [Google Scholar]
  50. SamirA. AshourF.H. HakimA.A.A. BassyouniM. MohamedB. Recent advances in biodegradable polymers for sustainable applications.NPJ Mater. Degrad.2022616810.1038/s41529‑022‑00277‑7
     [Google Scholar]
  51. AbdullahA.H.D. FikriyyahA.K. PutriO.D. AsriP.P.P. Fabrication and characterization of poly lactic acid (PLA)-starch based bioplastic composites.IOP Conf. Series Mater. Sci. Eng.2019553101205210.1088/1757‑899X/553/1/012052
     [Google Scholar]
  52. TsujiH. IkadaY. Crystallization from the melt of poly(lactide)s with different optical purities and their blends.Macromol. Chem. Phys.1996197103483349910.1002/macp.1996.021971033
     [Google Scholar]
  53. ZhongY. GodwinP. JinY. XiaoH. Biodegradable polymers and green-based antimicrobial packaging materials: A mini-review.Adv. Indus. Eng. Polymer Res.202031273510.1016/j.aiepr.2019.11.002
     [Google Scholar]
  54. MarichelvamM.K. JawaidM. AsimM. Corn and Rice Starch-based Bio-plastics as alternative packaging materials.Fibers (Basel)2019743210.3390/fib7040032
     [Google Scholar]
  55. NishidaH. TokiwaY. Effects of higher-order structure of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) on its biodegradation. II. Effects of crystal structure on microbial degradation.J. Environ. Polym. Degrad.199311658010.1007/BF01457654
     [Google Scholar]
  56. KumagaiY. DoiY. Synthesis of a block copolymer of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and poly(ethylene glycol) and its application to biodegradable polymer blends.J. Environ. Polym. Degrad.199312818710.1007/BF01418200
     [Google Scholar]
  57. JonesA. MandalA. SharmaS. Protein-based bioplastics and their antibacterial potential.J. Appl. Polym. Sci.201513218app.4193110.1002/app.41931
     [Google Scholar]
  58. RahmanA. MillerC. Microalgae as a source of Bioplastics. Algal Green Chemistry Recent Progress in Biotechnology.Amsterdam, NetherlandsElsevier201712113810.1016/B978‑0‑444‑63784‑0.00006‑0
     [Google Scholar]
  59. BanuJ.R. ShamilaG.V. Review on food waste valorisation for bioplastic production towards a circular economy: sustainable approaches and biodegradability assessment.Sustain. Energy Fuels20237143165318410.1039/D3SE00500C
     [Google Scholar]
  60. LiangG. Sustainable utilization of fruit and vegetable waste bioresources for bioplastics production.Crit. Rev. Biotechnol.202344223625410.1080/07388551.2022.2157241
     [Google Scholar]
  61. YaradoddiJ. PatilV. GanachariS. BanapurmathN. HunashyalA. ShettarA. Biodegradable plastic production from fruit waste material and its sustainable use for green applications. Int. J. Pharm. Res. Allied.Sci.2016547281
     [Google Scholar]
  62. JabeenN. MajidI. NayikG.A. FatihY. Bioplastics and food packaging: A review.Cogent Food Agric.201511111774910.1080/23311932.2015.1117749
     [Google Scholar]
  63. PerottoG. CeseracciuL. SimonuttiR. PaulU.C. Bioplastics from vegetable waste via an eco-friendly water-based process.Green Chem.2018204894902
     [Google Scholar]
  64. ChumeeJ. KhemmakamaP. Carboxymethyl cellulose from pineapple peel: Useful green bioplastic.Adv. Mater. Res. Trans. Tech. Publicat.201497936636910.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.979.366
     [Google Scholar]
  65. SantanaR.F. BonomoR.C.F. GandolfiO.R.R. RodriguesL.B. SantosL.S. dos Santos PiresA.C. OliveiraD.C.P. Costa Ilhéu FontanD.R. VelosoC.M. Characterization of starch-based bioplastics from jackfruit seed plasticized with glycerol.J. Food Sci. Technol.201855127828610.1007/s13197‑017‑2936‑6 29358820
     [Google Scholar]
  66. SultanN.F.K. JohariW.L.W. The development of banana peel/corn starch bioplastic film: a preliminary study.Bioremed. Sci. Technol. Res.201751121710.54987/bstr.v5i1.352
     [Google Scholar]
  67. BofM.J. BordagarayV.C. LocasoD.E. GarcíaM.A. Chitosan molecular weight effect on starch-composite film properties.Food Hydrocoll.20155128129410.1016/j.foodhyd.2015.05.018
     [Google Scholar]
  68. WuC.S. Preparation and characterization of polyhydroxyalkanoate bioplastic-based green renewable composites from rice husk.J. Polym. Environ.201422338439210.1007/s10924‑014‑0662‑y
     [Google Scholar]
  69. SwainS.N. BiswalS.M. NandaP.K. NayakP.L. Biodegradable soy-based plastics: opportunities and challenges.J. Polym. Environ.2004121354210.1023/B:JOOE.0000003126.14448.04
     [Google Scholar]
  70. LiH. ZhouM. MohammedA.E.G.A.Y. ChenL. ZhouC. From fruit and vegetable waste to degradable bioplastic films and advanced materials: A review.Sustain. Chem. Pharm.20223010085910.1016/j.scp.2022.100859
     [Google Scholar]
  71. AdeshinaF. Chapter 11: Production of smart packaging from sustainable materials, Book edi; Green sustainable process for chemical and environmental engineering and science.Methods for Producing Smart Packaging.Amsterdam, NetherlandsElsevier2023185196
     [Google Scholar]
  72. JayasekaraS. DissanayakeL. JayakodyL.N. Opportunities in the microbial valorization of sugar industrial organic waste to biodegradable smart food packaging materials.Int. J. Food Microbiol.202237710978510.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.109785 35752069
     [Google Scholar]
  73. MaryaR. AbdellahH. KacemA.Q. RachidB. Chapter 21: Bioplastic-based nanocomposites for smart materials.Handbook of Bioplastics and Bio composites Engineering Applications.Hoboken, New JerseyWiley Blackwell2022457470
     [Google Scholar]
  74. BreslinV.T. Degradation of starch-plastic composites in a municipal solid waste landfill.J. Environ. Polym. Degrad.19931212714110.1007/BF01418206
     [Google Scholar]
  75. NarencicT. Recent advances in bioplastics: application and biodegradation.Polymers MDPI202012920138
     [Google Scholar]
  76. PadermshokeA. KajiwaraT. AnY. TakigawaM. NguyenV.T. MasunagaH. KobayashiY. ItoH. SasakiS. TakaharaA. Characterization of photo-oxidative degradation process of polyolefins containing oxo-biodegradable additives.Polymer202226212545510.1016/j.polymer.2022.125455
     [Google Scholar]
  77. NitaT. ConstantinN.C. MihaiR. Biodegradable polymer blends based on polyethylene and natural polymers degradation in Soil.J. Polym. Eng.200420287
     [Google Scholar]
  78. LaurieW. Understanding how polyolefins biodegrade.Polymers and Soft Materials News Materials.Amsterdam, NetherlandsElsevier2022
     [Google Scholar]
  79. WiphanuratC. HanthanonP. KaisoneT. MagaraphanR. NampitchT. Properties of HDPE/biodegradable polymer blends using modified rubber.Appl. Mech. Mater.201787310110610.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.873.101
     [Google Scholar]
  80. MadhuG. BhuniaH. BajpaiP.K. NandoG.B. Physico-mechanical properties and biodegradation of oxo-degradable HDPE/PLA blends.Polym. Sci. Ser. A2016581577510.1134/S0965545X16010077
     [Google Scholar]
  81. MadhuG. BhuniaH. BajpaiP.K. Blends of high density polyethylene and poly(L ‐lactic acid): Mechanical and thermal properties.Polym. Eng. Sci.20145492155216010.1002/pen.23764
     [Google Scholar]
  82. ZeraatpisheM. HassanajiliS. Investigation of physical and rheological properties of LDPE/HDPE/thermoplastic starch biodegradable blend films.Polym. Eng. Sci.20236393116313410.1002/pen.26432
     [Google Scholar]
  83. ArcanaI.M. BundjaliB. YudistiraI. JariahB. SukriaL. Study on properties of polymer blends from polypropylene with polycaprolactone and their biodegradability.Polym. J.200739121337134410.1295/polymj.PJ2006250
     [Google Scholar]
  84. ImreB. PukánszkyB. Compatibilization in bio-based and biodegradable polymer blends.Eur. Polym. J.20134961215123310.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.01.019
     [Google Scholar]
  85. ChielliniE. CinelliP. ChielliniF. ImamS.H. Environmentally degradable bio-based polymeric blends and composites.Macromol. Biosci.20044321823110.1002/mabi.200300126 15468211
     [Google Scholar]
  86. RosaD.S. GrilloD. BardiM.A.G. CalilM.R. GuedesC.G.F. RamiresE.C. FrolliniE. Mechanical, thermal and morphological characterization of polypropylene/biodegradable polyester blends with additives.Polym. Test.200928883684210.1016/j.polymertesting.2009.07.006
     [Google Scholar]
  87. KumarR. SadeghiK. JangJ. SeoJ. Mechanical, chemical, and bio-recycling of biodegradable plastics: A review.Sci. Total Environ.202388216344610.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163446 37075991
     [Google Scholar]
  88. ChineduH.O. OnyekachiO. EgeoluO.F.C. Comparative Analysis of the Tensile and Biodegradable Performances of Some Selected Modified Starch Filled Polypropylene Blends.Amer. J. Chem. Mat. Sci.20152613
     [Google Scholar]
  89. StellerR. MeissnerW. Structure and properties of degradable polyolefin-starch blends.Polym. Degrad. Stabil.1998602-347148010.1016/S0141‑3910(97)00110‑9
     [Google Scholar]
  90. WanjaleS.D. JogJ.P. Polyolefin-based natural fiber composites.In: Cellulose Fibers: Bio- and Nano-Polymer Composites; Kalia, S.; Kaith, B.; Kaur, I., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg201137739810.1007/978‑3‑642‑17370‑7_14
     [Google Scholar]
  91. LeeB.H. KimH.J. YuW.R. Fabrication of long and discontinuous natural fiber reinforced polypropylene biocomposites and their mechanical properties.Fibers Polym.2009101839010.1007/s12221‑009‑0083‑z
     [Google Scholar]
  92. MohantyA.K. MisraM. HinrichsenG. Biofibres, biodegradable polymers and biocomposites: An overview.Macromol. Mater. Eng.2000276-277112410.1002/(SICI)1439‑2054(20000301)276:1<1::AID‑MAME1>3.0.CO;2‑W
     [Google Scholar]
  93. RanaA.K. MandalA. BandyopadhyayS. Short jute fiber reinforced polypropylene composites: effect of compatibiliser, impact modifier and fiber loading.Compos. Sci. Technol.200363680180610.1016/S0266‑3538(02)00267‑1
     [Google Scholar]
  94. GeorgeJ. BhagawanS.S. PrabhakaranN. ThomasS. Short pineapple‐leaf‐fiber‐reinforced low‐density polyethylene composites.J. Appl. Polym. Sci.199557784385410.1002/app.1995.070570708
     [Google Scholar]
  95. LeeH.S. ChoD. HanS.O. Effect of natural fiber surface treatments on the interfacial and mechanical properties of henequen/polypropylene biocomposites.Macromol. Res.200816541141710.1007/BF03218538
     [Google Scholar]
  96. KimS.J. MoonJ.B. KimG.H. HaC-S. Mechanical properties of polypropylene/natural fiber composites: Comparison of wood fiber and cotton fiber.Polym. Test.200827780180610.1016/j.polymertesting.2008.06.002
     [Google Scholar]
  97. CeliaD. EduardoF. EloiG. JaumeG. Development and characterization of environmentally friendly wood plastic composites from biobased polyethylene and short natural fibers processed by injection moulding.Polymers16921311169210.3390/polym13111692
     [Google Scholar]
  98. PracellaM. HaqueM.M-U. AlvarezV. Functionalization, compatibilization and properties of polyolefin composites with natural fibers.Polymers20102455457410.3390/polym2040554
     [Google Scholar]
  99. PopovA.A. Biodegradable polymer compositions based on polyolefins.Polym. Sci. Ser. A202163662363610.1134/S0965545X21060092
     [Google Scholar]
  100. PracellaM. ChionnaD. AnguillesiI. KulinskiZ. PiorkowskaE. Functionalization, compatibilization and properties of polypropylene composites with Hemp fibres.Compos. Sci. Technol.200666132218223010.1016/j.compscitech.2005.12.006
     [Google Scholar]
  101. SahebD.N. JogJ.P. Natural fiber polymer composites: A review.Adv. Polym. Technol.199918435136310.1002/(SICI)1098‑2329(199924)18:4<351::AID‑ADV6>3.0.CO;2‑X
     [Google Scholar]
  102. YuL. DeanK. LiL. Polymer blends and composites from renewable resources.Prog. Polym. Sci.200631657660210.1016/j.progpolymsci.2006.03.002
     [Google Scholar]
  103. GeorgeJ. SreekalaM.S. ThomasS. A review on interface modification and characterization of natural fiber reinforced plastic composites.Polym. Eng. Sci.20014191471148510.1002/pen.10846
     [Google Scholar]
  104. OksmanK. LindbergH. HolmgrenA. The nature and location of SEBS-MA compatibilizer in polyethylene-wood flour composites.J. Appl. Polym. Sci.199869120120910.1002/(SICI)1097‑4628(19980705)69:1<201::AID‑APP23>3.0.CO;2‑0
     [Google Scholar]
  105. RamachandranA. RangappaM.S. KushvahaV. KhanA. SeingchinS. DhakalH.N. Modification of fibers and matrices in natural fiber reinforced polymer composites: A comprehensive review.Macromol. Rapid Commun.20224317210086210.1002/marc.202100862 35609116
     [Google Scholar]
  106. GassanJ. BledzkiA.K. The influence of fiber-surface treatment on the mechanical properties of jute-polypropylene composites.Compos., Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf.199728121001100510.1016/S1359‑835X(97)00042‑0
     [Google Scholar]
  107. FengD. CaulfieldD.F. SanadiA.R. Effect of compatibilizer on the structure‐property relationships of kenaf‐fiber/polypropylene composites.Polym. Compos.200122450651710.1002/pc.10555
     [Google Scholar]
  108. EspertA. CamachoW. KarlsonS. Thermal and thermomechanical properties of biocomposites made from modified recycled cellulose and recycled polypropylene.J. Appl. Polym. Sci.20038992353236010.1002/app.12091
     [Google Scholar]
  109. ZampaloniM. PourboghratF. YankovichS.A. RodgersB.N. MooreJ. DrzalL.T. MohantyA.K. MisraM. Kenaf natural fiber reinforced polypropylene composites: A discussion on manufacturing problems and solutions.Compos., Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf.20073861569158010.1016/j.compositesa.2007.01.001
     [Google Scholar]
  110. NaikwadiA.T. SharmaB.K. BhattK.D. MahanwarP.A. Gamma radiation processed polymeric materials for high performance applications: a review.Front Chem.20221083711110.3389/fchem.2022.837111 35360545
     [Google Scholar]
  111. ThakurS. ChoudhuryJ. SharmaB. VermaA. TamuleviciusS. ThakurV.K. Recent developments in recycling of polystyrene based plastics.Curr. Opin. Green Sustain. Chem.201813323810.1016/j.cogsc.2018.03.011
     [Google Scholar]
  112. MtibeA. MotloungM.P. BandyopadhyayJ. RayS.S. Synthetic biopolymers and their composites: Advantages and limitations-An overview.Macromol. Rapid Commun.20214215210013010.1002/marc.202100130 34216411
     [Google Scholar]
  113. GeorgeN. DebroyA. BhatS. BindalS. SinghS. Bio-waste to bioplastics: an eco-friendly approach for a sustainable future.J. Appl. Biotech. Rep.20218322123310.30491/JABR.2021.259403.1318
     [Google Scholar]
  114. HashimahN.A. Sustainability Challenges and Future Perspective of Biopolymer.ChamSpringer2022373389
     [Google Scholar]
  115. HamadK. KaseemM. DeriF. Biodegradable polymer blends and their applications.J. Polym. Res.20212812345360
     [Google Scholar]
  116. JohnM.J. ThomasS. Biofibres and biocomposites.Carbohydr. Polym.202271334336410.1016/j.carbpol.2007.05.040
     [Google Scholar]
  117. GuptaB. RevagadeN. HilbornJ. Poly(lactic acid) fiber: An overview.Prog. Polym. Sci.202032445548210.1016/j.progpolymsci.2007.01.005
     [Google Scholar]
  118. ThakurV.K. SinghK. AhujaT. Bio-composites for sustainable applications.Mater. Today Proc.202145512891302
     [Google Scholar]
  119. ChenG.Q. PatelM.K. Plastics derived from biological sources: Present and future prospects.Chem. Rev.202112161234512378
     [Google Scholar]
  120. JambeckJ.R. LawK.L. GeyerR. Bioplastics: The new frontier in the fight against plastic pollution.Nat. Sustain.20225298110
     [Google Scholar]
  121. WeiR. ZimmermannW. YoshidaS. Biodegradable plastics in medical applications: Advances and challenges.Prog. Polym. Sci.20231347210234
     [Google Scholar]
  122. ScientificD. PHA-based bioplastics: Applications and environmental benefits.J. Mater. Sci.202256945014512
     [Google Scholar]
  123. NagarajK. ThangamuniyandiP. VelmuruganG. AlotaibiK.M. RajaK. SharmaB.K. Green synthesis of eosin-y coated silver nanoparticles for sensitive and selective fluorometric detection of L-dopa.J. Fluoresc.202511210.1007/s10895‑024‑04116‑7 39812755
     [Google Scholar]
  124. PatilH.V. KulkarniR.D. WadaanM.A. BadgujarN.P. NagarajK. RajaK. GhodakeG.S. Synthesis and characterization of oleyl-based green surfactants for enhanced pigment dispersion.J. Indian Chem. Soc.2025102210158310.1016/j.jics.2025.101583
     [Google Scholar]
  125. NagarajK. RadhaS. DeepaC.G. RajaK. UmapathyV. BadgujarN.P. ParekhN.M. ManimegalaiT. DeviL.A. UthraC. Photocatalytic advancements and applications of titanium dioxide (TiO2): progress in biomedical, environmental, and energy sustainability. Next Research20252(1)10018010.1016/j.nexres.2025.100180
     [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/cgc/10.2174/0122133461372269250503082219
Loading
Advancements in Bioresource-based Polymers and Composites: Sustainable Alternatives to Non-biodegradable Plastics for a Greener Future: A Review
Curr Green Chem 13, 163 (2026); https://doi.org/10.2174/0122133461372269250503082219
/content/journals/cgc/10.2174/0122133461372269250503082219
/content/journals/cgc/10.2174/0122133461372269250503082219
Loading

Data & Media loading...


  • Article Type:     Review Article
Keyword(s): biodegradable materials; bioplastics; Bioresource-based polymers; environmental sustainability; polyolefin plastics; sustainable composites

Most Cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error
Please enter a valid_number test