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image of Evaluation of Cranberry as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Intracerebroventricular (ICV) Quinolinic Acid-induced Cognitive Impairment in Rats

Abstract

Background

Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) is rich in vitamins, minerals, anthocyanins, flavonoids, and phenolic acids, offering potent antioxidant activity. Polyphenols in cranberries are linked to neuroprotective effects via modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and signaling pathways.

Objectives

This study evaluated the neuroprotective effects of cranberries on behavioral and neurochemical abnormalities induced by intracerebroventricular (ICV) quinolinic acid (QA) in Wistar rats, focusing on ERK and PI3K/AKT pathway modulation.

Methods

Thirty Wistar rats were divided into groups: control, QA (240 nM, ICV), QA + cranberry (0.5 g/kg, p.o.), and QA + high-dose cranberry (2 g/kg, p.o.). Treatments continued for 21 days. Behavioral performance was assessed via Novel Object Recognition, Morris Water Maze, rotarod, and footprint analysis. Biochemical assays measured oxidative/nitrosative stress markers, mitochondrial complex activities, and cholinergic function. Histological analysis evaluated neuronal integrity.

Results

QA treatment impaired cognition, motor function, and mitochondrial activity, increased oxidative stress (↑MDA, ↑nitrite, ↓GSH), and induced cholinergic dysfunction. Cranberry supplementation, particularly at 2 g/kg, significantly improved memory, learning, and motor coordination, restored GSH, reduced MDA and nitrite levels, enhanced mitochondrial complexes I, II, and IV activities, and normalized cholinergic markers. Histology confirmed reduced neuronal degeneration and inflammation.

Discussion

Cranberries exhibit neuroprotective effects likely via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-excitotoxic mechanisms, promoting synaptic plasticity and neuronal survival.

Conclusion

Cranberries may serve as a potential natural therapeutic strategy for cognitive deficits and neurodegenerative conditions, warranting further translational studies.

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2025-05-26
2025-10-31

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Evaluation of Cranberry as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Intracerebroventricular (ICV) Quinolinic Acid-induced Cognitive Impairment in Rats
Bentham Science Publishers ; https://doi.org/10.2174/0113862073375293250520050009
/content/journals/cchts/10.2174/0113862073375293250520050009
/content/journals/cchts/10.2174/0113862073375293250520050009
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  • Article Type:     Research Article
Keywords: neuroprotection ; Cranberry ; quinolinic acid ; cognitive impairment ; neuroinflammation ; mitochondrial function ; oxidative stress ; cholinergic dysfunction

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