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2000
Volume 28, Issue 8
  • ISSN: 1386-2073
  • E-ISSN: 1875-5402

Abstract

Background

Food supplements such as vitamin D and omega-3 have a significant role in activating the immune system and impacting the diversity of gut microbiota; thus, controlling the growth of invading pathogens indirectly.

Objective

This study aims to evaluate the direct antimicrobial activity of vitamin D3 and omega-3 individually, combined together, and combined with low concentrations of gentamicin or amphotericin B against selected pathogenic microorganisms. In addition, this study hypothesizes the potential antimicrobial mechanism and recommends suitable studies to be conducted.

Methods

Minimum inhibitory concentration of different serial dilutions of vitamin D (0.7 μg/mL-83.3 μg/mL) or omega-3 (0.7 mg/mL-100 mg/mL) or combined (vitamin D3:1.3 μg/mL-83.3 μg/mL and omega-3:1.56 mg/mL-100 mg/mL) with/without antibiotic have been investigated on using check board technique.

Results

The highest concentration of vitamin D (83.3 μg/mL) demonstrated a complete eradication of the tested microorganisms. Conversely, omega-3 had a lower effect on them. The highest concentration of combining vitamin D and omega-3 with/without gentamicin resulted in a complete eradication of the , and with a 6.8 to 7 log reduction. On the other hand, was inhibited when using vitamin D3 (83.3 μg/mL) or when this concentration is combined with 100 mg/mL of omega-3. However, when these two concentrations were added to amphotericin B the log reduction dropped to 0.45 suggesting antagonistic effect.

Conclusion

These findings suggested that, unlike omega 3, vitamin D possesses good antimicrobial effects against pathogenic microorganisms. The combination of the studied food supplement showed enhanced microbial inhibition at high concentration, while they had antagonistic effect when combined with amphotericin B and applied on combined. Further studies on the exact antimicrobial mechanism are still required to understand the measured data here.

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2025-09-28

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The Antimicrobial Activity of Combination of Vitamin D3 and Omega-3 against Pathogenic Microorganisms
Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 28, 1278 (2025); https://doi.org/10.2174/0113862073293834240425061327
/content/journals/cchts/10.2174/0113862073293834240425061327
/content/journals/cchts/10.2174/0113862073293834240425061327
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  • Article Type:     Research Article
Keyword(s): amphotericin B; C. albicans; E. coli; gentamicin; omega 3; P. aeruginosa; S. aureus; Vitamin D3

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