A Comprehensive Review on Successors of LEACH Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks

Background: LEACH protocol, even after 20 years, is of interest due to the consideration of the examination network, using wireless sensor networks (WSNs) that demonstrate the significance of the LEACH protocol. Professionals have thought of different types of the LEACH convention. Beneficiaries of the LEACH convention are presently accessible from single hop to multi-hop positions. Methods: The present paper reviews different variations of LEACH steering conventions introduced and examines their upgradation and working. We have examined 65 unique variations of LEACH and inspected how they improve imperativeness usage in WSNs and augmentation framework's lifetime. This study classifies conventions in two areas, to be specific, single-hop correspondence and multihop correspondence, dependent on information communication from the cluster head to the base station. Results: A complete investigation utilizing eight unique features, such as energy efficiency, scalability, delay, overhead, etc., has been given in an ordered manner. Conclusion: The article additionally talks about the solid and feeble purposes of each variation of LEACH. At last, the paper concludes with proposals for future research spaces in the zone of WSN.