Skip to content
2000
Volume 22, Issue 12
  • ISSN: 1570-1786
  • E-ISSN: 1875-6255

Abstract

The effectiveness of herbal preparations depends on achieving therapeutic plasma concentrations. The efficacy of phytoconstituents is often hindered by poor lipid solubility, high molecular weight, or degradation in the gastric environment. The liquisolid system is a promising technique for developing herbal pharmaceuticals due to its simple manufacturing process, low production costs, industrial viability, excellent flow and compaction properties, and ability to protect active ingredients from oxidation. The liquisolid technique converts liquid formulations, suspensions, or solutions into dry, free-flowing, and compressible powder blends. This approach enhances drug dissolution rates, maintains the photostability of phytoconstituents, and protects against humidity, thereby extending shelf-life. However, the technique faces challenges, such as carefully selecting excipients and difficulties with high-dose formulations. Overcoming these challenges is crucial to improving the therapeutic efficacy of phytoconstituents in pharmaceutical applications. This review explores the liquisolid technique for phytoconstituent drug delivery by conducting an extensive literature analysis using PubMed, CrossRef, and Google Scholar databases. Advances in excipient selection and formulation strategies can significantly enhance the therapeutic potential of herbal treatments employing liquisolid technology, fostering the development of advanced drug delivery systems in modern pharmaceuticals.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/loc/10.2174/0115701786365794250717080612
2025-12-01
2026-01-04
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. HoráčkováL. ChmelíčkováK. HermannováM. PituchaT. VágnerováH. ŽidekO. VelebnýV. ChmelařJ. Int. J. Biol. Macromol.202323412365410.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123654 36780961
    [Google Scholar]
  2. HanJ. ZhangS. HeJ. LiT. Toxins2023151269610.3390/toxins15120696 38133200
    [Google Scholar]
  3. FaizanM. MoazzamI. Indian J. Pharma Educat Res.202433220237
    [Google Scholar]
  4. KazmiI. Al-AbbasiF.A. ImamS.S. AfzalM. NadeemM.S. AltaybH.N. AlshehriS. Polymers2022147134910.3390/polym14071349 35406223
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Ogadah, CU Doctoral thesis review, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Charles University,2021
    [Google Scholar]
  6. PatelS.K. ChaudharyH.R. GandhiT.R. Int. J. Pharm. Investig.202313353854710.5530/ijpi.13.3.067
    [Google Scholar]
  7. LouY. YuK. WuX. WangZ. CuiY. BaoH. WangJ. HuX. JiY. TangG. Molecules20212618572210.3390/molecules26185722 34577193
    [Google Scholar]
  8. VermaP. ChandraA. PandeyG. J. Org. Chem.201883179968997710.1021/acs.joc.8b01368 30005155
    [Google Scholar]
  9. KaurA. VermaS. ParameshD.B. MahammadN. Indian J. Pharma Educat Res.20245841198120410.5530/ijper.58.4.132
    [Google Scholar]
  10. FitrianiL. TirtaniaS. UmarS. ZainiE. J. Pharm. Pharmacogn. Res.202412117518310.56499/jppres23.1734_12.1.175
    [Google Scholar]
  11. StasiłowiczA. RosiakN. TykarskaE. KozakM. JenczykJ. SzulcP. Kobus-CisowskaJ. LewandowskaK. PłazińskaA. PłazińskiW. Cielecka-PiontekJ. Int. J. Mol. Sci.2021228419510.3390/ijms22084195 33919582
    [Google Scholar]
  12. YuY. WeiR. JiaX. ZhangX. LiuH. XuB. XuB. J. Oleo Sci.202271121789179710.5650/jos.ess21299 36336340
    [Google Scholar]
  13. KoniecznaD.D. BillerH. WitteM. SchmidtW.G. NeubaA. WilhelmR. Tetrahedron201874114214910.1016/j.tet.2017.11.053
    [Google Scholar]
  14. ImamS.S. AlshehriS. AltamimiM.A. HussainA. QamarW. GilaniS.J. ZafarA. AlruwailiN.K. AlanaziS. AlmutairyB.K. Molecules20212611328110.3390/molecules26113281 34072306
    [Google Scholar]
  15. VemulaS.K. RadhikaK. J. Drug Res. Dev.20151124701009
    [Google Scholar]
  16. ChaudharyN. TripathiD. RaiA.K. Curr. Drug Deliv.202017863865010.2174/1567201817666200516155733 32416691
    [Google Scholar]
  17. LuM. XingH. JiangJ. ChenX. YangT. WangD. DingP. Asian J. Pharm. Sci.201712211512310.1016/j.ajps.2016.09.007 32104320
    [Google Scholar]
  18. ElkordyA.A. TanX.N. EssaE.A. Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm.201383220322310.1016/j.ejpb.2012.08.004 22960707
    [Google Scholar]
  19. VraníkováB. GajdziokJ. VetchýD. BioMed Res. Int.2015201511210.1155/2015/608435 26075249
    [Google Scholar]
  20. AleksićI. German IlićI. CvijićS. ParojčićJ. AAPS PharmSci Tech.202021724210.1208/s12249‑020‑01781‑2
    [Google Scholar]
  21. JaydipB. DhavalM. SoniwalaM.M. ChavdaJ. Saudi Pharm. J.202028673774510.1016/j.jsps.2020.04.016 32550806
    [Google Scholar]
  22. TayelS.A. SolimanI.I. LouisD. Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm.200869134234710.1016/j.ejpb.2007.09.003 17949959
    [Google Scholar]
  23. SpireasS. US Patent 6,423,3392002
  24. TripathiD. MishraS. RaiA.K. SahooJ. SharmaD.K. SinghY. Curr. Green Chem.202291263910.2174/2213346110666221020121020
    [Google Scholar]
  25. OgadahC.U. MrštnáK. MatysováL. MüllertzA. RadesT. NiederquellA. ŠklubalováZ. VraníkováB. Int. J. Pharm.202465012370210.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123702 38086492
    [Google Scholar]
  26. AdefeghaS.A. OyediranJ.A. ObohG. Comp. Clin. Pathol.202332345146010.1007/s00580‑023‑03456‑3
    [Google Scholar]
  27. MitraS. AnandU. JhaN.K. ShekhawatM.S. SahaS.C. NongdamP. RengasamyK.R.R. ProćkówJ. DeyA. Front. Pharmacol.20221277241810.3389/fphar.2021.772418 35069196
    [Google Scholar]
  28. ChandelP. KumariR. KapoorA. J. Drug Deliv. Ther.20133413113710.22270/jddt.v3i4.556
    [Google Scholar]
  29. SariD.R. WardhanaY.W. RusdianaT. Indones. J. Pharm.2020227788
    [Google Scholar]
  30. PatilU. MudavathH. PatilS. JadatkarK. KumarG. PatelS. Int. J. Pharm. Res. Dev.201243151157
    [Google Scholar]
  31. LiX.S. WangJ.X. ShenZ.G. ZhangP.Y. ChenJ.F. YunJ. Int. J. Pharm.20073421-2263210.1016/j.ijpharm.2007.04.025 17566675
    [Google Scholar]
  32. KarmarkarA.B. GonjariI.D. HosmaniA.H. DhabaleP.N. Drug Discov. Ther.2010412632 22491149
    [Google Scholar]
  33. GangodeB.D. AhirraoS. ChavanD. JadhavA. KshirsagarS. IndianJ. Drugs201644149167
    [Google Scholar]
  34. PandaS. VaraprasadR. PriyankaK. SwainR.P. Inter J. Appl. Pharma.20179381410.22159/ijap.2017v9i3.18698
    [Google Scholar]
  35. LouJ. DuanH. QinQ. TengZ. GanF. ZhouX. ZhouX. Pharmaceutics202315248410.3390/pharmaceutics15020484 36839807
    [Google Scholar]
  36. ZhangL. RussellD. ConwayB.R. BatchelorH. Crit. Rev. Ther. Drug Carrier Syst.200825325930410.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.v25.i3.20
    [Google Scholar]
  37. PandeyP. ChaudharyR. TripathiD. LavudiK. DuaK. WeinfeldM. LavasanifarA. RajinikanthP.S. Med. Oncol.2024411125210.1007/s12032‑024‑02504‑4 39320608
    [Google Scholar]
  38. TripathiD. YadavP. MishraG. RaiA.K. Micro Nanosyst.202416212313810.2174/0118764029286890240314060427
    [Google Scholar]
  39. KoziolekM. GrimmM. BeckerD. IordanovV. ZouH. ShimizuJ. WankeC. GarbaczG. WeitschiesW. J. Pharm. Sci.201510492855286310.1002/jps.24274 25411065
    [Google Scholar]
  40. El-HammadiM. AwadN. AAPS PharmSciTech2012131535810.1208/s12249‑011‑9719‑6 22101967
    [Google Scholar]
  41. KanugoA. Inter J. Appl. Pharma20207344010.22159/ijap.2020v12i6.39510
    [Google Scholar]
  42. NazemN.M. ShokriJ. NouraniN. ZangiA.R. LamM. NokhodchiA. JavadzadehY. J. Pharm. Innov.202318130030910.1007/s12247‑022‑09641‑1
    [Google Scholar]
  43. PrustyA. JenaB.R. BarikV. KhamkatP. BarikB.B. Curr. Drug Discov. Technol.2024221810.2174/0115701638318659240923074614 39377384
    [Google Scholar]
  44. BaranauskaiteJ. KopustinskieneD.M. MasteikovaR. GajdziokJ. BaranauskasA. BernatonieneJ. Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp.201853928029010.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.12.034
    [Google Scholar]
  45. DateA.A. DesaiN. DixitR. NagarsenkerM. Nanomedicine20105101595161610.2217/nnm.10.126 21143036
    [Google Scholar]
  46. JhaveriM. NairA.B. ShahJ. JacobS. PatelV. MehtaT. Drug Deliv. Transl. Res.202010497598510.1007/s13346‑020‑00734‑3 32124413
    [Google Scholar]
  47. AgibaA.M. Curr. Drug Deliv.202017973675410.2174/1567201817999200729121914 32729418
    [Google Scholar]
  48. RashadA. LouisD. Ther. Deliv.2022131257758910.4155/tde‑2022‑0057 36861309
    [Google Scholar]
  49. AleksićI. GlišićT. ParojčićJ. Arch. Pharma202272652154510.5937/arhfarm72‑40329
    [Google Scholar]
  50. TaghizadehZ. RakhshaniS. JahaniV. RajabiO. HaghighiH.M. AbbaspourM. J. Drug Deliv. Sci. Technol.20216110223210.1016/j.jddst.2020.102232
    [Google Scholar]
  51. BurraS. YamsaniM. VobalaboinaV. Braz. J. Pharm. Sci.201147347548210.1590/S1984‑82502011000300005
    [Google Scholar]
  52. RathvaD ShahC UpadhyayU. 2024
  53. TripathiD. SharmaD.K. SahooJ. Curr. Radiopharm.202418210011910.2174/0118744710311951241018054453 39449340
    [Google Scholar]
  54. TongY. WangY. YangM. YangJ. ChenL. ChuX. GaoC. JinQ. GongW. GaoC. Pharmaceutics20181039610.3390/pharmaceutics10030096 30021949
    [Google Scholar]
  55. TripathiD. ChaudharyN. Kumar SharmaD. SahooJ. Res. J. Pharma Tech.20211442277227910.52711/0974‑360X.2021.00402
    [Google Scholar]
  56. SaeediM. AkbariJ. SemnaniK. HashemiS.M.H. GhasemiS. TahmasbiN. AzizpoorE. FaghaniN. RostamkalaeiS.S. NokhodchiA. J. Dispers. Sci. Technol.202243337538410.1080/01932691.2020.1842211
    [Google Scholar]
  57. TønnesenH.H. Int. J. Pharm.20012251-211410.1016/S0378‑5173(01)00746‑3 11489550
    [Google Scholar]
  58. TripathiD.; Pandey, P.; Sharma, S.; Rai, A.K.; Prabhu B H, M.Bioimpacts20241513057310.34172/bi.30573 40256227
    [Google Scholar]
  59. Al-OkbiS.Y. MohamedD.A. HamedT.E.S. Abd El-AlimS.H. KassemA.A. MostafaD.M. Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm.2019451324210.1080/03639045.2018.1515219 30132727
    [Google Scholar]
  60. TripathiD. ChaudharyN. SharmaD.K. SahooJ. Curr. Drug Ther.202116539340810.2174/1574885516666210914105024
    [Google Scholar]
  61. PatelUb. ShahCn. PatelHm. Pharma Sci. Monitor20189219
    [Google Scholar]
  62. JagtapS. MagdumC. JadgeD. JagtapR. J. Pharm. Sci. Res.201810922052211
    [Google Scholar]
  63. JadhavN.R. IrnyP.V. PatilU.S. J. Drug Deliv. Sci. Technol.2017389710610.1016/j.jddst.2017.01.009
    [Google Scholar]
  64. TripathiD. GuptaT. PandeyP. Mol. Biol. Rep.2024511105010.1007/s11033‑024‑09978‑5 39395120
    [Google Scholar]
  65. ElmasA. AkyüzG. BergalA. AndaçM. AndaçÖ. Res. Eng. Struct. Mater.202064327350
    [Google Scholar]
  66. KaurM. BalaR. AroraS. InterJ. Adv. Pharm. Sci.20134115
    [Google Scholar]
  67. AsuzuP.C. TrompeterN.S. CooperC.R. BesongS.A. AryeeA.N.A. Molecules2022273108710.3390/molecules27031087 35164354
    [Google Scholar]
  68. KorniR. VoodikalaS. GonuguntaC.S.R. JayantiV. Indian J. Pharm. Sci.201880610.4172/pharmaceutical‑sciences.1000450
    [Google Scholar]
  69. BurraS. GalipellyS.K. Sch. Res. Libr.201026321328
    [Google Scholar]
  70. YadavP.S. HajareA.A. PatilK.S. J. Dispers. Sci. Technol.20244561227124010.1080/01932691.2023.2203760
    [Google Scholar]
  71. TripathiD. ChaudharyN. WalP. RaiA.K. SahooJ. Drug Deliv. Lett.202111322023210.2174/2210303111666210712100722
    [Google Scholar]
  72. JavadzadehY. MusaalrezaeiL. NokhodchiA. Int. J. Pharm.20083621-210210810.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.06.022 18647643
    [Google Scholar]
  73. KulkarniA.S. AloorkarN.H. ManeM.S. GajaJ.B. IJPSN2010311810.37285/ijpsn.2010.3.1.1
    [Google Scholar]
  74. FahmyR. KassemM. Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm.2008693993100310.1016/j.ejpb.2008.02.017 18396390
    [Google Scholar]
  75. YadavV.B. YadavA.V. Int. J. Pharm. Res. Dev.2010112
    [Google Scholar]
  76. JavadzadehY. Jafari-NavimipourB. NokhodchiA. Int. J. Pharm.20073411-2263410.1016/j.ijpharm.2007.03.034 17498898
    [Google Scholar]
  77. SpireasS. SaduS. GroverR. J. Pharm. Sci.199887786787210.1021/js970346g 9649356
    [Google Scholar]
  78. SongR.F. LiX.J. ChengX.L. FuA.R. WangY.H. FengY.J. XiongY. Oncol. Rep.20143241481148810.3892/or.2014.3344 25051142
    [Google Scholar]
  79. LimpongsaE. TabboonP. PongjanyakulT. JaipakdeeN. PondkuleM.A. BabarV. Pharmaceutics20221411240710.3390/pharmaceutics14112407 36365225
    [Google Scholar]
  80. TripathiD. RamanS.K. SahooJ. SharmaD.K. RaiA.K. Biointerf. Res. Appl. Chem.20231319110.33263/BRIAC131.091
    [Google Scholar]
  81. SharmaS. AroraV. SharmaT. Lett. Drug Des. Discov.20242171172118410.2174/1570180820666230223101504
    [Google Scholar]
  82. BalajiA.N. UmashankarM.S. KavithaB. Inter J. Appl. Pharma.2014611119
    [Google Scholar]
  83. SiddiquiS. KhushtarM. ZafarA. HasanS.M. ArshadM. AhmadM.A. KashifM. MujahidM. Curr. Pharmacol. Rep.20239311712710.1007/s40495‑023‑00314‑2
    [Google Scholar]
  84. BadawyM.A. KamelA.O. SammourO.A. Drug Deliv.201623380881710.3109/10717544.2014.917442 24892630
    [Google Scholar]
  85. SharmaV. PathakK. Int. J. Biol. Macromol.2019137203110.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.06.188 31252010
    [Google Scholar]
  86. DalwadiS. ThakkarV.T. RanaH.B. Curr. Drug Ther.202116540942210.2174/1574885516666210531130134
    [Google Scholar]
  87. SundaresanA. NivedithaR. PadmanabhanS. HariB.V. RamyadeviD. Int. J. Pharm. Tech. Res.20146720832091
    [Google Scholar]
  88. JaipakdeeN. LimpongsaE. SripanidkulchaiB. PiyachaturawatP. Int. J. Pharm.20185531-215716810.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.10.031 30316793
    [Google Scholar]
  89. NoppharatK. JaipakdeeN. LimpongsaE. Inter J. Appl. Pharma2019114253110.22159/ijap.2019v11i4.32678
    [Google Scholar]
  90. ParmarK. PatelJ. ShethN. J. Pharm. Investig.201444539139810.1007/s40005‑014‑0134‑3
    [Google Scholar]
  91. ParmarK. PatelJ. ShethN. J. Pharm. Investig.201646654755610.1007/s40005‑016‑0239‑y
    [Google Scholar]
  92. ChettupalliA.K. AmaraR.R. AmarachintaP.R. MandaR.M. GarigeB.S. YataV.K. Biointerf. Res. Appl. Chem.20211233883389910.33263/BRIAC123.38833899
    [Google Scholar]
  93. SirithunyalugB. SaenjumC. CharumaneeS. SivamaruthiB.S. ChaiyasutC. SirithunyalugJ. TipduangtaP. Nutrients201810444410.3390/nu10040444 29617306
    [Google Scholar]
  94. ShetaN.M. ElfekyY.A. BoshraS.A. AAPS PharmSciTech20202138110.1208/s12249‑019‑1609‑3 31974855
    [Google Scholar]
  95. TsaiZ. CarverK.A. GongH.H. KosaiK. DengJ.C. WorleyM.J. Biomedicines2023118225210.3390/biomedicines11082252 37626748
    [Google Scholar]
  96. KostelanskáK. KurhajecS. PavlokováS. VetchýD. GajdziokJ. FrancA. Pharmaceutics202214224810.3390/pharmaceutics14020248 35213981
    [Google Scholar]
  97. TripathiD. SrivastavaM. RathourK. RaiA.K. WalP. SahooJ. TiwariR.K. PandeyP. Drug Metab. Bioanal. Lett.20231628910410.2174/2949681016666230803150329 37534794
    [Google Scholar]
  98. BangJ.S. OhD.H. ChoiH.M. SurB.J. LimS.J. KimJ.Y. YangH.I. YooM.C. HahmD.H. KimK.S. Arthritis Res. Ther.2009112R4910.1186/ar2662 19327174
    [Google Scholar]
  99. ChellaN. NarraN. Rama RaoT. J. Drug Deliv.2014201469279310.1155/2014/692793
    [Google Scholar]
  100. KurhajecS. KostelanskáK. PavlokováS. VetchýD. WolaschkaT. GajdziokJ. FrancA. J. Drug Deliv. Sci. Technol.20206010202210.1016/j.jddst.2020.102022
    [Google Scholar]
  101. KasturiM. In: Drug Formulation Design.London, UKIntechOpen202218
    [Google Scholar]
  102. TripathiD. RathourK. PandeyP. TiwariR.K. RaiA.K. ADMET DMPK202412688190110.5599/admet.2372 39713257
    [Google Scholar]
  103. MahmoodT. SarfrazR.M. IsmailA. AliM. KhanA.R. Assay Drug Dev. Technol.2023212657910.1089/adt.2022.119 36917562
    [Google Scholar]
  104. KhazimM.E. HasanH.J. HanoonN.M. Al-SaidyH.A. Univer Thi-Qar.J. Sci.202182435110.32792/utq/utjsci.v8i2.811
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/loc/10.2174/0115701786365794250717080612
Loading
/content/journals/loc/10.2174/0115701786365794250717080612
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error
Please enter a valid_number test