Bifunctional Anti-HIV/TB Inhibitors: Perspective from In-Silico Design and Molecular Dynamics Simulations

A Hybrid pharmacophore and structure-based drug design approach, aided by binding mode analysis, molecular dynamics simulations and per-residue energy contribution calculations, was used to design five novel structural scaffolds as potential bifunctional anti-HIV/TB inhibitors. Binding free energy calculations demonstrated that the proposed compounds exhibited better binding affinities towards HIV PR and BlaC enzymes when compared to prototype drugs, darunavir and meropenem, respectively. The lead design strategy presented in this work could serve as a useful tool for developing bifunctional inhibitors against wide range of biological targets.