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image of Emerging Vector-Borne Nipah Virus Infection: Unexplored Hazards, Diagnostic Challenges, and the Potential of Phytomedicine-Based Therapeutics

Abstract

Introduction

Millions of people have died from zoonotic illnesses, like COVID-19 and Nipahvirus infection (NiV), throughout history. Fruit bats ( sp.) are the main reservoir host for NiV, an RNA virus belonging to the group, which causes extremely infectious illnesses, such as COVID-19. NiV outbreaks have posed significant public health concerns, especially in South and Southeast Asia. The Nipah virus (NiV) infection is caused by a virus that belongs to the family's genus. It is the source of zoonosis, which causes respiratory and neurological symptoms.

Methods

This study has reviewed the epidemiology, pathophysiology, genetic diversity, and phylogenetics of NiV. It has explored NiV’s clinical features, cellular monitoring, infection factors, and the virus’ reservoir host.

Results

Phylogenetic analysis has identified two circulating NiV lineages. Additionally, the study has examined the role of phytochemicals in combating viral infections. Despite the absence of a focused therapy for COVID-19, phytochemicals have been investigated for their potential antiviral properties. Evidence suggests that plants and their components may possess resistance against NiV by modulating the immune system and inhibiting viral replication.

Discussion

The investigation into plant-derived compounds has offered a novel direction for NiV treatment, potentially enhancing viral resistance through immune modulation. Continued research on natural antivirals could bridge current gaps in therapeutic options for emerging zoonotic diseases.

Conclusion

The study has highlighted the transmission risk, detection challenges, and the potential of phytochemicals in managing NiV infections. The therapeutic potential of plants and their antiviral properties offer promising insights into future treatments for serious viral diseases, like NiV.

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2025-10-23
2026-03-01

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Emerging Vector-Borne Nipah Virus Infection: Unexplored Hazards, Diagnostic Challenges, and the Potential of Phytomedicine-Based Therapeutics
Bentham Science Publishers ; https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128391667250924111516
/content/journals/cpd/10.2174/0113816128391667250924111516
/content/journals/cpd/10.2174/0113816128391667250924111516
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  • Article Type:     Review Article
Keywords: phytochemical ; medicinal plant ; Ebola virus ; Nipah virus ; pandemic ; COVID-19

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