Correlation Between Insulin Levels and Thyroid Hormones in Diabetic Animals After Caffeine Consumption Associated with Exercise

Introduction: Thyroid hormones (TH) are important determinants of glucose homeostasis, and in contrast, insulin is the first hormone responsible for glycemic control. Objective: The objective of the present study was to correlate the levels of insulin and thyroid hormones in diabetic animals after caffeine consumption associated with physical exercise. Methods: A total of 48 animals, 60 days old were allocated in eight experimental groups: Control, Diabetic, Exercise, Diabetes + exercise, Caffeine, Diabetes + Caffeine, Caffeine + Exercise, and Diabetes + Exercise + Caffeine. Diabetes model was induced by intraperitoneal administration of 120 mg/kg of alloxan. On the test day, 6 mg/kg of caffeine was administrated 30 minutes before physical exercise. After, animals performed a 60 minutes’ session of predominantly aerobic exercise, using an overload of 6% of their body’s weight. Blood has been collected by a caudal puncture to future insulin, TSH, T3, and T4 analyses. Results: After caffeine treatment and training, insulin values were higher for the control groups (231%) when compared to the diabetic groups. A significant increase in plasmatic insulin concentration was found in caffeine group (95%) and Exercise+Caffeine group (56%) when compared to Control and Exercise groups. TSH values were increased for Diabetes, Diabetes+Caffeine and Diabetes+ Exercise+Caffeine groups (30%) compared to the other groups. A reduction in T4 values occurred in the animals of groups Diabetes+Exercise and Diabetes +Caffeine (66%) compared to the Control group. T3 values were significantly increased for the Diabetes+Exercise group (70%) when compared to the Diabetes+Exercise+Caffeine group. Conclusion: Physical exercise and caffeine consumption were able to promote hormonal changes in diabetic animals after 30 days of training. The study showed a reduction in the serum concentration of thyroid hormones, but insulin levels were higher.