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Current Nutrition and Food Science (CNF) has now achieved considerable visibility in the scientific circles. It is clear that this success is due to the quality of papers that are being published by reputed scientists from all over the world. From time to time, CNF encourages publication of special issues devoted to a particular theme or topics that could be of interest to scientists, clinicians, nutritionists, biochemists, food technologists, and others. The idea of such special issues is to bring to the attention of scientific community some of the advances made in a particular area or topic in which CNF has an interest. In the present issue, we assembled some very interesting articles in the area of natural products, bioinformatics with particular emphasis on common clinical conditions, and cancer. The authors have done a marvelous job in presenting their work emphasizing the practical application value of their work. Even though the topics covered in this issue appear to be wide, it is clear that all papers are related to human disease(s). For instance, the short and preliminary work on breast feeding and its relationship to plasma lipid levels and inflammatory markers suggests that adequate breast feeding in childhood extends its benefits beyond early life at least till adolescence. The reviews by Prof. Aldo R. Eynard and his colleagues bring to our attention how artificial sweeteners could be related to urinary bladder cancer and the role of polyunsaturated fatty acids in cancer. On the other hand, Danik Martirosyan and colleagues discuss in their first paper the protein content of amaranth, a very useful seed and oil that has immense nutritional value, whereas in the second paper they described the method of analysis for phenolic acids in Lithuanian Propolis using HPLC, a useful method that could be useful in future to standardize the protein composition of this material that has commercial value. Allam Appa Rao and his colleagues describe how bioinformatics approach could be used to analyze the involvement various biological molecules in some important clinical conditions. Thus, in this issue, I tried to assemble authors from various diverse fields to give a glimpse of the advances in their respective fields that are of relevance to the field of nutrition and human diseases. I trust that you will enjoy reading these articles. If you have any comments or suggestions, please feel free to contact me at [email protected] and I will be happy to answer or respond to them to the best of my ability.