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image of Nitrate Enrichment and Bioactive Compound Analysis of Beta vulgaris L. Powder Using Advanced Analytical Techniques

Abstract

Introduction

L. (beetroot) is valued for its nutrient diversity, including carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and nitrates. Dietary nitrates are associated with various health benefits. This study aimed to enrich the nitrate content in beetroot and evaluate its nutrient composition.

Methods

Nitrate-enriched beetroot concentrate powder was prepared and analyzed. Nutrient composition was determined using advanced techniques, including inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Proximate analyses were also performed to assess macronutrient and energy content.

Results

The concentrate exhibited 3.0 g/100 g moisture and 5.7 g/100 g ash. ICP-MS revealed minerals and trace elements, including iron, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, zinc, copper, manganese, and selenium (6 ng-36.27 g/kg). Micronutrient profiling identified choline, betaine, and vitamins B3, B9, and B12, ranging from 7 µg/100 g to 1,464.16 mg/kg. Vitamins C, B1, B2, B5, B6, and A were below quantification limits. Macronutrient analysis showed 83.8 g/100 g carbohydrates, 7.4 g/100 g protein, 0.1 g/100 g fat, and an energy value of 365.7 kcal/100 g. Sucrose constituted 2.96% of total carbohydrates.

Discussion

The enriched beetroot concentrate retained a nutrient profile comparable to non-enriched forms. The presence of essential minerals and B vitamins highlights its potential as a functional food ingredient. Lack of detectable levels for some vitamins suggests stability or extraction-related limitations.

Conclusion

Nitrate enrichment in beetroot does not substantially alter its nutrient composition. The product may serve as a valuable nutritional supplement with enhanced functional properties.

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2026-01-08
2026-02-02

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/content/journals/cnf/10.2174/0115734013413218251126021202
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Nitrate Enrichment and Bioactive Compound Analysis of Beta vulgaris L. Powder Using Advanced Analytical Techniques
Bentham Science Publishers ; https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734013413218251126021202
/content/journals/cnf/10.2174/0115734013413218251126021202
/content/journals/cnf/10.2174/0115734013413218251126021202
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  • Article Type:     Research Article
Keywords: HPLC ; nitrate enrichment ; enhanced micro- and macro-nutrients ; Beetroot powder ; ICP-MS ; vitamins and minerals

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