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Volume 21, Issue 1
  • ISSN: 1573-4056
  • E-ISSN: 1875-6603
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Abstract

Background

Leptomeningeal enhancement, visible on MRI, can indicate a variety of diseases, both neoplastic and non-neoplastic.

Objective

This comprehensive pictorial review aims to equip radiologists and trainees with a thorough understanding of the diverse imaging presentations of leptomeningeal disease.

Methods

Drawing from a retrospective analysis of MRI scans conducted between 1 January 2008 and 30 September 2022, at two tertiary teaching hospitals in Singapore, this review covers a wide range of conditions.

Case Collection

The main neoplastic conditions discussed include leptomeningeal carcinomatosis, myelomatosis, schwannoma, CNS lymphoma, and pineal region tumors. Additionally, the review addresses non-neoplastic enhancements such as meningoencephalitis, intracranial hypotension, cerebral ischemia/infarction, epidural lipomatosis, syringomyelia, Sturge-Weber syndrome, and subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Conclusion

By highlighting the imaging features and patterns associated with these conditions, the review underscores the critical role of accurate diagnosis and timely management in improving patient outcomes. Enhanced understanding of these conditions can significantly improve patient outcomes through timely and effective therapeutic interventions.

© 2025 The Author(s). Published by Bentham Science Publishers.
This is an open access article published under CC BY 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
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2025-01-03
2025-10-31

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Leptomeningeal Masses or Masquerades: A Spectrum of Diseases with Leptomeningeal Enhancement and their Mimics
Curr. Med. Imaging 21, E15734056340774 (2025); https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734056340774241227080230
/content/journals/cmir/10.2174/0115734056340774241227080230
/content/journals/cmir/10.2174/0115734056340774241227080230
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  • Article Type:     Review Article
Keyword(s): Leptomeningeal disease spectrum; Leptomeningeal enhancement; Leptomeningeal mass; MRI; Neoplastic conditions; Radiology

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