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2000

Current Forensic Science - Current Issue

Volume 3, Issue 1

Volume 3, Issue 1, 2025

    • A Novel Approach to Latent Fingerprint Development Using Onion (Allium cepa) Powder

      https://doi.org/10.2174/0126664844349096250305062318
      Introduction

      Naturally occurring substances, including quercetin and sulphur compounds, which are recognised for their antioxidant and adhesive characteristics, are found in onion powder, which is made from dried onions. These characteristics make onion powder a suitable choice for the formation of latent fingerprints. Our research investigates a novel approach using onion () powder as a fingerprint-developing agent for both sebaceous and eccrine fingerprints on a variety of porous and non-porous surfaces.

      Methods

      The methodology for sebaceous fingerprints involves ensuring the hands of the donor are clean and free of any extraneous substances before depositing the fingerprint on a selected surface, followed by the application of onion powder with an Ostrich hair brush. For eccrine fingerprints, the hands of the donor undergo a thorough cleansing with soap, water, and acetone, followed by a 45-minute period of wearing unpowdered latex gloves to enhance the presence of eccrine secretions. After glove removal and gentle finger massaging, the eccrine fingerprint is deposited on a non-porous surface. The surfaces used in the study included non-porous materials like iron, glass, steel, aluminium foil, and ceramic tile, as well as porous materials like black paper, leather, rubber, plastic, and cardboard. Hygiene was maintained using ethanol, soap, cotton, and gloves throughout the procedure.

      Results and Discussion

      Results indicated that onion powder effectively developed latent fingerprints on both types of surfaces, highlighting its potential as an alternative to traditional fingerprint powders.

      Conclusion

      This innovative method not only broadens the scope of fingerprint development techniques but also presents a cost-effective and readily available option for forensic applications. The findings underscore the versatility and efficacy of onion powder in forensic fingerprint analysis, offering a promising avenue for future research and practical implementation.

    • A Study on Advancements in Forensic Fingerprints

      https://doi.org/10.2174/0126664844338150241202060301

      Forensic fingerprint analysis has evolved significantly, becoming indispensable in crime investigation. Recent research has aimed to improve accuracy, efficiency, and reliability in this field, given fingerprints' unique role in linking individuals to crime scenes. This review synthesizes recent advancements in technology, methodology, and applications, notably AFIS, 3D fingerprint imaging, chemical analysis, and nanotechnology. Employing a systematic approach, the review gathers recent literature from various databases, including peer-reviewed articles and conference papers from the past five years. It identifies common themes, trends, challenges, and future directions, highlighting the impact of technological advancements. AFIS improvements have notably enhanced speed, accuracy, and interoperability, while emerging trends, like 3D fingerprint imaging and chemical analysis, offer additional forensic capabilities. However, challenges, such as data security and algorithm biases, persist, necessitating further research and collaboration. Despite these challenges, advancements in AFIS, 3D imaging, chemical analysis, and nanotechnology provide powerful tools for accurate crime investigation. Continued research and collaboration are vital to overcoming existing challenges and fully leveraging forensic fingerprint analysis in the pursuit of justice.

    • Consanguine Marriage Leads to Hierarchical Imbalance of ABO and STR Frequency and Affects the Genetic Diversity

      https://doi.org/10.2174/0126664844350819241231050738

      Consanguinity marriages pose a serious social issue for civil society, leading to genetic syndromes, depression, and imbalanced ABO blood types and STR frequencies. Analyzing dermatoglyphics in regions with prevalent consanguineous marriages can establish a correlation with ABO frequency. Consanguineous marriages complicate forensic DNA analysis due to reduced genetic diversity. Inbreeding within a closed, small population tends to accelerate the loss of genetic diversity and decrease the heterozygosity of genes, ultimately leading to complete homozygosity, fixation of rare alleles, and potential misidentification in inbred populations. Forensic investigations require careful consideration of population structure. Short Tandem Repeat (STR) profiling is effective but should be complemented with population-specific databases, additional genetic markers, and advanced statistical methods to address the effects of inbreeding. Understanding the genetic nuances in inbred populations can enhance the accuracy and reliability of DNA profiling.

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