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image of Synergistic Anti-Inflammatory, Antidiabetic, and Hemolytic Effects of Essential Oil of Eryngium triquetrum and its Falcarinol-Rich Fraction in Comparison with Reference Compounds

Abstract

Introduction

(Apiaceae) is a medicinal plant traditionally used for its diuretic and anti-inflammatory properties. Despite its ethnopharmacological relevance, the anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and hemolytic activities of its essential oil and falcarinol-rich fraction (FRF) remain poorly explored. This study aimed to characterize the chemical constituents of the essential oil extracted from the aerial parts of and to evaluate its anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and hemolytic properties, along with those of its falcarinol-rich fraction (FRF). Synergistic interactions with standard reference drugs were also assessed.

Methods

The essential oil and FRF were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Anti-inflammatory activity was determined using the albumin denaturation assay, antidiabetic potential α-amylase inhibition, and hemolytic activity using human erythrocytes. Combinations with diclofenac and acarbose were also tested.

Results

Falcarinol was the major component in the essential oil (28.9%) and FRF (89.3%). FRF exhibited stronger anti-inflammatory (IC = 48.1 µg/mL) and antidiabetic (IC = 23.37 µg/mL) activities than the essential oil. Synergistic combinations with diclofenac and acarbose significantly improved efficacy (IC = 17.1 and 16.7 µg/mL, respectively). Hemolytic effects were minimal at active doses.

Discussion

The pronounced bioactivities are mainly attributed to falcarinol. Its synergistic action with reference drugs reinforces its therapeutic interest.

Conclusion

essential oil and its FRF represent promising natural agents for managing inflammation and type 2 diabetes. Further and clinical investigations are required to support their medical application.

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2025-05-26
2025-10-31

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Synergistic Anti-Inflammatory, Antidiabetic, and Hemolytic Effects of Essential Oil of Eryngium triquetrum and its Falcarinol-Rich Fraction in Comparison with Reference Compounds
Bentham Science Publishers ; https://doi.org/10.2174/0122127968382950250517155021
/content/journals/ccb/10.2174/0122127968382950250517155021
/content/journals/ccb/10.2174/0122127968382950250517155021
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  • Article Type:     Research Article
Keywords: combination ; biological activities ; synergistic effects ; Apiaceae ; essential oils ; falcarinol

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