Extract of Moringa concanensis Nimmo Leaves Ameliorates Hyperglycemia and Oxidative Stress, and Improves β-cell Function in Alloxan Monohydrate Induced Diabetic Rats

Background: The ethanomedicinal importance of Moringa concanensis Nimmo plant is reflected in the Ayurvedic and traditional system of medicine. It has vast usage in Ayurvedic preparation and diabetes management. Aims of the Study: The research was centered on bringing out the hyperglycemic capabilities of Moringa concanensis Nimmo leaves, and their ethanolic extract (PE) on alloxan monohydrate (AXM) induced diabetic rat model. Materials and Methods: Wistar rats were made diabetic by AXM and treated with PE (200 mg/kg body weight) and glibenclamide as the standard drug. All essential parameters like fasting blood glucose (FBS), post-prandial blood glucose (PPBS), AST, ALT, ALP, ACP, LDH, and oxidative stress markers were measured. Also, to observe β-cells structures, histology of the pancreas was studied. Results: The non-toxicity of PE dose was confirmed by an acute toxicity study. This study model helped determine the anti-hyperglycemic effects of PE by decreasing FBS and PPBS levels in diabetic rats. It also enhanced oxidative stress by decreasing MDA levels and elevating the GSH and SOD. The histopathological analysis helped us study the structural decay of β-cells of pancreatic tissues in diabetic rats. PE potential was confirmed by serum enzymes AST, ALT, ALP, ACP, and LDH as it showed a significant decrease in diabetic rats. Conclusion: It was confirmed from the data that PE is efficient in the governance and control of diabetes. Therefore, there is a need to work at the molecular level to utilize its potential for the benefit of society.