Structural Features of Small Molecule Amyloid-Beta Self-Assembly Inhibitors

The role of various structural features, namely basic scaffolds and substituents of small molecule inhibitors of the self-assembly of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide, a key process in Alzheimer's disease, is described. The literature analysis in this update extends to the past 5 years, thus the past 15 year period is covered. In addition, while our previous review was limited to anti-fibril agents the current update includes compounds with a major profile in oligomer inhibition as well, and covers inhibitors of the broadly defined Aβ self-assembly. Basis sets of 507 fibrillogenesis inhibitors and 154 oligomer formation inhibitors were surveyed and a chemical map of the inhibitors is provided highlighting the most common substituents that appear in these compounds.