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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder affecting reproductive-aged women worldwide, characterized by heterogeneous clinical manifestations and diagnostic challenges. The integration of nanotechnology with diagnostic medicine has paved the way for innovative approaches aimed at improving the early detection and monitoring of PCOS. This review provides a comprehensive overview of nanotechnology-based diagnostic strategies for PCOS, highlighting their principles, advantages, challenges, and clinical applications. Nanoparticle-based biomarkers, nanostructured sensors, molecular imaging techniques, and lab-on-chip devices are among the key nanodiagnostic approaches discussed. The review also addresses the potential implications of nanotechnology in personalized medicine and the translation of these innovative diagnostic tools into clinical practice. Through a critical examination of recent advancements and future prospects, this review underscores the transformative potential of nanotechnology in revolutionizing the diagnosis and management of PCOS.
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