Effects of Senna didymobotrya Root Extract and Compounds on Tritoninduced Hyperlipidaemic Rats and Differentiation of 3T3-Li Preadipocytes

The lipid lowering effects of Senna didymobotrya (Leguminoceae) root extract (250 mg/kg) and pure isolates (100 mg/kg) were investigated for hypolipidemic activity on Triton-induced hyperlipidemic rats (in-vivo). The extracts and isolates showed significant (p≤0.01) reduction in serum lipid contents, and reactivation of the lipolytic enzymes, relative to the Triton-treated group. Ethyl acetate extract exhibited the highest lipid lowering (p≤0.01) compared to other fractions. Seven anthraquinones, obtusifolin (1), 1,6-di-O-methylemodin (2), nataloemodin-8-methyl ether (3), chrysophanol (4), physcion (5), chrysophanol-10,10'-bianthrone (6), physcion-10,10'-bianthrone (7) and stigmasterol (8) were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract. Compounds 3, 5 and 7 displayed significant (p≤0.01) lipid lowering effects. The hypolipidaemic activities prompted the determination of inhibition of differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes into adipocytes by the compounds 3, 5 and 7. Only compound 7 exhibited potent anti-adipogenic activity without significant cytotoxicity. The result indicated that extracts of S. didymobotrya root extract can provide good antidyslipidaemic and adipocytes maturation inhibitors.