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2000
Volume 4, Issue 1
  • ISSN: 2950-5704
  • E-ISSN: 2950-5712

Abstract

Background

Acetaminophen overdose is a leading cause of acute liver failure globally. Current treatment options, primarily N-acetylcysteine (NAC), have limitations. Mito-TEMPO (Mito-T), a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, has shown potential in preclinical studies. This systematic review evaluated the evidence for Mito-T's hepatoprotective effects against acetaminophen-induced liver injury.

Methods

We conducted a comprehensive search of databases and grey literature following PRISMA guidelines. Studies published between 2000 and 2023 on Mito-T and acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in animal models were included. Data on study characteristics, interventions, outcomes, and risk of bias were extracted.

Results

Six high-quality studies were included. Mito-T administration significantly reduced serum alanine transaminase (ALT) levels, a marker of liver injury, compared to controls. Mito-T also protects against hepatocellular necrosis, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction. These effects were likely mediated by Mito-T's ability to scavenge reactive oxygen and nitrogen species within mitochondria.

Conclusion

This review provides strong evidence that Mito-T effectively protects against acetaminophen-induced liver injury in animal models. Mito-T’s mechanisms of action address a critical pathophysiological pathway in acetaminophen toxicity. While limitations, including the use of animal models and potential for publication bias, exist, the findings suggest Mito-T holds promise as a novel therapeutic option. Further studies are needed to assess Mito-T's safety, pharmacokinetics, and optimal dosing in humans. Clinical trials comparing Mito-T against NAC are warranted if toxicity profiles are favorable. Additionally, investigating Mito-T's potential in other diseases involving oxidative stress is crucial.

© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers
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The Protective Effects of Mito-TEMPO on Acetaminophen-induced Hepatotoxicity: A Systematic Review
J. Curr. Toxicol. Venomics 4, E26661217306815 (2024); https://doi.org/10.2174/0126661217306815240723070112
/content/journals/jctv/10.2174/0126661217306815240723070112
/content/journals/jctv/10.2174/0126661217306815240723070112
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  • Article Type:     Review Article
Keyword(s): Acetaminophen; antioxidants; hepatotoxicity; mito-TEMPO; mitochondria; oxidative stress; systematic review

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