Recent Patents on Engineering - Volume 19, Issue 5, 2025

To improve the accuracy of Chinese word splitting.

With the development of Internet technology, people want to get some effective medical information from the Internet, but there are still technical difficulties for non-specialists. At the same time, the level of medical construction can not keep up with the demand of patients for medical treatment, the phenomenon of doctor-patient conflicts has not been fundamentally solved, and the problem of difficult consultation prevails. With the arrival of the era of big data and artificial intelligence, medical Q&A has been applied.

In order to meet the user's need to get the correct answer as soon as possible, medical Q&A needs to have high execution efficiency. The accuracy of Chinese participle directly affects the execution efficiency of Q&A. Improving the accuracy of Chinese participle can fundamentally improve the accuracy of medical Q&A and shorten the answering time.

Improvement of the Chinese Segmentation Algorithm based on BI-LSTM-CRF using natural language processing technology. Based on the same medical Q&A dataset, the medical Q&A is trained and tested under three commonly used segmentation algorithms and the segmentation algorithm designed in this paper.

The experiments show that the Chinese Segmentation Algorithm studied in this paper improves the accuracy of medical Q&A and can improve the execution efficiency of medical Q&A.

Based on the calculation and matching process of the same similar answers, different word-splitting methods directly affect the effect of medical Q&A in the later stage. The better the effect of segmentation, the higher the accuracy of the correct answers in medical Q&A. The improved LSTM-CRF split word accuracy designed in this paper achieves a good split word effect in the training process. Compared with the HMM segmentation algorithm, which has the best segmentation performance among the other three algorithms, the segmentation accuracy is improved, and the accuracy of the Q&A that delivers the correct answers is relatively high. Despite the improved accuracy in segmenting the medical dataset, the time complexity did not decrease much. The LSTM-CRF combined network segmentation algorithm designed in this patent paper performs better in medical Q&A compared to other commonly used segmentation algorithms in terms of subject operating characteristics and larger regions surrounded by coordinate axes.

With the development of automation technology, various actuators are widely used in fields such as robotics and biomedical equipment. However, traditional mechanical actuators have some problems, such as poor movement flexibility and insufficient movement flexibility, because of the characteristics of the mechanical structure. As a new driving mode, artificial muscle actuators can provide enough power and speed while remaining light and flexible, making them highly adaptable in various applications. As a result, artificial muscle actuators are gaining increasing attention.

The purpose of this study is to give an overview of the patents related to artificial muscle actuators and introduce their principles, classifications, latest progress, and future development.

This patent paper reviews the current representative patents related to artificial muscle actuators, such as fluid pressure artificial muscle actuators, thermal deformation artificial muscle actuators, and electrical deformation artificial muscle actuators.

By investigating various patents of artificial muscle actuators, the main problems of artificial muscle actuators are summarized and analyzed, such as low energy efficiency and lack of self-learning ability. In addition, the development trend of artificial muscle actuators is also discussed.

The optimization of artificial muscle actuators is beneficial to make the output of artificial mechanical devices more stable and more convenient for human-machine combinations. More related patents will be invented in the future.

With the increasing arithmetic power of computers, computer-based numerical simulation provides a more advantageous method for building wave tanks.

By introducing the principles of numerical wave tanks and analyzing the latest progress in numerical wave tank research, we consider the future direction of numerical wave tanks and propose the feasibility of future development for the readers' reference.

This paper systematically describes the history of the development of numerical wave tanks. It summarizes the current development and research status of numerical wave tanks by analyzing the current literature and patents on their study to pave the way for the subsequent discussion and outlook on critical technologies.

Through the research and analysis of numerical wave tanks, the current research status of critical technologies of numerical wave tanks is summarized to derive the key technologies applied to establish numerical wave tanks, discuss each key technology, and look forward to the direction of future development of numerical tanks.

Finally, based on analyzing and comparing the current situation and critical technologies of numerical tanks, the future development trend of numerical wave tanks is predicted, and it is believed that numerical wave tanks will also have more efficient performance with the development of computer arithmetic power.

With the advent and rapid development of 5G technology, many electronic products have been developed in the miniaturized direction. However, excessive operating temperature generated by these electronic products in a small space results in serious runaway problems, such as battery failure and dead equipment. To solve the heat dissipation problem of small electronic products, ultra-thin vapour chambers are widely used in the heat dissipation field of these electronic products due to the characteristic of rapid heat conduction and thermal expansion. Therefore, optimizing the performance of ultra-thin vapour chambers is critical. Over the years, optimizing the performance of ultra-thin vapour chambers has piqued the industry's interest.

This study aimed at exploring the structural features, optimization method, and development status of the ultra-thin vapour chambers.

This patent study reviews various representative patents related to ultra-thin vapour chambers and discusses the problems existing in the process of achieving ultra-thinning to provide a reference for designers of ultra-thin vapour chambers in the future.

Through the investigation of a large number of patents on ultra-thin vapour chamber, some existing problems are summarized and analyzed. Finally, the future trend of ultra-thin vapour chambers is discussed.

The optimization of ultra-thin vapour chambers benefits the heat dissipation of small electronic products and improves product safety. More related patents will be published in the future.

The application of electric vehicles in daily life is becoming increasingly widespread. However, the heat dissipation issues of the electric motors directly impact electric vehicles' stability and safety. Thus, research on the heat dissipation of the electric motor is conducive to improving the reliability of the drive motor and ensuring the overall stability and safety of electric vehicles; there is a growing emphasis on the development trends of heat dissipation technologies for electric vehicle drive motors.

In order to meet the increasing requirements of electric vehicles for stability and safety and to solve the problems of low heat dissipation efficiency of electric vehicle drive motors, the size of heat dissipation devices, and the short life span caused by the high temperature of drive motors, the heat dissipation of drive motors is optimized and the heat dissipation structure is improved.

Based on the structural characteristics of heat dissipation of electric vehicle drive motors, various representative patents related to the current heat dissipation technology of electric vehicle drive motors are summarized.

By summarizing a large number of patents on electric vehicle drive motor heat dissipation technology, it is concluded that the current research on electric vehicle drive motor heat dissipation mainly focuses on liquid heat dissipation or gas heat dissipation and that the main reason for the heat dissipation problem of electric vehicle drive motors is the low heat dissipation efficiency due to over-reliance on a single heat dissipation method, and the reliability is poor due to failure to reasonably control heat dissipation according to the need for heat dissipation. This paper proposes a new idea of heat dissipation for electric vehicle drive motors, which effectively combines liquid heat dissipation and gas heat dissipation. Moreover, the heat dissipation efficiency will be significantly higher than the existing heat dissipation scheme, and the proposed heat dissipation concept of “on-demand distribution” will effectively improve the utilization rate of the heat dissipation medium and reduce the heat dissipation cost and the reasonable heat dissipation structure will reduce the volume of the heat dissipation device. The reasonable heat dissipation structure will also reduce the volume of the heat dissipation device. In addition, the future development of heat dissipation technology for electric vehicle drive motors is also discussed.

The heat dissipation scheme proposed in this paper will effectively improve the heat dissipation problem of electric vehicle drive motors. Compared with the existing heat dissipation methods, the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation scheme proposed in this paper will be improved by more than 8.5%, and the service life of the drive motor will be extended by more than 5.1%, while the size of the electric vehicle drive motor will be reduced by 6%. More related patents will be invented in the future.

China is rich in mineral resources with a complete range of types. Currently, 163 kinds of minerals have been found, and 149 kinds of minerals with Proven reserves, including 7 kinds of energy minerals, 54 kinds of metal minerals, and 86 kinds of non-metallic minerals. Ore particles can undergo various collisions during mining and transportation.

Because particle collision behavior can greatly affect particle size and particle properties during the final application, it can also lead to the generation of a large amount of dust during processing and transportation, seriously affecting environmental quality. Therefore, exploring the collision performance of particle collisions is very important.

The patent of test bench can compensate for the shortcomings of existing particle collision measurement technologies, by measuring the motion trajectory after collision between particles, as well as the collision force between particles and metal plates, as well as the motion trajectory after collision.

The test bench has the advantages of a simple structure, a small footprint, diverse functions, and stable operation.

This test bench can be used for measuring the collision force and post-collision motion trajectory of block particles and has broad practicality and strong innovation.

Ultrasonic Lamb waves can achieve long-range inspection on plate-like structures and can even detect unreachable cracks and defects. There are multiple modes under a certain generation frequency with most of them dispersive.

The dispersion curves of Lamb wave in a steel plate were given by numerical calculation. A 2-D finite element (FE) model of a steel plate was promoted. The fundamental symmetric and anti-symmetric Lamb waves were generated by uploading symmetrical and anti-symmetrical displacements on one side of the plane. The wave reflects when it comes across the defect and the edge of the plate. Mode conversion will occur after the asymmetrical discontinuities of the structure.

The theoretical and numerical results of the values of group velocities of S0 and A0 in a steel plate show well agreement. The maximum amplitude of the converted A0 wave from the interaction of the incident S0 wave with the cracks was observed. The amplitude will first rise then fall under any depth of the defects. The relationship between the defect reflection and the length as well as the depth of defects were simulated based on the FE model. Phase reversion and phase delay were discovered by controlling the defect size changing in one dimension. The reflection coefficient increases linearly with the defect length while the depth is constant, as well as the defect depth while the length is constant.

Experiments on steel plates with artificial defects including thorough holes and tapered holes were carried out using ISONICA STAR. The results also show that when the defect size changes in one dimension such as the thorough holes, the reflection coefficient increases linearly correspondingly. However, the testing results of the taper holes were inconsistent with the regulation as the size increases in both the length and the depth.

A frequency control strategy is proposed based on additional virtual synchronous generator technology for voltage source converter-based multi-terminal high voltage direct current systems with wind power.

This strategy addresses the system's inertia reduction and frequency stability issues caused by integrating large amounts of wind power through multi-terminal DC transmission. Firstly, the virtual synchronous generator mathematical model is constructed based on the system structure. Secondly, for the problem of zero rotational inertia of voltage source converter in a flexible DC transmission system, based on the P-U droop control method of the converter station, additional virtual synchronous control generation technology is applied to simulate the P-f droop characteristics of the synchronous generator by adding virtual rotational inertia, so that the converter has the inertial response of synchronous generator to realize primary frequency regulation.

Finally, the simulation is verified on the PSCAD/ EMTDC platform with an example of a three-terminal parallel MTDC transmission system.

The analyzed results demonstrate that the virtual synchronous generator control strategy is very valuable and useful for improving the frequency performance of the system.

In previous developments of permanent magnet synchronous motor tests, physical experiments provided results closest to actual working conditions. However, these experiments had long development cycles, increased costs, poor repeatability, and potential risks of damage to equipment and casualties if not handled carefully. The introduction of hardware-in-the-loop real-time simulation technology has effectively addressed these challenges in motor testing development. Therefore, the development of hardware-in-the-loop simulation technology holds significant importance.

The existing real-time simulation platforms summarize specific examples of the current use of real-time simulation, and classify the hardware-in-the-loop simulation of permanent magnet synchronous motors to predict its development trend.

The study analyzes the characteristics of existing real-time simulation platforms and their suitability for different environments. It also examines the modeling methods and real-time simulation techniques for permanent magnet synchronous motors under various circumstances, assessing their feasibility and accuracy, control strategies for permanent magnet synchronous motors are compared and expounds and compares the latest patented technologies.

The hardware-in-the-loop simulation system of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is analyzed and compared, and its typical features are summarized. Additionally, the problems in the hardware-in-the-loop simulation system are analyzed, and the future development trend is discussed.

Compared to the simulation results of actual motors, the results obtained from hardware-in-the-loop simulation are highly accurate. The utilization of hardware-in-the-loop simulation platforms can effectively decrease development costs, shorten the research and development cycle, and minimize the risks associated with experiments in specific cases when testing permanent magnet synchronous motor systems. Additionally, it enhances the reproducibility of experiments.

With an increase in urbanization, there is a persistent demand for prefabricated pipe pile connections, which play a crucial part in construction projects. In many engineering projects that use pipe piles, poor welding quality leads to problems like cracks, deformation, and detachment of pipe pile joints that affect the safety and stability of the project. Therefore, mechanical joints have gradually been applied in engineering projects, and exhibit a promising potential in connecting prefabricated pipe piles.

The objective of this study was to present a comprehensive description of the classification, structural characteristics, and application of mechanical connection devices for precast pipe piles in recent years.

In this patent study, we conducted a review of the patents related to precast pipe pile mechanical connection devices and presented the advantages of different joints. Further, we introduced the structural features, differences, and applications of precast pipe pile mechanical connection devices.

This study analyzed and compared the different types of mechanical connection devices and summarized their typical characteristics, including connection form, connection quality, construction efficiency, and cost. The main problems existing in the development of precast pipe pile mechanical connection devices were assessed. Subsequently, the development trend of precast pipe pile mechanical connection devices was forecasted, and the research status and future development trend of precast pipe pile mechanical connection devices were discussed.

From the present study, it was found that the mechanical connection of the prefabricated pipe piles can be classified into two categories based on the joint connection range: end integral connection and steel bar connection. The end integral connection device has a large connection area, good connection solidity, and can withstand large loads, which is suitable for large bridges, tunnels, and other projects. However, for small and medium-sized engineering applications, the steel-type connection device is simple, easy to use, and has a wide range of applications that can be adapted to different geological conditions and load requirements. Currently, the application of prefabricated pipe pile mechanical connections is not widespread, both domestically and internationally. Thus, there is a need for future development in the prefabricated pipe pile mechanical connections in terms of material innovation, automation, intelligence, and sustainability.

In recent years, with the development of the Internet of Vehicles, a variety of novel in-vehicle application devices have surfaced, exhibiting increasingly stringent requirements for time delay. Vehicular edge networks (VEN) can fully use network edge devices, such as roadside units (RSUs), for collaborative processing, which can effectively reduce latency.

Most extant studies, including patents, assume that RSU has sufficient computing resources to provide unlimited services. But in fact, its computing resources will be limited with the increase in processing tasks, which will restrict the delay-sensitive vehicular applications. To solve this problem, a vehicle-to-vehicle computing task offloading method based on deep reinforcement learning is proposed in this paper, which fully considers the remaining available computational resources of neighboring vehicles to minimize the total task processing latency and enhance the offloading success rate.

In the multi-service vehicle scenario, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was first used to prioritize the computing tasks of user vehicles. Next, an improved sequence-to-sequence (Seq2Seq) computing task scheduling model combined with an attention mechanism was designed, and the model was trained by an actor-critic (AC) reinforcement learning algorithm with the optimization goal of reducing the processing delay of computing tasks and improving the success rate of offloading. A task offloading strategy optimization model based on AHP-AC was obtained on this basis.

The average latency and execution success rate are used as performance metrics to compare the proposed method with three other task offloading methods: Only-local processing, greedy strategy-based algorithm, and random algorithm. In addition, experimental validation in terms of CPU frequency and the number of SVs is carried out to demonstrate the excellent generalization ability of the proposed method.

The simulation results reveal that the proposed method outperforms other methods in reducing the processing delay of tasks and improving the success rate of task offloading, which solves the problem of limited execution of delay-sensitive tasks caused by insufficient computational resources.

Forest fires have been a major hazard to forest management, needing sophisticated monitoring and management techniques. By creating an embedded intelligent video analysis system, this research proposed a complete strategy for addressing this difficulty.

The system's hardware architecture was explained, and the operating system software was detailed, using a software and hardware design based on the ZynqSoC. At the same time, an emphasis on forest fire prevention applications was maintained. Furthermore, the study investigated a unique technique for forest fire detection using Arduino as a field data collector and a fuzzy logic algorithm to improve accuracy.

The proposed IoT-Fog-Cloud collaboration infrastructure offered a patented contribution to real-time wildfire monitoring, prediction, and forecasting. The framework achieved excellent accuracy in determining wildfire proneness levels and real-time alert production by utilizing fuzzy K-nearest-neighbor classification and Holt-Winter's forecasting model.

The findings demonstrated the integrated system's ability to reduce the impact of wildfires, serving as a significant reference for future forest fire prevention scenarios.