Analytical Methods for Determination of CO and CO2 and their Applicability in Biological Studies

Although there are many different methods for measuring the carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide content under biological conditions, not all of them are appropriate for detecting the very low concentrations. This review discusses the principles of the most commonly used methods for the detection and quantitative determination of these species, as well as the advantages and limitations of the methods described. The considered analytical methods are discussed in relation to their accuracy, precision and sensitivity together with the extent to which any interference can occur. The described methods for measuring carbon monoxide content under biological conditions fall into six main groups, while in the case of the quantitative determination of carbon dioxide the use of ten techniques is discussed.