s Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate (Plaquenil): A Possible Candidate for Pandemic SARS-CoV-2 or (COVID-19) ?

Hydroxychloroquine is a chloroquine derivative recognized for treating ‘SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19’, among its other uses. It is one of the key drugs used for the treatment of malaria and other respiratory diseases. The drug exhibits multiple pharmacological activities such as antimalarial, antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-HIV, antifungal, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities. The coronavirus has recently shown five mutations or genetic change in its structure due to change in the climatic condition (i.e. R 207C (nsp 2-27) – Wuhan (China), V 378 I (nsp 2- 198) – Italy, M 2796I (nsp 4- 33) – Iran, L 3606F (nsp 6- 37)-America and V 9082F (ORF 7a- 74) – Kuwait). There are many preclinical, clinical, theoretical, and experimental evidences that support the effectiveness of HCQ and CQ on patients affected by COVID-19. Based on the evidence currently underway and future research, we will be able to provide better analysis of the role of HCQ and CQ in the COVID-19 transition. It displays several activities related to the respiratory system, and numerous studies have suggested that the compound may be beneficial in protection against diseases such as malaria and lupus erythematosus. The present review represents the role and use of HCQ in the COVID-19 disease. The object of this review study is based on the research evidence obtained from different authentic sources. It is currently used in the study of HCQ and CQ for the treatment of coronavirus and various other infections.