Nanoparticulate Carrier Mediated Intranasal Delivery of Insulin for the Restoration of Memory Signaling in Alzheimer's Disease

The present study was aimed to determine the therapeutic potential of novel carriers to deliver insulin into brain, by passing the BBB. PLGA nanoparticles and PEGylated PLGA nanoparticles were prepared by double emulsification method. PEG-PLGA copolymer was synthesized and characterized by FTIR, NMR and Mass spectroscopies. The release profiles of drug in various formulations were studied in PBS (pH 7.4). Results showed more sustained release of drug with Tween-80 based formulation in comparison with Tween-20 and PVA based formulations. A more sustained and extended release was observed upon chitosan coating of PEG-PLGA nanoparticles. Blood glucose level monitoring suggested that glucose level was not decreased significally in the peripheral region (p>0.05), when chitosan coated insulin loaded PEGylated nanoparticle was administered by intranasal route. This outcome in particular along with expected mucoadhesive and targeted benefit associated with chitosan based formulation drove us to conclude this formulation to be working best for the undertaken brain delivery issue.