An Active and Low-cost Microwave Imaging System for Detection of Breast Cancer Using Back Scattered Signal

A defected ground antenna with dielectric reflector is designed and investigated for breast tumour diagnosis. Ultra-wide band resonance (3.1 to 10.6 GHz) is achieved by etching two slots and adding a narrow vertical strip in a patch antenna. A high dielectric constant substrate is added below the antenna, which shows remarkable effect on performance. Antenna performance is verified experimentally on an artificially fabricated breast tissue and tumour. Malignant tissue has different dielectric properties than the normal tissue which causes deviation in the scattered antenna power. Average value of backscattered signal variation and ground penetrating radar (GPR) algorithm is used to localize the tumour of radius 4mm in breast tissue.