oa Editorial

This issue has a variety of clinical applications of high intensity focused ultrasound, multi-scale statistical shape model analysis, ambient lighting in the reading room, training children to reduce motion for MRI as well as imaging findings of gastric cancer, hepatic tumors and renal artery aneurysm. Qian believes that there are several problems in clinical applications of the high intensity focused ultrasound, and presents detailed analysis on these problems related to heat dosage, temperature monitoring, working mode and aiming of the focused region and possible solutions. Mofrad et al. propose a novel wavelet based multi-scale statistical shape model-analysis for more accurate and robust hepatic discrimination. They discuss the outcomes of the current approach, clarify their achievements and conclude the remaining works and future trends. Optimizing image observation and interpretation is a multifactorial process and requires consideration of complex parameters. Brennan et al. discuss the physiology of vision and its impact on image interpretation as well as issue of ambient lighting in the reading room. There are a number of difficulties in imaging children. Woods-Frohlich et al. outline interventions that can be used to prepare children for MRI and to limit their motion during medical imaging procedures. Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Ishigami et al. present a pictorial review of various unusual metastatic lesions from gastric cancer. Focal hepatic lesions are common and are broadly classified as benign and malignant. Mulla and Singh also present a pictorial review of some of the common focal hepatic lesions and their characteristic features on US, CT and MRI scans. Extrahepatic collaterals are frequently seen in patients receiving transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). Finding and properly embolizing these collaterals are very important for tumor control. Tsai et al. report a case demonstrating decreased extrahepatic collaterals in hepatoma by using sorafenib which may have a synergistic effect with TACE. The detection of renal artery aneurysm has increased, and endovascular therapy has emerged as a viable treatment option. Fitzpatrick et al. describe the CT and angiographic findings of a large ruptured renal artery aneurysm and its successful endovascular treatment with stent-grafts.