Skip to content
2000
Volume 21, Issue 1
  • ISSN: 1573-4056
  • E-ISSN: 1875-6603
file format pdf download PDF
file format text download EPUB
side by side viewer icon HTML

Abstract

Background

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disorder primarily characterized by joint degradation, with consequential cardiovascular ramifications significantly impacting patient mortality rates.

Methods

We systematically searched for full-text English-language journal articles from 1973 to 2025 in the PubMed and Web of Science databases. Utilizing keywords such as “Rheumatoid Arthritis,” “Autoimmune Diseases,” “Pathophysiology,” “Heart,” “Cardiac,” and “Echocardiography” to narrow the search results. Articles related to the evaluation of heart diseases in rheumatoid arthritis by echocardiography were included, while those with insufficient data or low data quality were excluded. Study quality was assessed using the CASP Quantitative Checklist (2018 version), and data were synthesized through thematic content analysis.

Results

We included 52 studies in this review after the primary analysis. The results show that traditional echocardiography can identify organic changes in the heart and ventricular function impairment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. New ultrasound techniques, such as speckle tracking and pressure-strain loops, can detect ventricular function impairment earlier than traditional echocardiography.

Discussion

Echocardiography provides complementary diagnostic information for rheumatoid arthritis cardiac involvement through structural and functional assessment, yet limitations remain. Future work should establish multimodal ultrasound frameworks and develop AI-driven analytical platforms to enhance early detection and precision management.

Conclusion

The continuous progress of ultrasound technology has significantly improved the accuracy of assessing cardiac damage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and it has become an essential examination method for screening heart diseases in such patients, providing strong support for early diagnosis.

2025 © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Bentham Science Publisher.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/cmir/10.2174/0115734056375528250701165335
2025-07-11
2025-09-06

  • From This Site

    /content/journals/cmir/10.2174/0115734056375528250701165335
    dcterms_title,dcterms_subject,pub_keyword
    -contentType:Contributor -contentType:Concept -contentType:Institution
    10
    5
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/cmir/21/1/CMIR-21-E15734056375528.html?itemId=/content/journals/cmir/10.2174/0115734056375528250701165335&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. WuF. GaoJ. KangJ. WangX. NiuQ. LiuJ. ZhangL. B cells in rheumatoid arthritis: Pathogenic mechanisms and treatment prospects.Front. Immunol.20211275075310.3389/fimmu.2021.75075334650569
     [Google Scholar]
  2. KimHW HanM JungI AhnSS New-onset atrial fibrillation in seropositive rheumatoid arthritis: Association with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs treatment.Rheumatology2023
     [Google Scholar]
  3. NicolaP.J. CrowsonC.S. Maradit-KremersH. BallmanK.V. RogerV.L. JacobsenS.J. GabrielS.E. Contribution of congestive heart failure and ischemic heart disease to excess mortality in rheumatoid arthritis.Arthritis Rheum.2006541606710.1002/art.2156016385496
     [Google Scholar]
  4. SolomonD.H. GoodsonN.J. KatzJ.N. WeinblattM.E. AvornJ. SetoguchiS. CanningC. SchneeweissS. Patterns of cardiovascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis.Ann. Rheum. Dis.200665121608161210.1136/ard.2005.05037716793844
     [Google Scholar]
  5. ParkE. GriffinJ. BathonJ.M. Myocardial dysfunction and heart failure in rheumatoid arthritis.Arthritis Rheumatol.202274218419910.1002/art.4197934523821
     [Google Scholar]
  6. TurielM. PerettiR. MornatiD. DelfinoL. AtzeniF. SarziputtiniP. The role of echocardiographic techniques in connective tissue diseases.Autoimmun. Rev.20054317117710.1016/j.autrev.2004.08.03615823503
     [Google Scholar]
  7. EnglandB.R. ThieleG.M. AndersonD.R. MikulsT.R. Increased cardiovascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis: mechanisms and implications.BMJ2018361k103610.1136/bmj.k103629685876
     [Google Scholar]
  8. QuisiA. AlmadhounH. AlıcıG. GençÖ. ŞekerT. Kurtİ.H. The relationship between serum rheumatoid factor level and SYNTAX score I in patients with acute myocardial infarction.Arch. Turk. Soc. Cardiol.202149866667410.5543/tkda.2021.2245734881705
     [Google Scholar]
  9. HannawiS. HannawiH. AlokailyF. NaredoE. MollerI. SalmiI.A. Recent-onset of rheumatoid arthritis leads to increase in wall thickness of left anterior descending coronary artery.Saudi Med. J.201839121213121710.15537/smj.2018.12.2318530520503
     [Google Scholar]
  10. LibbyP. Role of inflammation in atherosclerosis associated with rheumatoid arthritis.Am. J. Med.200812110Suppl. 1S21S3110.1016/j.amjmed.2008.06.01418926166
     [Google Scholar]
  11. JangS. KwonE.J. LeeJ.J. Rheumatoid arthritis: Pathogenic roles of diverse immune cells.Int J Mol Sci2022Jan 1423290510.3390/ijms23020905
     [Google Scholar]
  12. WangL. ZhangY. ZhangS.Y. Immunotherapy for the rheumatoid arthritis-associated coronary artery disease: Promise and future.Chin. Med. J.2019132242972298310.1097/CM9.000000000000053031855971
     [Google Scholar]
  13. MyasoedovaE. KurmannR.D. AchenbachS.J. WrightK. ArmentC.A. DunlayS.M. DavisJ.M.III CrowsonC.S. Trends in incidence of chronic heart failure in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A population-based study validating different heart failure definitions.J. Rheumatol.202350788188810.3899/jrheum.22117036921969
     [Google Scholar]
  14. PaulusW.J. TschöpeC. A novel paradigm for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: Comorbidities drive myocardial dysfunction and remodeling through coronary microvascular endothelial inflammation.J. Am. Coll. Cardiol.201362426327110.1016/j.jacc.2013.02.09223684677
     [Google Scholar]
  15. LimS.L. LamC.S.P. SegersV.F.M. BrutsaertD.L. De KeulenaerG.W. Cardiac endothelium–myocyte interaction: Clinical opportunities for new heart failure therapies regardless of ejection fraction.Eur. Heart J.201536312050206010.1093/eurheartj/ehv13225911648
     [Google Scholar]
  16. FerraccioliG. TolussoB. Infections, B cell receptor activation and autoimmunity: Different check-point impairments lead to autoimmunity, clonal B cell expansion and fibrosis in different immunological settings.Autoimmun. Rev.20077210911310.1016/j.autrev.2007.02.01318035319
     [Google Scholar]
  17. KimG.H. ParkY.J. Accelerated diastolic dysfunction in premenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis.Arthritis Res. Ther.202123124710.1186/s13075‑021‑02629‑134560895
     [Google Scholar]
  18. HarunaY. MoritaY. KomaiN. YadaT. SakutaT. TomitaN. FoxD.A. KashiharaN. Endothelial dysfunction in rat adjuvant‐induced arthritis: Vascular superoxide production by NAD(P)H oxidase and uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase.Arthritis Rheum.20065461847185510.1002/art.2189116729278
     [Google Scholar]
  19. RiehleC. BauersachsJ. Key inflammatory mechanisms underlying heart failure.Herz20194429610610.1007/s00059‑019‑4785‑830715565
     [Google Scholar]
  20. ChenJ. NorlingL.V. CooperD. Cardiac dysfunction in rheumatoid arthritis: The role of inflammation.Cells202110488110.3390/cells1004088133924323
     [Google Scholar]
  21. ParkE. ItoK. DependerC. GilesJ.T. BathonJ. Left ventricular remodeling in rheumatoid arthritis patients without clinical heart failure.Arthritis Res. Ther.202325112410.1186/s13075‑023‑03113‑837480064
     [Google Scholar]
  22. ChenH.K. ShaoS.C. WengM.Y. LinS.J. HungM.J. ChanY.Y. LaiE.C.C. Risk of heart failure in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with tumor necrosis factor‐α inhibitors.Clin. Pharmacol. Ther.202111061595160310.1002/cpt.241534496051
     [Google Scholar]
  23. ZhangY. TangL. ZhangK. MengX. LiuT. ChenY. HuangX. Causal association between common rheumatic diseases and arrhythmia: A Mendelian randomization study.Front. Cardiovasc. Med.202411141946610.3389/fcvm.2024.141946639411172
     [Google Scholar]
  24. UngprasertP. SrivaliN. KittanamongkolchaiW. Risk of incident atrial fibrillation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis.Int. J. Rheum. Dis.201720443444110.1111/1756‑185X.1282026692475
     [Google Scholar]
  25. MoritaN. MandelW.J. KobayashiY. KaragueuzianH.S. Cardiac fibrosis as a determinant of ventricular tachyarrhythmias.J. Arrhythm.201430638939410.1016/j.joa.2013.12.00825642299
     [Google Scholar]
  26. SawayaS.E. RajawatY.S. RamiT.G. SzalaiG. PriceR.L. SivasubramanianN. MannD.L. KhouryD.S. Downregulation of connexin40 and increased prevalence of atrial arrhythmias in transgenic mice with cardiac-restricted overexpression of tumor necrosis factor.Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.20072923H1561H156710.1152/ajpheart.00285.200617122196
     [Google Scholar]
  27. WillebrordsJ. Crespo YanguasS. MaesM. DecrockE. WangN. LeybaertL. KwakB.R. GreenC.R. CogliatiB. VinkenM. Connexins and their channels in inflammation.Crit. Rev. Biochem. Mol. Biol.201651641343910.1080/10409238.2016.120498027387655
     [Google Scholar]
  28. PatelK.H.K. JonesT.N. SattlerS. MasonJ.C. NgF.S. Proarrhythmic electrophysiological and structural remodeling in rheumatoid arthritis.Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.20203195H1008H102010.1152/ajpheart.00401.202032946265
     [Google Scholar]
  29. YueY. CastrichiniM. SrivastavaU. FabrisF. ShahK. LiZ. QuY. El-SherifN. ZhouZ. JanuaryC. HussainM.M. JiangX.C. SobieE.A. Wahren-HerleniusM. ChahineM. CapecchiP.L. Laghi-PasiniF. LazzeriniP.E. BoutjdirM. Pathogenesis of the novel autoimmune-associated long-QT syndrome.Circulation2015132423024010.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.00980025995318
     [Google Scholar]
  30. TillyM.J. GeurtsS. ZhuF. BosM.M. IkramM.A. de MaatM.P.M. de GrootN.M.S. KavousiM. Autoimmune diseases and new-onset atrial fibrillation: A UK Biobank study.Europace202325380481110.1093/europace/euac24436546587
     [Google Scholar]
  31. KimS.C. LiuJ. SolomonD.H. The risk of atrial fibrillation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Ann. Rheum. Dis.20147361091109510.1136/annrheumdis‑2013‑20334323606703
     [Google Scholar]
  32. SugiuraT. KumonY. KataokaH. MatsumuraY. TakeuchiH. DoiY. Asymptomatic pericardial effusion in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Cardiology20081102879110.1159/00011048517975311
     [Google Scholar]
  33. GoldarG. GarraudC. SifuentesA.A. WassifH. JainV. KleinA.L. Autoimmune pericarditis: Multimodality imaging.Curr. Cardiol. Rep.202224111633164510.1007/s11886‑022‑01785‑336219367
     [Google Scholar]
  34. ChenR. StahlE.A. KurreemanF A S. GregersenP.K. SiminovitchK.A. WorthingtonJ. PadyukovL. RaychaudhuriS. PlengeR.M. Fine mapping the TAGAP risk locus in rheumatoid arthritis.Genes Immun.201112431431810.1038/gene.2011.821390051
     [Google Scholar]
  35. CorraoS. MessinaS. PistoneG. CalvoL. ScaglioneR. LicataG. Heart involvement in rheumatoid arthritis: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Int. J. Cardiol.201316752031203810.1016/j.ijcard.2012.05.05722703938
     [Google Scholar]
  36. SagieA. FreitasN. ChenM.H. MarshallJ.E. WeymanA.E. LevineR.A. Echocardiographic assessment of mitral stenosis and its associated valvular lesions in 205 patients and lack of association with mitral valve prolapse.J. Am. Soc. Echocardiogr.199710214114810.1016/S0894‑7317(97)70086‑59083969
     [Google Scholar]
  37. PrakashR. AtassiA. PoskeR. RosenK.M. Prevalence of pericardial effusion and mitral-valve involvement in patients with rheumatoid arthritis without cardiac symptoms. An echocardiographic evaluation.N. Engl. J. Med.19732891259760010.1056/NEJM1973092028912014723588
     [Google Scholar]
  38. DaviaJ. CheitlinM.D. de CASTROC.M. LawlessO. NiemiL. Absence of echocardiographic abnormalities of the anterior mitral valve leaflet in rheumatoid arthritis.Ann. Intern. Med.197583450050210.7326/0003‑4819‑83‑4‑5001166980
     [Google Scholar]
  39. MaioneS. ValentiniG. GiuntaA. TirriR. GiacummoA. LippolisC. ArneseM. de PaulisA. MaroneG. TirriG. Cardiac involvement in rheumatoid arthritis: An echocardiographic study.Cardiology199383423423910.1159/0001759758281539
     [Google Scholar]
  40. AlpaslanM. OnratE. EvcikD. Doppler echocardiographic evaluation of ventricular function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Clin. Rheumatol.2003222848810.1007/s10067‑002‑0677‑y12740669
     [Google Scholar]
  41. ImbalzanoE. ZitoC. CarerjS. OretoG. MandraffinoG. Cusmà-PiccioneM. Di BellaG. SaittaC. SaittaA. Left ventricular function in hypertension: New insight by speckle tracking echocardiography.Echocardiography201128664965710.1111/j.1540‑8175.2011.01410.x21676016
     [Google Scholar]
  42. RussellK. EriksenM. AabergeL. WilhelmsenN. SkulstadH. RemmeE.W. HaugaaK.H. OpdahlA. FjeldJ.G. GjesdalO. EdvardsenT. SmisethO.A. A novel clinical method for quantification of regional left ventricular pressure–strain loop area: A non-invasive index of myocardial work.Eur. Heart J.201233672473310.1093/eurheartj/ehs01622315346
     [Google Scholar]
  43. SchornD. HoughI.P. AndersonI.F. The heart in rheumatoid arthritis: An echocardiographic study.S. Afr. Med. J.19765018101251270
     [Google Scholar]
  44. CorraoS. Sallì’L. ArnoneS. ScaglioneR. AmatoV. CecalaM. LicataA. LicataG. Cardiac involvement in rheumatoid arthritis: Evidence of silent heart disease.Eur. Heart J.199516225325610.1093/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a0608927744098
     [Google Scholar]
  45. CauduroS.A. ModerK.G. LuthraH.S. SewardJ.B. Echocardiographically guided pericardiocentesis for treatment of clinically significant pericardial effusion in rheumatoid arthritis.J. Rheumatol.200633112173217717086604
     [Google Scholar]
  46. GuedesC. Bianchi-FiorP. CormierB. BarthelemyB. RatA.C. BoissierM.C. Cardiac manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis: A case-control transesophageal echocardiography study in 30 patients.Arthritis Rheum.200145212913510.1002/1529‑0131(200104)45:2<129::AID‑ANR164>3.0.CO;2‑K11324775
     [Google Scholar]
  47. MacDonaldW.J.Jr CrawfordM.H. KlippelJ.H. ZvaiflerN.J. O’RourkeR.A. Echocardiographic assessment of cardiac structure and function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Am. J. Med.197763689089610.1016/0002‑9343(77)90542‑3605910
     [Google Scholar]
  48. Hernandez-LopezE. ChahineR.A. AnastassiadesP. RaiznerA.E. LidskyM.D. Echocardiographic study of the cardiac involvement in rheumatoid arthritis.Chest1977721525510.1378/chest.72.1.52872654
     [Google Scholar]
  49. PascaleV. FinelliR. GiannottiR. CoscioniE. IzzoR. RozzaF. CaputoD. MoscatoP. IaccarinoG. CiccarelliM. Cardiac eccentric remodeling in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Sci. Rep.201881586710.1038/s41598‑018‑24323‑029651025
     [Google Scholar]
  50. RudominerR.L. RomanM.J. DevereuxR.B. PagetS.A. SchwartzJ.E. LockshinM.D. CrowM.K. SammaritanoL. LevineD.M. SalmonJ.E. Independent association of rheumatoid arthritis with increased left ventricular mass but not with reduced ejection fraction.Arthritis Rheum.2009601222910.1002/art.2414819116901
     [Google Scholar]
  51. CioffiG. ViapianaO. OgnibeniF. DalbeniA. OrsoliniG. AdamiS. GattiD. FisicaroM. TarantiniL. RossiniM. Clinical profile and outcome of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and abnormally high aortic stiffness.Eur. J. Prev. Cardiol.201623171848185910.1177/204748731664976227154592
     [Google Scholar]
  52. ChirinosJ.A. SegersP. HughesT. TownsendR. Large-artery stiffness in health and disease.J. Am. Coll. Cardiol.20197491237126310.1016/j.jacc.2019.07.01231466622
     [Google Scholar]
  53. FigusF.A. PigaM. AzzolinI. McConnellR. IagnoccoA. Rheumatoid arthritis: Extra-articular manifestations and comorbidities.Autoimmun. Rev.202120410277610.1016/j.autrev.2021.10277633609792
     [Google Scholar]
  54. LiangK.P. MyasoedovaE. CrowsonC.S. DavisJ.M. RogerV.L. KaronB.L. BorgesonD.D. TherneauT.M. RodehefferR.J. GabrielS.E. Increased prevalence of diastolic dysfunction in rheumatoid arthritis.Ann. Rheum. Dis.20106991665167010.1136/ard.2009.12436220498217
     [Google Scholar]
  55. Di FrancoM. ParadisoM. MammarellaA. PaolettiV. LabbadiaG. CoppotelliL. TaccariE. MuscaA. Diastolic function abnormalities in rheumatoid arthritis. Evaluation by echo Doppler transmitral flow and pulmonary venous flow: relation with duration of disease.Ann. Rheum. Dis.200059322722910.1136/ard.59.3.22710700433
     [Google Scholar]
  56. SharmaA. KaushikR. KaushikR.M. KakkarR. Echocardiographic evaluation of diastolic dysfunction in rheumatoid arthritis – A case–control study.Mod. Rheumatol.201525455255710.3109/14397595.2014.99840425529032
     [Google Scholar]
  57. SitiaS. TomasoniL. CicalaS. AtzeniF. RicciC. GaetaM. Sarzi-PuttiniP. TurielM. Detection of preclinical impairment of myocardial function in rheumatoid arthritis patients with short disease duration by speckle tracking echocardiography.Int. J. Cardiol.2012160181410.1016/j.ijcard.2011.03.01221450355
     [Google Scholar]
  58. SeyfeliE. GulerH. AkogluS. KarazincirS. AkgulF. SaglamH. SeydaliyevaT. YalcinF. Right ventricular diastolic abnormalities in rheumatoid arthritis and its relationship with left ventricular and pulmonary involvement. A tissue Doppler echocardiographic study.Int. J. Cardiovasc. Imaging200622674575410.1007/s10554‑006‑9096‑516705477
     [Google Scholar]
  59. LevendogluF. TemizhanA. UgurluH. OzdemirA. YaziciM. Ventricular function abnormalities in active rheumatoid arthritis: A Doppler echocardiographic study.Rheumatol. Int.200424314114610.1007/s00296‑003‑0342‑z12819928
     [Google Scholar]
  60. CioffiG. ViapianaO. OgnibeniF. DalbeniA. GattiD. AdamiS. MazzoneC. FaganelloG. Di LenardaA. RossiniM. Prevalence and factors related to left ventricular systolic dysfunction in asymptomatic patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Herz201540798999610.1007/s00059‑015‑4320‑525990626
     [Google Scholar]
  61. IkonomidisI. LekakisJ.P. NikolaouM. ParaskevaidisI. AndreadouI. KaplanoglouT. KatsimbriP. SkarantavosG. SoucacosP.N. KremastinosD.T. Inhibition of interleukin-1 by anakinra improves vascular and left ventricular function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Circulation2008117202662266910.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.73187718474811
     [Google Scholar]
  62. LangelandS. D’hoogeJ. WoutersP.F. LeatherH.A. ClausP. BijnensB. SutherlandG.R. Experimental validation of a new ultrasound method for the simultaneous assessment of radial and longitudinal myocardial deformation independent of insonation angle.Circulation2005112142157216210.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.55400616203928
     [Google Scholar]
  63. MantelÄ. HolmqvistM. AnderssonD.C. LundL.H. AsklingJ. Association between rheumatoid arthritis and risk of ischemic and nonischemic heart failure.J. Am. Coll. Cardiol.201769101275128510.1016/j.jacc.2016.12.03328279294
     [Google Scholar]
  64. AtzeniF. GianturcoL. BoccassiniL. Sarzi-PuttiniP. BonittaG. TurielM. Noninvasive imaging methods for evaluating cardiovascular involvement in patients with rheumatoid arthritis before and after anti-TNF drug treatment.Future Sci. OA201956FSO39610.2144/fsoa‑2018‑010831285841
     [Google Scholar]
  65. Di MinnoM.N.D. ForteF. TufanoA. BuonauroA. RossiF.W. De PaulisA. GalderisiM. Speckle tracking echocardiography in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A meta-analysis.Eur. J. Intern. Med.202073162210.1016/j.ejim.2019.12.03331911023
     [Google Scholar]
  66. AlexandreA. Sá-CoutoD. BrandãoM. CabralS. FonsecaT. CostaR.Q. MarinhoA. VasconcelosC. FerreiraB. FerreiraJ.P. RodriguesP. Subclinical left ventricular dysfunction in rheumatoid arthritis: Findings from the prospective Porto-RA cohort.Clin. Res. Cardiol.202410.1007/s00392‑024‑02548‑639347795
     [Google Scholar]
  67. HanvivadhanakulP. BuakhamsriA. Disease activity is associated with LV dysfunction in rheumatoid arthritis patients without clinical cardiovascular disease.Adv. Rheumatol.20195915610.1186/s42358‑019‑0100‑x31843000
     [Google Scholar]
  68. CioffiG. ViapianaO. OgnibeniF. DalbeniA. GiolloA. GattiD. IdolazziL. FaganelloG. Di LenardaA. RossiniM. Prognostic role of subclinical left ventricular systolic dysfunction evaluated by speckle-tracking echocardiography in rheumatoid arthritis.J. Am. Soc. Echocardiogr.201730660261110.1016/j.echo.2017.02.00128391000
     [Google Scholar]
  69. NaseemM. SamirS. IbrahimI.K. KhedrL. ShahbaA.A.E. 2-D speckle-tracking assessment of left and right ventricular function in rheumatoid arthritis patients with and without disease activity.J. Saudi Heart Assoc.2019311414910.1016/j.jsha.2018.10.00130559579
     [Google Scholar]
  70. FineN.M. CrowsonC.S. LinG. OhJ.K. VillarragaH.R. GabrielS.E. Evaluation of myocardial function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis using strain imaging by speckle-tracking echocardiography.Ann. Rheum. Dis.201473101833183910.1136/annrheumdis‑2013‑20331423873875
     [Google Scholar]
  71. LøgstrupB.B. MasicD. LaurbjergT.B. BlegvadJ. HerlyM. KristensenL.D. UrbonavicieneG. Hedemann-NielsenA. EllingsenT. Left ventricular function at two-year follow-up in treatment-naive rheumatoid arthritis patients is associated with anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody status: A cohort study.Scand. J. Rheumatol.201746643244010.1080/03009742.2016.124994128121216
     [Google Scholar]
  72. MokotediL. MichelF.S. MoganeC. GomesM. WoodiwissA.J. NortonG.R. MillenA.M.E. Associations of inflammatory markers with impaired left ventricular diastolic and systolic function in collagen-induced arthritis.PLoS One2020153023065710.1371/journal.pone.023065732208438
     [Google Scholar]
  73. ThallapallyV.K. BansalR. ThandraA. GuptaS. AuritS. PajjuruV.S. AnugulaD. AhmedA. NahasJ. Detection of myocardial dysfunction using global longitudinal strain with speckle-tracking echocardiography in patients with vs without rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.J. Echocardiogr.2023211233210.1007/s12574‑022‑00583‑835987937
     [Google Scholar]
  74. BaktirA.O. SarliB. CebicciM.A. SaglamH. DoganY. DemirbaşM. SutbeyazS.T. ArincH. Preclinical impairment of myocardial function in rheumatoid arthritis patients.Herz201540466967410.1007/s00059‑014‑4068‑324595319
     [Google Scholar]
  75. JiX. ZhangX. FengH. Evaluation of left ventricular systolic synchrony by peak strain dispersion in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.J. Int. Med. Res.20214940300060521100773710.1177/0300060521100773733892606
     [Google Scholar]
  76. MuraruD. NieroA. Rodriguez-ZanellaH. CherataD. BadanoL. Three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography: Benefits and limitations of integrating myocardial mechanics with three-dimensional imaging.Cardiovasc. Diagn. Ther.20188110111710.21037/cdt.2017.06.0129541615
     [Google Scholar]
  77. FengX. SunZ. SunX. Application of three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in assessing left ventricular systolic function in rheumatoid arthritis patients.Chin. J. Med. Imaging Technol.201632812181221
     [Google Scholar]
  78. ZhuQ. GuoT. LuF. A comparative study of two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging and realtime three-dimensional echocardiography to evaluate left ventricular systolic synchrony in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.J. Ultrasound Med.2020228590595
     [Google Scholar]
  79. VizzardiE. CavazzanaI. FranceschiniF. BonadeiI. SciattiE. LombardiC.M. TincaniA. MetraM. Left ventricular function in rheumatoid arthritis during anti-TNF-α treatment: A speckle tracking prospective echocardiographic study.Monaldi Arch. Chest Dis.2016841-271610.4081/monaldi.2015.71627374036
     [Google Scholar]
  80. MiyagawaS. MiyamotoT. SatoY. Soluble tumour necrosis factor-alpha receptor improved the function, hypertrophy, and granular sparkling appearance of the left ventricular myocardium in systemic amyloid A amyloidosis: A case report.Eur. Heart J. Case Rep.2020431710.1093/ehjcr/ytaa04832617472
     [Google Scholar]
  81. SuhaC. GokhanV.M. GoksalK. EkremY. MehmetD. AkifO.M. Infliximab, an anti-TNF-alpha agent, improves left atrial abnormalities in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: preliminary results : cardiovascular topic.Cardiovasc. J. Afr.201425416817510.5830/CVJA‑2014‑03625192300
     [Google Scholar]
  82. IkonomidisI. TzortzisS. LekakisJ. ParaskevaidisI. AndreadouI. NikolaouM. KaplanoglouT. KatsimbriP. SkarantavosG. SoucacosP. KremastinosD.T. Lowering interleukin-1 activity with anakinra improves myocardial deformation in rheumatoid arthritis.Heart200995181502150710.1136/hrt.2009.16897119482847
     [Google Scholar]
  83. RussellK. EriksenM. AabergeL. WilhelmsenN. SkulstadH. GjesdalO. EdvardsenT. SmisethO.A. Assessment of wasted myocardial work: A novel method to quantify energy loss due to uncoordinated left ventricular contractions.Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.20133057H996H100310.1152/ajpheart.00191.201323893165
     [Google Scholar]
  84. DonalE. TaconneM. Le RolleV. GalliE. Tips and tricks for the non-invasive assessment of myocardial work: the good, the bad and the ugly.Eur. Heart J. Cardiovasc. Imaging202324332432610.1093/ehjci/jeac19336149777
     [Google Scholar]
  85. LiuQ. ChenL. LiuX. PengG. ZhongX. ShengY. LuoS. HuangY. XuJ. LiuY. Evaluation of left ventricular myocardial work in patients with hyperthyroidism with different heart rates with noninvasive pressure-strain loop based on two-dimensional speck tracking imaging.Quant. Imaging Med. Surg.20231342248226110.21037/qims‑22‑53437064400
     [Google Scholar]
  86. GaoY. ZhangY. TangY. WuH. XuF. HongJ. XuD. Myocardial work and energy loss of left ventricle obtained by pressure-strain loop and vector flow mapping: A new perspective on idiopathic left bundle branch block.Quant. Imaging Med. Surg.202313121022310.21037/qims‑22‑28436620173
     [Google Scholar]
  87. HubertA. Le RolleV. LeclercqC. GalliE. SamsetE. CassetC. MaboP. HernandezA. DonalE. Estimation of myocardial work from pressure–strain loops analysis: An experimental evaluation.Eur. Heart J. Cardiovasc. Imaging201819121372137910.1093/ehjci/jey02429529181
     [Google Scholar]
  88. LiuJ. SunH. ChengL. JuP. XuJ. Pressure-strain loop parameters for the evaluation of myocardial work in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Chinese Computed Medical Imaging.20232917478
     [Google Scholar]
  89. YuX. XiJ. WuJ. SongR. Correlation between myocardial work and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction: A retrospective study based on non-invasive pressure-strain loop.Clin. Rheumatol.20254441513152510.1007/s10067‑025‑07380‑540042530
     [Google Scholar]
  90. RenM YinL ZhuJ HuJ HeJ LeiJ Evaluation of left ventricular systolic function by echocardiographic pressure-strain loops in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.J China Clin Med Imaging20223310704709
     [Google Scholar]
  91. XiaoW. ZhangX. WangY. ShiY. DuanS. ZhaoJ. Evaluation of left ventricular function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis by noninvasive pressure-strain loop.Chin. J. Ultrasonogr.2022312108114
     [Google Scholar]
  92. OlsenF.J. SkaarupK.G. LassenM.C.H. JohansenN.D. SengeløvM. JensenG.B. SchnohrP. MarottJ.L. SøgaardP. GislasonG. SvendsenJ.H. MøgelvangR. AalenJ.M. RemmeE.W. SmisethO.A. Biering-SørensenT. Normal values for myocardial work indices derived from pressure-strain loop analyses: From the CCHS.Circ. Cardiovasc. Imaging202215501371210.1161/CIRCIMAGING.121.01371235535593
     [Google Scholar]
  93. van der BijlP. KostyukevichM. El MahdiuiM. HansenG. SamsetE. Ajmone MarsanN. BaxJ.J. DelgadoV. A roadmap to assess myocardial work.JACC Cardiovasc. Imaging201912122549255410.1016/j.jcmg.2019.05.02831326486
     [Google Scholar]
  94. MoyaA. BuytaertD. PenickaM. BartunekJ. VanderheydenM. State-of-the-art: Noninvasive assessment of left ventricular function through myocardial work.J. Am. Soc. Echocardiogr.202336101027104210.1016/j.echo.2023.07.00237437670
     [Google Scholar]
  95. AbawiD. RinaldiT. FaragliA. PieskeB. MorrisD.A. KelleS. TschöpeC. ZitoC. AlognaA. The non-invasive assessment of myocardial work by pressure-strain analysis: clinical applications.Heart Fail. Rev.20222741261127910.1007/s10741‑021‑10119‑434041679
     [Google Scholar]
  96. GhorbaniA. OuyangD. AbidA. HeB. ChenJ.H. HarringtonR.A. LiangD.H. AshleyE.A. ZouJ.Y. Deep learning interpretation of echocardiograms.NPJ Digit. Med.2020311010.1038/s41746‑019‑0216‑831993508
     [Google Scholar]
  97. AkkusZ. AlyY.H. AttiaI.Z. Lopez-JimenezF. Arruda-OlsonA.M. PellikkaP.A. PislaruS.V. KaneG.C. FriedmanP.A. OhJ.K. Artificial intelligence (AI)-empowered echocardiography interpretation: A state-of-the-art review.J. Clin. Med.2021107139110.3390/jcm1007139133808513
     [Google Scholar]
  98. VillemainO. BarangerJ. FriedbergM.K. PapadacciC. DizeuxA. MessasE. TanterM. PernotM. MertensL. Ultrafast ultrasound imaging in pediatric and adult cardiology.JACC Cardiovasc. Imaging20201381771179110.1016/j.jcmg.2019.09.01931734211
     [Google Scholar]
  99. RoweS.P. PomperM.G. Molecular imaging in oncology: Current impact and future directions.CA Cancer J. Clin.202272433335210.3322/caac.2171334902160
     [Google Scholar]
  100. BöhmerV.I. SzymanskiW. FeringaB.L. ElsingaP.H. Multivalent probes in molecular imaging: Reality or future?Trends Mol. Med.202127437939310.1016/j.molmed.2020.12.00633436332
     [Google Scholar]
  101. MontesiS.B. DésogèreP. FuchsB.C. CaravanP. Molecular imaging of fibrosis: Recent advances and future directions.J. Clin. Invest.20191291243310.1172/JCI12213230601139
     [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/cmir/10.2174/0115734056375528250701165335
Loading
Non-invasive Assessment of Rheumatoid Arthritis Cardiac Involvement: A Systematic Review of Echocardiography
Curr. Med. Imaging 21, E15734056375528 (2025); https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734056375528250701165335
/content/journals/cmir/10.2174/0115734056375528250701165335
/content/journals/cmir/10.2174/0115734056375528250701165335
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Supplements

Supplementary material is available on the publisher’s website along with the published article.

file format download Download

  • Article Type:     Review Article
Keyword(s): Autoimmune diseases; Echocardiography; Heart; Mortality rates; Rheumatoid arthritis; Speckle tracking echocardiography; The pressure-strain loop

Most Cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error
Please enter a valid_number test